Rosa 'Mrs. Harkness'

*Rosa* 'Mrs. Harkness'
Rosa 'Mrs. Harkness'
Hybrid parentage	'Heinrich Schultheis'
Cultivar group	Hybrid Perpetual
Cultivar	Mrs. Harkness
Marketing names	'Paul's Early Blush'
Origin	George Paul, Jr., UK, 1893

Last updated October 22, 2022

Rosa 'Mrs. Harkness' (syn. Paul's Early Blush)^[1] is a rare light pink rose cultivar discovered by George Paul in Great Britain in 1893. It is a sport of the deep pink hybrid perpetual 'Heinrich Schultheis', introduced by Henry Bennet in 1882. The RHS Encyclopedia of Roses lists 'Paul's Early Blush' (Paul 1893) and 'Mrs Harkness' (Harkness, 1893) as two separate sports of 'Heinrich Schultheis',^[2] while Peter Beales uses the names synonymously.^[1]^[3]

The name 'Mrs. Harkness' was given by John Harkness in honour of his mother and introduced by Harkness and Sons in 1893.^[4]

'Mrs. Harkness' has large double flowers with a cupped bloom form and 17 to 25 petals and a strong cinnamon fragrance. They are pale pink and appear quite early solitary or in small clusters of up to four flowers on the repeat flowering shrub.^[1]^[4]

The vigorous rose bush grows upright and reaches a height of about 90 to 150 cm (3.0 to 4.9 ft) and 90 cm width. The leaves grow on thick have a dark greyish green colour. 'Mrs. Harkness' tolerates poorer soils,^[1] is winter hardy down to −20 °C (USDA zone 6), but is susceptible to mildew.^[3] The cultivar can be grown in containers.^[3]

Related Research Articles

Harkness Roses are rose breeders based at Hitchin, Hertfordshire in England. The nursery was founded in 1879 in Yorkshire by brothers, John and Robert Harkness. Early varieties include 'Mrs. Harkness', 'Frensham' and 'Ena Harkness'. Jack Harkness, grandson of original co-founder, John Harkness, established the first rose hybridization program at the company in 1962, developing vigorous, healthy roses by hybridizing from wild rose species. His most successful new rose cultivars include: 'Amber Queen', 'Belmonte' and 'Anne Harkness'.

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The Peace rose, formally Rosa 'Madame A. Meilland', is a well-known and successful garden rose. By 1992, over one hundred million plants of this hybrid tea had been sold. The cultivar has large flowers of a light yellow to cream color, slightly flushed at the petal edges with crimson-pink. It is hardy and vigorous and relatively resistant to disease, making it popular in gardens as well as in the floral trade.

Abraham Darby is a popular apricot Shrub rose cultivar which was introduced by David Austin in England in 1985. The English rose was bred by crossing the climber 'Aloha' with the floribunda 'Yellow Cushion' and is named after the industrialist Abraham Darby, the constructor of the first iron bridge, which is situated less than 15 km from David Austin's nurseries. The naming happened in collaboration with the Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust.

Rosa 'American Beauty' is a deep pink to crimson rose cultivar, bred by Henri Lédéchaux in France in 1875, and was originally named 'Madame Ferdinand Jamin'.

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Rosa 'La France' is a pink rose cultivar found in France in 1867 by the rosarian Jean-Baptiste André Guillot (1827–1893). It is generally accepted to be the first hybrid tea rose. Its introduction is therefore also considered the birth of the modern rose. As the cultivar was not systematically bred, its hybrid parentage can only be speculated, but 'Madame Falcot' is considered as a possible parent.

Rosa 'Belmonte' is a light pink floribunda rose, created by Harkness Roses of Hitchin, Hertfordshire and introduced in Great Britain in 2007.

Rosa'Double Delight',, is a multiple award-winning, red blend hybrid tea rose cultivar bred in the United States by Swim & Ellis and introduced in 1977. Its parents were two hybrid tea cultivars, the red and yellow 'Granada' and the ivory 'Garden Party'.

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Rosa 'Old Blush', also known as 'Parsons' Pink China', 'Old Blush China', 'Old China Monthly', is a China rose and has been cultivated in China for over a thousand years. It derives from Rosa chinensis, and is generally accepted as the first East Asian rose cultivar to reach Europe. It is recorded in Sweden in 1752 and in England before 1759, but was probably cultivated in China for several centuries. It is believed to be the rose which inspired the song The Last Rose of Summer by the Irish composer and poet Thomas Moore. It is also known as Parsons' Pink China, named after Mr Parson who introduced it commercially to the UK in 1793.

Rosa 'Nevada' is a white climbing rose cultivar developed by Pedro Dot in Spain in 1927. It is one of his most successful creations and is named for its colour, as nevada is the Spanish word for "snowy". Its parentage was long under discussion, as Dot introduced the cultivar as a hybrid moyesii, but the cultivar's round, black hips point to its R. pimpinellifolia-parentage. It is probably a cross between Dot's pink hybrid tea 'La Giralda' and the wild rose species Rosa pimpinellifolia var. altaica, but is sometimes still described as a hybrid moyesii.

Rosa 'Cécile Brünner', also known as 'Mlle Cécile Brünner', 'Sweetheart Rose', 'Malteser Rose', or 'Mignon', is a light pink polyantha rose bred in France by Marie Ducher and introduced by her son-in-law, Joseph Pernet-Ducher in 1881. Its parents were a double-flowered R. multiflora and a hybrid tea rose, either 'Souvenir d'un Ami' or a seedling of 'Mme de Tartas'. It is not clear if the rose was named after the sister (1853–1927) or daughter of Ulrich Brunner fils.

Rosa 'Blush Noisette' is a light pink Noisette rose introduced by Phillipe Noisette around 1815. It was one of the first Noisette roses, and over time has been called by a multitude of names, including Rosa × noisettiana, 'Rosier de Philippe Noisette', 'Noisette de l'Inde, 'Blush Cluster', or 'Noisette Carnée'. According to the RHS Encyclopedia of Roses, the cultivar is mostly called 'Blush Noisette' in America, and otherwise known as 'Noisette Carnée'. 'Blush Noisette' arose as a seedling from the light pink rose hybrid 'Champney's Pink Cluster', introduced by Champneys around 1811, and was the first frost-hardy climber flowering repeatedly, giving the cultivar importance as a parent rose.

Rosa'Souvenir de la Malmaison' is a rose cultivar with large, very pale pink, flowers that open flat. The Bourbon rose was created in 1843 by Lyon rose breeder Jean Béluze, who named it after the Château de Malmaison, where Joséphine de Beauharnais (1763–1814) had created a magnificent rose garden. It is probably a cross between 'Mme Desprez' and 'Devoniensis'.

Rosa 'Gene Boerner' is a pink Floribunda rose cultivar, bred by Eugene Boerner and introduced into the United States by Jackson & Perkins in 1968, in honor of Boerner. The cultivar was named an All-America Rose Selections winner in 1969.

References

1 2 3 4 Peter Beales (2004). Rosen – meine Leidenschaft[Peter Beales - A Passion For Roses] (in German). Christian Verlag. p. 50. ISBN 3-88472-646-3.
↑ Charles and Brigid Quest-Ritson (2010). Rosen – die große Enzyklopädie[RHS Encyclopedia of Roses] (in German). Dorling Kindersley. p. 188. ISBN 978-3-8310-1734-8.
1 2 3 Peter Beales (2002). Klassische Rosen[Classic roses] (in German). DuMont. p. 405. ISBN 3-8320-8736-2.
1 2 "Mrs. Harkness". HelpMeFind. Retrieved 2014-09-19.

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[beales-1] 1 2 3 4 Peter Beales (2004). Rosen – meine Leidenschaft[Peter Beales - A Passion For Roses] (in German). Christian Verlag. p. 50. ISBN 3-88472-646-3.

[RHSaz-2] Charles and Brigid Quest-Ritson (2010). Rosen – die große Enzyklopädie[RHS Encyclopedia of Roses] (in German). Dorling Kindersley. p. 188. ISBN 978-3-8310-1734-8.

[classic-3] 1 2 3 Peter Beales (2002). Klassische Rosen[Classic roses] (in German). DuMont. p. 405. ISBN 3-8320-8736-2.

[hmfr-4] 1 2 "Mrs. Harkness". HelpMeFind. Retrieved 2014-09-19.

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