The Ministry of Transportation and Communications governs transportation in Taiwan.
The Ministry of Transportation and Communications governs transportation in Taiwan.
Total: 1,580 km (2009) (all on the island of Taiwan)
The Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR) commenced operations on 5 January 2007, after some delays in 2006. The THSR connects Taipei City in the northeast of the island of Taiwan to Kaohsiung City in the southwest. The journey time is about 90 minutes compared to ~3 hours by conventional rail. 30 Shinkansen Class 700T sets are running on the 345 km high-speed line, with station stops at Taipei Main Station, Banqiao, Taoyuan, Hsinchu, Taichung, Chiayi, Tainan and Zuoying District In Kaohsiung. Four additional stations have been opened: Nangang in eastern Taipei, Miaoli, Changhua and Yunlin. In 2008 THSR increased the number of trains to 88 per day, each way.
The Shinkansen 700T is similar to the Japanese 700 Nozomi. It operates in 12 car sets (9 powered, 3 trailers) at a speed limit of 300 km/h over standard gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) track. OCS power is 25 kV AC 60 Hz.
The Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) is the national conventional passenger railway operator in Taiwan, established on 5 March 1948. Railway services began in 1891 between Keelung and Hsinchu under mainland China's Qing Dynasty, with a complete reform intended under the Japanese Colonial Government. This Japanese influence remains in TRA's various operations today, where JR (Japan Railways) tack layout, fare gates, and signage can still be observed. [1] With increased competition from the Taiwan High Speed Rail for long-distance services on the west coast, TRA has begun placing emphases on commuter and tourist services. [2]
There are five urban transit systems in Taiwan: Taipei Metro, New Taipei Metro, Taichung Metro, Taoyuan Metro, and Kaohsiung Metro.
Taipei Metro opened in 1996 and runs on an extensive network of both Multiple Unit for the high-capacity system as well as VAL for the medium-capacity system throughout the metropolitan area of Taipei. The metro system operates 6 lines consisting of 131 stations. [3]
Kaohsiung Metro is a metro system that currently has two lines, the Red line, and the Orange line consisting of 37 Stations. [4] [5] Both of these lines opened In 2008. [6] Along with these lines, the Yellow line Is under construction, and will cover nearly 42% of the cites population, having an expected daily ridership of 180,000 and is to be completed by 2028. [7] [8] [9] The metro currently runs in 3 car sets manufactured by Siemens.
The Taoyuan Metro is a metro system with one operational line, one in construction, and one in planning. (Airport MRT, green, brown). [10] The Airport MRT serves Taoyuan, Taipei and New Taipei after it opened in March 2017.
Taichung Metro officially began operation on April 25, 2021, with its Green Line opening. In addition to Taichung, the network will also serve the Changhua and Nantou counties. The metro will start off with 3 main lines (green, blue, and orange), with four other lines planned. [11]
Various conventional urban and intercity bus operators conduct services in Taipei and other major cities. Some of the most notable players include Taipei Bus (台北客運) and Capitol Bus (首都客運). [12]
Taichung's BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) was the first BRT system in Taiwan, spanning 17.1 kilometres (10.6 mi) from Taichung TRA Station to Providence University via the Taiwan Boulevard, containing 21 dedicated right-of-way stations. This line was shut down and converted to a dedicated bus lane on July 8, 2015. [13]
Chiayi's Bus Rapid Transit system remains in service, [14] connecting Chiayi High Speed Rail station to downtown Chiayi City via Chiayi County. It uses dedicated bus lanes and GPS-controlled traffic signals to speed up commutes between terminals.
During the global COVID-19 pandemic traffic at Taiwan’s large international airports fell sharply while traffic to smaller domestic airports increased as a result of a surge in domestic tourism. [15]
Total: 40
Length of runways:
Total: 7
Total: 31 (2013) [16]
Port of Kaohsiung Is the largest port in Taiwan, and the thirteenth largest in the world. [17] It is located near the Western districts In Kaohsiung, including Gushan, Yancheng, Lingya, Cianjhen, Siaogang, and Cijin. The port Is easily accessible by Sizihwan metro station, and by various Light Rail stations. [18] [19]
Other Major ports: Keelung, Taichung, Hualien
General ports: Anping, Su'ao, Taipei
Merchant marine: 112 ships (1,000 GT or over) totaling 3,827,173 GT/6,121,877 tonnes deadweight (DWT) (2010)
ships by type:
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As of 2013, Taiwan maintains the following pipelines [20]
Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR) is the high-speed railway of Taiwan consisting of one line that runs approximately 350 km (217 mi) along the west coast, from the capital Taipei to the southern city of Kaohsiung. With construction and operations managed by a private company, Taiwan High Speed Rail Corporation (THSRC), which also operates the line, the total cost of the project was NT$513.3 billion in 1998. The system's technology is based primarily on Japan's Shinkansen.
Mass Rapid Transit in general refers to a fully grade separated heavy-rail metro system.
Rail transport in Taiwan consists of 2,025 kilometres (1,258 mi) of railway networks. Though no longer as dominant as it once was, rail transport is an extremely important form of transportation in Taiwan due to high population density, especially along the densely populated western corridor. In 2016, over 1.09 billion passengers traveled by rail in Taiwan, averaging 2.99 million passengers per day.
Taipei Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), branded as Metro Taipei, is a rapid transit system serving the capital Taipei and New Taipei City in Taiwan.
Kaohsiung Metro (Chinese: 高雄大眾捷運系統, 高雄捷運) is a rapid transit and light rail system covering the metropolitan area of Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Its rapid transit network is known as Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit System or Kaohsiung Rapid Transit (KRT). Construction of the MRT started in October 2001. The MRT opened in 2008 and the Circular light rail in 2015. Kaohsiung Metro is operated by the Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corporation (KRTC; Chinese: 高雄捷運公司) under a BOT contract the company signed with the Kaohsiung City Government.
Taipei Main Station is a major metro and railway station in the capital Taipei, Taiwan. It is served by Taipei Metro, the Taiwan High Speed Rail, and Taiwan Railway. It is also connected through underground passageways to the terminal station of Taoyuan Airport MRT and the Taipei Bus Station. It is the busiest station in Taiwan.
Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport MRT, commonly known as the Airport MRT, is a rapid transit line of the Taoyuan Metro that connects the municipalities of the capital Taipei, Taoyuan and New Taipei with Taoyuan International Airport. The 51.33 km (31.89 mi) line, from Taipei Main Station to Laojie River, has 22 stations and began commercial service on 2 March 2017.
Taichung is located in central Taiwan and is the second largest city in the island country.
The Taichung MRT is a rapid transit system in Taichung, Taiwan. In addition to Taichung, it may serve Changhua and Nantou counties in the future. Taichung Metro's first route, the Green Line, officially began operation on April 25, 2021, making it the 5th rapid transit system operating in Taiwan.
The New Ten Major Construction Projects refers to the construction plans in Taiwan introduced by then-premier Yu Shyi-kun in November 2003.
Nangang is a railway and metro station in Taipei, Taiwan served by Taiwan High Speed Rail, Taiwan Railways Administration and Taipei Metro. The station is served by the fastest HSR express services of the 1 series.
Sanchong is a station of the Zhonghe–Xinlu line on Taipei Metro and the Taoyuan Airport MRT located in Sanchong District, New Taipei, Taiwan. The station opened for service on 5 January 2012. It is a transfer station with the Taoyuan Airport MRT, which opened on 2 March 2017.
Taoyuan HSR is a high-speed rail and metro station in Zhongli District, Taoyuan, Taiwan, served by Taiwan High Speed Rail and Taoyuan Airport MRT, and is also known as Qingpu Station.
Zuoying is a metro and railway station in Kaohsiung, Taiwan served by Kaohsiung MRT, Taiwan High Speed Rail, and Taiwan Railway, where it is known as Xinzuoying. The station is served by the fastest HSR express services of the 1 series.
The Taoyuan Metro is a rapid transit system serving Taoyuan City, as well as parts of New Taipei City and Taipei City, in Taiwan. The most recently proposed network includes 11 lines and extensions, of which 2 are now under construction. The Taoyuan Airport MRT is the only line currently in operation. The system opened with the opening of the first line in the system, Taoyuan Airport MRT, for trial passenger service on 2 February 2017 and revenue passenger service on 2 March 2017.
Banqiao is a railway and metro station in New Taipei, Taiwan served by Taiwan High Speed Rail, TRA and Taipei Metro. With the exception of the Circular Line, all other tracks and platforms in the station are located underground. The station is served by the fastest HSR express services of the 1 series.
Asia has many narrow-gauge railways. The railways of Japan, Indonesia and the Philippines are predominantly 1,067 mm narrow gauge. Those in mainland Southeast Asia, which includes Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar and Malaysia, are predominantly metre gauge. The proposed ASEAN Railway would be standard or dual gauge, using metre- and standard-gauge regional railway networks and linking Singapore through Malaysia, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam to China's standard-gauge rail network. In Western Asia, Jordan uses 1,050 mm narrow gauge.
iPASS is a contactless smart card operated by the iPASS Corporation. Starting from February 13, 2017, both EasyCard and iPASS are accepted for virtually all public transport in Taiwan, including rapid transit, buses, and Taiwan Railways Administration services. It also serves as an electronic wallet.
The Kaohsiung Metro Siemens Modular Metro (Mo.Mo) electric multiple unit (EMU) trains has operated on the heavy-rail Red and Orange Lines since its opening in 2008.
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