UN M49

Last updated

UN M49 or the Standard Country or Area Codes for Statistical Use (Series M, No. 49) is a standard for area codes used by the United Nations for statistical purposes, developed and maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division. Each area code is a 3-digit number which can refer to a wide variety of geographical and political regions, like a continent and a country. Codes assigned in the system generally do not change when the country or area's name changes (unlike ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 or ISO 3166-1 alpha-3), but instead change when the territorial extent of the country or area changes significantly, [1] although there have been exceptions to this rule. [lower-alpha 1]

Contents

Some of these codes, those representing countries and territories, were first included as part of the ISO 3166-1 standard in its second edition in 1981, but they have been released by the United Nations Statistics Division since 1970. [4]

Another part of these numeric codes, those representing geographical (continental and sub-continental) supranational regions, was also included in the IANA registry for region subtags (first described in September 2006 in the now obsoleted RFC 4646, but confirmed in its successor RFC 5646, published in September 2009) for use within language tags, as specified in IETF's BCP 47 (where the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes are used as region subtags, instead of UN M.49 codes, for countries and territories).

Code lists

M.49 area codes (as of December 2021)

Geographical supranational regions
(See also BCP 47 where these were imported as region subtags)
CodeAreaSubregions
001 World 249002, 009, 010, 019, 142, 150
002 Africa 60015, 202
015 Northern Africa 7Flag of Algeria.svg  012, Flag of Libya.svg  434, Flag of Morocco.svg  504, Flag of Sudan.svg  729, Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg  732, Flag of Tunisia.svg  788, Flag of Egypt.svg  818
202 Sub-Saharan Africa 53011, 014, 017, 018
011 Western Africa 17Flag of Cape Verde.svg  132, Flag of Benin.svg  204, Flag of The Gambia.svg  270, Flag of Ghana.svg  288, Flag of Guinea.svg  324, Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg  384, Flag of Liberia.svg  430, Flag of Mali.svg  466, Flag of Mauritania.svg  478, Flag of Niger.svg  562, Flag of Nigeria.svg  566, Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg  624, Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  654, Flag of Senegal.svg  686, Flag of Sierra Leone.svg  694, Flag of Togo.svg  768, Flag of Burkina Faso.svg  854
014 Eastern Africa 22Flag of the Commissioner of the British Indian Ocean Territory.svg  086, Flag of Burundi.svg  108, Flag of the Comoros.svg  174, Flag of France.svg  175, Flag of Ethiopia.svg  231, Flag of Eritrea.svg  232, Flag of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.svg  260, Flag of Djibouti.svg  262, Flag of Kenya.svg  404, Flag of Madagascar.svg  450, Flag of Malawi.svg  454, Flag of Mauritius.svg  480, Flag of Mozambique.svg  508, Flag of France.svg  638, Flag of Rwanda.svg  646, Flag of Seychelles.svg  690, Flag of Somalia.svg  706, Flag of Zimbabwe.svg  716, Flag of South Sudan.svg  728, Flag of Uganda.svg  800, Flag of Tanzania.svg  834, Flag of Zambia.svg  894
017 Middle Africa 9Flag of Angola.svg  024, Flag of Cameroon.svg  120, Flag of the Central African Republic.svg  140, Flag of Chad.svg  148, Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg  178, Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg  180, Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg  226, Flag of Gabon.svg  266, Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg  678
018 Southern Africa 5Flag of Botswana.svg  072, Flag of Lesotho.svg  426, Flag of Namibia.svg  516, Flag of South Africa.svg  710, Flag of Eswatini.svg  748
010 Antarctica 1Blank flag.svg  010
019 Americas 57(021, 419) or (003, 005)
003 North America [5] 41013, 021, 029
021 Northern America 5Flag of Bermuda.svg  060, Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  124, Flag of Greenland.svg  304, Flag of France.svg  666, Flag of the United States.svg  840
419 Latin America and the Caribbean 52005, 013, 029
005 South America 16Flag of Argentina.svg  032, Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg  068, Flag of Norway.svg  074, Flag of Brazil.svg  076, Flag of Chile.svg  152, Flag of Colombia.svg  170, Flag of Ecuador.svg  218, Flag of the Falkland Islands.svg  238, Flag of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.svg  239, Flag of France.svg  254, Flag of Guyana.svg  328, Flag of Paraguay.svg  600, Flag of Peru.svg  604, Flag of Suriname.svg  740, Flag of Uruguay.svg  858, Flag of Venezuela.svg  862
013 Central America 8Flag of Belize.svg  084, Flag of Costa Rica.svg  188, Flag of El Salvador.svg  222, Flag of Guatemala.svg  320, Flag of Honduras.svg  340, Flag of Mexico.svg  484, Flag of Nicaragua.svg  558, Flag of Panama.svg  591
029 Caribbean 28Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg  028, Flag of the Bahamas.svg  044, Flag of Barbados.svg  052, Flag of the British Virgin Islands.svg  092, Flag of the Cayman Islands.svg  136, Flag of Cuba.svg  192, Flag of Dominica.svg  212, Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  214, Flag of Grenada.svg  308, Flag of France.svg  312, Flag of Haiti.svg  332, Flag of Jamaica.svg  388, Flag-of-Martinique.svg  474, Flag of Montserrat.svg  500, Flag of Curacao.svg  531, Flag of Aruba.svg  533, Flag of Sint Maarten.svg  534, Flag of the Netherlands.svg  535, Flag of Puerto Rico.svg  630, Flag of France.svg  652, Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg  659, Flag of Anguilla.svg  660, Flag of Saint Lucia.svg  662, Flag of France.svg  663, Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg  670, Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  780, Flag of the Turks and Caicos Islands.svg  796, Flag of the United States Virgin Islands.svg  850
142 Asia 50030, 034, 035, 143, 145
030 Eastern Asia 7Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  156, Flag of Hong Kong.svg  344, Flag of Japan.svg  392, Flag of North Korea.svg  408, Flag of South Korea.svg  410, Flag of Macau.svg  446, Flag of Mongolia.svg  496
034 Southern Asia 9Flag of Afghanistan (2013-2021).svg  004, Flag of Bangladesh.svg  050, Flag of Bhutan.svg  064, Flag of Sri Lanka.svg  144, Flag of India.svg  356, Flag of Iran.svg  364, Flag of Maldives.svg  462, Flag of Nepal.svg    524, Flag of Pakistan.svg  586
035 South-eastern Asia 11Flag of Brunei.svg  096, Flag of Myanmar.svg  104, Flag of Cambodia.svg  116, Flag of Indonesia.svg  360, Flag of Laos.svg  418, Flag of Malaysia.svg  458, Flag of the Philippines.svg  608, Flag of East Timor.svg  626, Flag of Singapore.svg  702, Flag of Vietnam.svg  704, Flag of Thailand.svg  764
143 Central Asia 5Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  398, Flag of Kyrgyzstan (2023).svg  417, Flag of Tajikistan.svg  762, Flag of Turkmenistan.svg  795, Flag of Uzbekistan.svg  860
145 Western Asia 18Flag of Azerbaijan.svg  031, Flag of Armenia.svg  051, Flag of Bahrain.svg  048, Flag of Cyprus.svg  196, Flag of Georgia.svg  268, Flag of Palestine.svg  275, Flag of Iraq.svg  368, Flag of Israel.svg  376, Flag of Jordan.svg  400, Flag of Kuwait.svg  414, Flag of Lebanon.svg  422, Flag of Oman.svg  512, Flag of Qatar.svg  634, Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  682, Flag of Syria.svg  760, Flag of Turkey.svg  792, Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  784, Flag of Yemen.svg  887
150 Europe 52039, 151, 154, 155
039 Southern Europe 16Flag of Albania.svg  008, Flag of Andorra.svg  020, Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg  070, Flag of Croatia.svg  191, Flag of Gibraltar.svg  292, Flag of Greece.svg  300, Flag of the Vatican City (2023-present).svg  336, Flag of Italy.svg  380, Flag of Malta.svg  470, Flag of Montenegro.svg  499, Flag of Portugal.svg  620, Flag of San Marino.svg  674, Flag of Serbia.svg  688, Flag of Slovenia.svg  705, Flag of Spain.svg  724, Flag of North Macedonia.svg  807
151 Eastern Europe (including Northern Asia)10Flag of Bulgaria.svg  100, Flag of Belarus.svg  112, Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  203, Flag of Hungary.svg  348, Flag of Moldova.svg  498, Flag of Poland.svg  616, Flag of Romania.svg  642, Flag of Russia.svg  643, Flag of Slovakia.svg  703, Flag of Ukraine.svg  804
154 Northern Europe 17Flag of Denmark.svg  208, Flag of Estonia.svg  233, Flag of the Faroe Islands.svg  234, Flag of Finland.svg  246, Flag of Aland.svg  248, Flag of Iceland.svg  352, Flag of Ireland.svg  372, Flag of Latvia.svg  428, Flag of Lithuania.svg  440, Flag of Norway.svg  578, Flag of Norway.svg  744, Flag of Sweden.svg  752, Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  826, Flag of the Isle of Man.svg  833, 830
830 Channel Islands 3Flag of Guernsey.svg  831, Flag of Jersey.svg  832, Flag of Sark.svg  680
155 Western Europe 9Flag of Austria.svg  040, Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  056, Flag of France.svg  250, Flag of Germany.svg  276, Flag of Liechtenstein.svg  438, Flag of Luxembourg.svg  442, Flag of Monaco.svg  492, Flag of the Netherlands.svg  528, Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   756
009 Oceania 29053, 054, 057, 061
053 Australia and New Zealand 6Flag of Australia (converted).svg  036, Flag of Christmas Island.svg  162, Flag of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands.svg  166, Flag of Australia (converted).svg  334, Flag of New Zealand.svg  554, Flag of Norfolk Island.svg  574
054 Melanesia 5Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg  090, Flag of Fiji.svg  242, Flags of New Caledonia.svg  540, Flag of Vanuatu.svg  548, Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg  598
057 Micronesia 8Flag of Kiribati.svg  296, Flag of Guam.svg  316, Flag of Nauru.svg  520, Flag of the Northern Mariana Islands.svg  580, Flag of the United States (DoS ECA Color Standard).svg  581, Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg  583, Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg  584, Flag of Palau.svg  585
061 Polynesia 10Flag of American Samoa.svg  016, Flag of the Cook Islands.svg  184, Flag of French Polynesia.svg  258, Flag of Niue.svg  570, Flag of the Pitcairn Islands.svg  612, Flag of Tokelau.svg  772, Flag of Tonga.svg  776, Flag of Tuvalu.svg  798, Flag of France.svg  876, Flag of Samoa.svg  882
Other groupings
CodeArea
432 Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)
722 Small Island Developing States (SIDS)
199 Least developed countries (LDCs)
Examples of geopolitical entities (countries or territories)
(See also ISO 3166-1 numeric for the complete set)
CodeArea
024 Angola
591 Panama
496 Mongolia
554 New Zealand
756 Switzerland
830 Channel Islands [lower-alpha 2]

Private-use codes and reserved codes

Beside the codes standardized above, the numeric codes 900 to 999 are reserved for private-use in ISO 3166-1 (under agreement by the UNSD) and in the UN M.49 standard. They may be used for any other groupings or subdivision of countries, territories and regions.

Some of these private-use codes may be found in some UN statistics reports and databases, for their own specific purpose. They are not portable across databases from third parties (except through private agreement), and may be changed without notice.

Note that the code 000 is reserved and not used for defining any region. It is used in absence of data, or for data in which no region (not even the World as a whole) is applicable. For unknown or unencoded regions, private-use codes should preferably be used. For example, the Unicode Common Locale Data Repository uses 961 for its grouping Outlying Oceania. [6]

Extensions to M.49

Early editions of M.49 used one- or two-digit prefixes to designate economic regions rather than assigning 3-digit codes. These two digit prefixes were designed to be used to easily aggregate data through the use of prefix matching, and regions could be specified collectively by using the 000 code as a base to which the prefix would be added. [7] For example, by prefixing 13 to Algeria's code, 012, to create the five-digit code 13012, Algeria could be identified as being in North Africa (13000), which is itself in Africa (10000).

One-digit suffixes were also permitted, to specify statistics of subdivisions of countries. [7] For example, by suffixing 5 to the code for the United Kingdom to create the four-digit code 8265, Scotland could be represented as a subdivision of the United Kingdom. Additional suffixes could be used to represent the other constituent units of the UK.

Developed and developing regions

The United Nations Statistics Division classifies economic regions into developed and developing regions for statistical convenience. Although this classification was removed from M49 in December 2021, [8] it is still used by the UNSD and various United Nations reports.

Examples of economic regions
(defined for statistical use only)
CodeArea
  Developed regions
021Northern America
150Europe [lower-alpha 3]
392 Japan
410 Republic of Korea [9] [10]
053Australia and New Zealand
376Israel [lower-alpha 4]
018 Southern Africa [lower-alpha 4]
  Developing regions [lower-alpha 5]
002Africa (sometimes excluding Southern Africa) [lower-alpha 4]
419/019Latin America and the Caribbean / Americas [lower-alpha 6]
029Caribbean
013Central America
005South America
142*Asia (* excluding Japan: 392, the Republic of Korea: 410, and sometimes also Israel: 376) [lower-alpha 4]
009*Oceania (* excluding Australia and New Zealand: 053)
778Transition countries [lower-alpha 7]
172 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
 Transition countries of South-eastern Europe [lower-alpha 8]

Codes no longer in use (obsolete since 1982)

Old CodeOld AreaNew Code(s)
128 Canton and Enderbury Islands [lower-alpha 9] 296
200 Czechoslovakia [lower-alpha 10] 203, 703
720 Democratic Yemen [lower-alpha 11] 887
230 Ethiopia 231, 232
280 Federal Republic of Germany [lower-alpha 12] 276
274 Gaza Strip 275
278 German Democratic Republic [lower-alpha 12] 276
396 Johnston Island [lower-alpha 13] 581
488 Midway Islands [lower-alpha 13] 581
530 Netherlands Antilles [lower-alpha 14] 531, 534, 535
532 Netherlands Antilles [lower-alpha 15] 530, 533
582 Pacific Islands (Trust Territory) [lower-alpha 16] 580, 583, 584, 585
891 Serbia and Montenegro [lower-alpha 17] 499, 688
890 Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia [lower-alpha 18] 070, 191, 705, 807, 891 [lower-alpha 17]
062 South-Central Asia 034, 143
736 Sudan [lower-alpha 19] 728, 729
810 Union of Soviet Socialist Republics [lower-alpha 20] 031, 051, 112, 233, 268, 398, 417, 428, 440, 498, 762, 795, 804, 860
849 United States miscellaneous Pacific Islands [lower-alpha 13] 581
872 Wake Island [lower-alpha 13] 581
886 Yemen [lower-alpha 11] 887

See also

Notes

  1. Through the second revision of M.49 in 1983, changes in territory did not necessarily result in changed codes. [2] Pakistan, for example, retains the code it was assigned in the original 1970 edition of M.49, even though Bangladesh did not separate from Pakistan until 1971 and did not officially receive a code until the first revision of M.49 was released in 1975. [3]
  2. The Channel Islands have never been a single political entity, but a code has been maintained, for statistical use only, in the UN M.49 codification (this grouping has never been encoded in ISO 3166-1, unlike other geopolitical countries or territories), in addition to the newer separate codifications of the Bailiwicks of Jersey and of Guernsey (which were also encoded separately in ISO 3166-1).
  3. Within the developed regions, Europe is sometimes defined with the exception of Transition countries, numerical code 778.
  4. 1 2 3 4 In international trade statistics, the Southern African Customs Union is also treated as a developed region, and Israel as a developed country in Western Asia.
  5. The definition of developing countries is not standardized, but it generally excludes the transition countries.
  6. For some economical analysis, this grouping currently uses the code 019 defined for all Americas, instead of using the code 419 which is assigned to Latin America and the Caribbean
  7. In some reports, the transition countries may be part of developing countries, or will most often be classed separately from developed and developing countries.
  8. The selected economical grouping of transition countries of South-eastern Europe is not encoded in UN M.49, but it currently includes Albania and the countries emerging from the former Yugoslavia (with the exception of Slovenia which is now considered as a developed country), for statistical use only.
  9. Canton and Enderbury Islands (code 128) merged with Kiribati (code 296).
  10. As of 1 January 1993, Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic (code 203) and Slovakia (code 703).
  11. 1 2 Democratic Yemen (numerical code 720) and Yemen (886) merged on 22 May 1990 under the name Yemen (887).
  12. 1 2 The German Democratic Republic (numerical code 278) accessed on 3 October 1990 to the Federal Republic of Germany (280), with effect from 3 October 1990 and have united to form a single country simply designated as "Germany" (276).
  13. 1 2 3 4 United States Minor Outlying Islands (numerical code 581) formed by merging Johnston Island (396), Midway Islands (488), United States Miscellaneous Pacific Islands (849), and Wake Island (872).
  14. The Netherlands Antilles were dissolved in 2010
  15. The Netherlands Antilles (with previous numerical code 532) was split when Aruba (533) was separated from it, and the remaining part was then given the new numerical code 530.
  16. Various districts that composed the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands were split successively from the trusteeship and gained independence to form the Republic of the Marshall Islands (numerical code 584), the Federated States of Micronesia (583), and the Republic of Palau (585). The Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (580) was later set up in political union with the U.S.
  17. 1 2 Serbia and Montenegro (numerical code 891) dissolved on 3 June 2006 into 2 independent countries: Montenegro (499) and Serbia (688).
  18. Prior to 1 January 1992, the same numerical code 890 referred to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which was composed of six republics, before the independence of Slovenia (705), Croatia (191), Bosnia and Herzegovina (070), and the Republic of Macedonia (807); the remaining Yugoslav Federation was then dissolved and renamed to form the Federation of Serbia and Montenegro (891, now also dissolved).
  19. South Sudan (numerical code 728) became independent from Sudan (736) on July 9, 2011. The remaining part of Sudan was given the new numerical code 729.
  20. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics dissolved in 1991 into 15 independent countries:

Citations

  1. United Nations 1996, p. 2.
  2. United Nations 1982, p. vi.
  3. United Nations 1975, p. 1.
  4. United Nations 1970; Jensen et al. 1991.
  5. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-11-11. Retrieved 2012-04-17.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. Davis, Mark (2023-10-25). "Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML)". unicode.org. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  7. 1 2 United Nations 1970, p. 4.
  8. "Standard country or area codes for statistical use (M49)". United Nations Statistics Division. Retrieved June 7, 2022. There is no definition of developing and developed countries (or areas) within the UN system. However, in 1996 the distinction between "Developed regions" and "Developing regions" was introduced to the Standard country or area codes for statistical use (known as M49). These groupings were intended solely for statistical convenience at the time and did not express a judgement about any country' or area's stage of development. Over time the use of the distinction between "Developed regions" and "Developing regions", including in the flagship publications of the United Nations, has diminished. Since 2017, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) report and the statistical annex to the Secretary General's annual report on SDGs progress uses only geographic regions without referring to the two groupings of developed and developing regions. Therefore, following consultation with other international and supranational organizations active in official statistics, the "Developed regions" and "Developing regions" were removed from the "Other groupings" of the M49 in December 2021.
  9. "Classification of developed and developing regions – historical and updated (.xlsx)". unstats.un.org. Retrieved 24 January 2023.
  10. "Trade and Development Report 2023" (PDF). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. pp. 8, 16, 20, 151.

Related Research Articles

A country code is a short alphanumeric identification code for countries and dependent areas. Its primary use is in data processing and communications. Several identification systems have been developed.

ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions. The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Postal code</span> Series of letters and digits for sorting mail

A postal code is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.

ISO 3166-3 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for country names which have been deleted from ISO 3166-1 since its first publication in 1974. The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 3: Code for formerly used names of countries. It was first published in 1999.

ISO 3166-1 is a standard defining codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. It is the first part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization.

ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes are three-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166-1, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), to represent countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. They allow a better visual association between the codes and the country names than the two-letter alpha-2 codes. They were first included as part of the ISO 3166 standard in its first edition in 1974.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ISO 3166-1 alpha-2</span> Two-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166-1

ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes are two-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166-1, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), to represent countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. They are the most widely used of the country codes published by ISO, and are used most prominently for the Internet's country code top-level domains. They are also used as country identifiers extending the postal code when appropriate within the international postal system for paper mail, and have replaced the previous one consisting one-letter codes. They were first included as part of the ISO 3166 standard in its first edition in 1974.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Svalbard and Jan Mayen</span> Two parts of Norway under separate jurisdictions

Svalbard and Jan Mayen is a statistical designation defined by ISO 3166-1 for a collective grouping of two remote jurisdictions of Norway: Svalbard and Jan Mayen. While the two are combined for the purposes of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) category, they are not administratively related. This has further resulted in the country code top-level domain .sj being issued for Svalbard and Jan Mayen, and ISO 3166-2:SJ. The United Nations Statistics Division also uses this code, but has named it the Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands.

These are data codes for Switzerland.

A geocode is a code that represents a geographic entity. It is a unique identifier of the entity, to distinguish it from others in a finite set of geographic entities. In general the geocode is a human-readable and short identifier.

ISO 3166-1 numeric codes are three-digit country codes defined in ISO 3166-1, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), to represent countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. They are similar to the three-digit country codes developed and maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division, from which they originate in its UN M.49 standard. They were first included as part of the ISO 3166 standard in its second edition in 1981, but they were released by the United Nations Statistics Division since as early as 1970.

ISO 3166-2:DK is the entry for Denmark in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Taiwan, China</span> Controversial term for Taiwan as part of China

"Taiwan, China", "Taiwan, Province of China", and "Taipei, China" are controversial political terms that claim Taiwan and its associated territories as a province or territory of the People's Republic of China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations geoscheme</span> UN system for grouping the worlds 248 countries and territories into regions and subregions

The United Nations geoscheme is a system which divides 248 countries and territories in the world into six continental regions, 22 geographical subregions, and two intermediary regions. It was devised by the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) based on the M49 coding classification. The creators note that "the assignment of countries or areas to specific groupings is for statistical convenience and does not imply any assumption regarding political or other affiliation of countries or territories".

An IETF BCP 47 language tag is a standardized code that is used to identify human languages on the Internet. The tag structure has been standardized by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in Best Current Practice (BCP) 47; the subtags are maintained by the IANA Language Subtag Registry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations geoscheme for Oceania</span>

The United Nations geoscheme for Oceania is an internal tool created and used by the UN's Statistics Division (UNSD) for the specific purpose of UN statistics.

The FAO geopolitical ontology is an ontology developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to describe, manage and exchange data related to geopolitical entities such as countries, territories, regions and other similar areas.

The FAO Country Profiles is a multilingual web portal that repackages the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) information archive on its global activities in agriculture and food security in a single area and catalogues it exclusively by country and thematic areas.

References