University of Chile

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University of Chile
Universidad de Chile
Coat of arms of the University of Chile.svg
Type Public
EstablishedJuly 28, 1738;285 years ago (1738-07-28) (as the Royal University of San Felipe)
November 19, 1842;181 years ago (1842-11-19) (re-establishment)
Academic affiliation
 McDonnell International Scholars Academy
President Rosa Devés Alessandri
Academic staff
3,675
Students43,779 [1]
Undergraduates 33,910 [2]
Postgraduates 9,869 [3]
Location
Santiago
,
RM
,
Chile
CampusCampus Andrés Bello
Campus Beauchef
Campus Juan Gómez Millas
Campus Norte
Campus Sur
MascotChuncho (Austral pygmy owl)
Website uchile.cl

The University of Chile (Spanish : Universidad de Chile) is a public research university in Santiago, Chile. It was founded on November 19, 1842, and inaugurated on September 17, 1843. [4] It is the oldest in the country. It was established as the continuation of the former colonial Royal University of San Felipe (1738) [5] (Spanish: Real Universidad de San Felipe), and has a rich history in academic, scientific and social outreach. The university seeks to solve national and regional issues and to contribute to the development of Chile. It is recognized as one of the best universities in Latin America for its leadership and innovation in science, technology, social sciences, and arts through the functions of creation, extension, teaching, and research. It is considered the most important and prestigious university in the country.

Contents

Its five campuses comprise more than 3.1 square kilometres (1.2 sq mi) of research buildings, health care centers, museums, theaters, observatories, and sports infrastructure. [6] The institution has more than 40,000 undergraduate and graduate students, offering more than 60 different bachelor and professional degrees, 38 doctoral programs and 116 master programs. [7]

Notable alumni include Nobel laureates Pablo Neruda and Gabriela Mistral, twenty-one Chilean presidents including the current president Gabriel Boric, and two presidents from other countries (Mexico and Ecuador). [8]

Rankings and quality accreditation

University rankings
Global – Overall
ARWU World [9] 401-500 (2022)
CWUR World [10] 438 (2023)
CWTS World [11] 482 (2023)
QS World [12] =159 (2024)
THE World [13] 1001–1200 (2023)
USNWR Global [14] 400 (2022-23)
Regional – Overall
QS Latin America [15] 3 (2023)
THE Latin America [16] 9 (2020)
USNWR Latin America [17] 4 (2022-23)


The QS University Ranking ranks the University of Chile as the fourth in Latin America and 180 in the world for year 2021. The school boasts an outstanding 100 points in both Academic and Employer Reputation categories. [18] The world ranking of universities, elaborated by Shanghai JiaoTong University (China) and the European Union based on research sciences indicators, places it among the 400 best universities in the world. [19] SCImago Institutions Rankings (SIR) makes a characterization of institutions based on research, innovation and visibility on the web, and in 2017 report on investigation, which included more than 4,500 institutions of higher education and other centers in the world, the University of Chile ranked first in Chile, 10 in Latin America and 424 in the world. [20]

Another study which highlights the performance of this institution is the Ranking Web of Universities (Webometrics), which measures the presence and impact on the web of over 11,000 universities and qualifies this college as leader of the country, six in Latin America and 371 worldwide. [21]

In the 2016 version of the ranking made by AméricaEconomía, University of Chile was ranked first in Chile with the top rating in quality indicators of research, accreditation, infrastructure and inclusion. [22]

Accreditation

On December 21, 2011, the University of Chile was notified by the National Accreditation Commission (CNA) of the positive evaluation in all obligatory areas (institutional management and undergraduate teaching) and electives (research, teaching graduate and linkage with medium). Thus the university is accredited by seven years, the maximum awarded by the agency, for the period between 2011 and 2018. [23]

The University of Chile, the Catholic University, University of Santiago, Catholic University of Valparaíso and the University of Concepción are the only institutions in this country that have the highest accreditation.

History

Andres Bello, founder and first president of the institution AndresBello cropped.png
Andrés Bello, founder and first president of the institution
Main House in 1872 U de Chile 1872.jpg
Main House in 1872

In 1841 the minister of public education, Manuel Montt, conceived the idea of funding a corporation for the "advancement and development of sciences and humanities". Andrés Bello a Venezuelan poet and humanist, formulated the project which with small modifications became a law on November 19, 1842, creating the Universidad de Chile. [4]

The foundation answered the need to modernize the country which a little more than two decades before had become independent from Spain. It replaced the Real Universidad de San Felipe, which was established in 1738. [5]

The university was formally opened on September 17, 1843. During this period, the university consisted of five faculties (facultades): Humanities & Philosophy, Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Law & Political Sciences, Medicine, and Theology. During its first years the university gave considerable support to education, institutional organization (such as the "Civil Code", a model for America), the building of the road network to join the territory, and the energy and production infrastructure.

By 1931, the number of colleges had increased to six: Philosophy & Education Sciences, Legal & Social Sciences, Biology & Medical Sciences, Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Agronomy & Veterinary, and Fine Arts.

The institution has also contributed to the formation of the intellectual elites and leaders of the country. Most of the Chilean presidents have studied in its lecture halls, as well as people with prominent roles in politics, business and culture.

Major reforms during the military regime of 1973–1989

During Augusto Pinochet's military regime from 1973 to 1989, the university experienced many profound changes. On October 2, 1973, Decree number 50 of 1973 stated that the university's presidents would be designated by the military regime. [24]

The second major change came on January 3, 1981, when another decree completely restructured the university. All of its provincial campuses were separated, [25] cojoined with provincial campuses of the Universidad Técnica del Estado (now Universidad de Santiago de Chile and Universidad de Atacama) and designated as separate universities, such as the Universidad de Talca, Universidad de Valparaiso, the Instituto Pedagógico (Pedagogical Institute, now the Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación), the Universidad de Antofagasta, the Universidad de Tarapacá, Instituto Professional de Osorno (now Universidad de los Lagos), Instituto Professional de Chillán (now Universidad del Bío-Bío), Universidad de la Frontera, and Universidad de la Serena. Some faculties, such as the one located in avenida Portugal and which now belongs to the Universidad Mayor, were privatized and sold at bargain prices to Pinochet cronies.

These changes were orchestrated by influential advisors to the dictatorship as a way to moderate the university's influence on the nation's politics, economics, public policies and intellectual movements, considered leftist by Augusto Pinochet and other right-wing government officials.

In spite of the complete restructuring of the University of Chile, it still remains Chile's most prestigious university in terms of research, applicant preferences and social impact.[ citation needed ]

Organization

The university's community involves the collaboration of academics, students and staff, who perform the tasks that establish its mission and functions.

Government

Vice presidencies

The University of Chile is organized into six vice presidencies (Vicerrectorías): [26]

Faculty and institutes [27]

Faculty of Economics and Business Tecnoaulas Building at night Fen nocturna.jpg
Faculty of Economics and Business Tecnoaulas Building at night
School of Medicine, North Campus FacmedUCh PC02.jpg
School of Medicine, North Campus

Currently there are 19 faculties and four interdisciplinary institutes which perform academic tasks undergraduate, graduate, research and extension.

Academic information

The University of Chile offers undergraduate and graduate programs in all areas of knowledge, whose quality has been recognized by the National Accreditation Commission with the maximum score in both areas (2011–2018). [28]

Undergraduate

The university has a total of 69 study programs, 55 of which are conducive to professional degrees and 14 degrees terminales. Alongside this imparts the Academic Bachelor's Program, which reports directly to the Vice Presidencies of Academic Affairs. [29]

The admission to the programs is through a selection test (Prueba de Selección Universitaria) or the Academic Bachelor's Program. The university also offers special admission to outstanding athletes, blind students, people with media studies in other countries, ethnic agreements, internal career changes and people with studies in other schools. [30]

Alongside this the institution implemented in 2012 an exclusive way of admission called the Sistema de Ingreso Prioritario de Equidad (SIPEE) for students of public system with special vacancies in all careers. Also, in 2014 the Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences initiated the Programa de Equidad de Género (PEG) [31] with special vacancies for the first 40 women applicants who remain on the waiting list.

Graduate

The University of Chile has the largest and most complex postgraduate system in the country, formed with 36 doctoral programs, 116 master's programs, 38 graduate programs and 69 specialized courses. [32]

Research

Chemistry laboratory Laboratorio Quimica U de Chile.jpg
Chemistry laboratory

Basic research projects

The University of Chile is the main Chilean institution in scientific and technological research. It is responsible for a third of the scientific publications and also for the implementation of a high percentage of competitive research projects in most academic fields, including basic sciences, technologies, humanities, social sciences and arts. [33]

Applied research projects

Projects funded by the Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FONDEF): 30 projects currently ongoing, in the areas of Education, Health, Engineering and Agriculture, Forestry and Animal Sciences. Financed by CORFO (Corporation for Fostering Production): [34]

Campuses and infrastructure

School of Engineering Entrance in Beauchef Campus. The Bello orthography used in it was developed by Andres Bello. FrontisEscueladeInjenieria.jpg
School of Engineering Entrance in Beauchef Campus. The Bello orthography used in it was developed by Andrés Bello.

The university has 3,168,373 m2 of urban land, 648,502 m2 of built land in use and 103,884,600 hectares of agricultural land. [35]

Campuses

The institution has five campuses, all distributed within the metropolitan area.

Main House. Casa Central de la Universidad de Chile.jpg
Main House.

Main House

In 1872 this emblematic building was opened, with neoclassical frontage that spans in the Alameda Bernardo O'Higgins in Santiago's downtown. The design is the work of Lucien Ambroise Hénault, and Fermín Vivaceta was in charge of the construction.

Libraries and digital resources

The catalog has more than 3 million books, journals, theses and other bibliographic records available to 48 libraries of the university. The libraries are distributed in 27,536 square meters, where there are 5.278 reading places and 1.082 computers for use of the university community. [35] The Digital Library [36] provides access to over 50,000,000 documents: books, theses, journals and articles, and digitized historical value as maps, manuscripts, sheet music, crafts, photographs, audio and movies objects

The electronic publications of the University of Chile are freely accessible through the institutional repository, [37] academic journals [38] and e-book portal. [39]

Culture

Through the stable artistic sets of Extension Center Arts and Culture "Domingo Santa Cruz" (CEAC), museums, exhibition halls and theaters University performs dissemination and extension work. [40]

Ballet Nacional Chileno (BANCH) Banch by La pollera.jpg
Ballet Nacional Chileno (BANCH)

Performing arts

Museums and galleries

Theaters

Significant facts

Caracolas (shells) collection donated by Pablo Neruda in the Central Archive Andres Bello Caracolas de Neruda.jpg
Caracolas (shells) collection donated by Pablo Neruda in the Central Archive Andrés Bello

The University of Chile is in charge of a variety of nationwide services and institutions, including:

There are more than twenty other centres of national and international importance.

Anthem

Notable alumni

Many intellectuals and prominent Chilean leaders have graduated, or done academic work, from this university. Among them are 21 presidents of the Republic of Chile, 3 presidents of other Latin American countries, 172 Chilean National Award recipients and two Nobel laureates. [54]

The university granted the academic title of Spanish Professor in 1923 to Gabriela Mistral, although her formal education ended before she was 12 years old. Gabriela Mistral 1945.jpg
The university granted the academic title of Spanish Professor in 1923 to Gabriela Mistral, although her formal education ended before she was 12 years old.

Nobel laureates

Presidents of Chile

Presidents of other countries

Notable professors

See also

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References

  1. ↑ Universidad de Chile. "Anuario 2019".
  2. ↑ Universidad de Chile. "Anuario 2019".
  3. ↑ Universidad de Chile. "Anuario 2019".
  4. 1 2 Fuentes documentales y bibliográficas para el estudio de la historia de Chile. Capítulo III: "La Universidad de Chile 1842 – 1879". 1. La ley orgánica de 1842 www.uchile.cl
  5. 1 2 Reseña histórica de la Universidad de Chile, "Pilar Republicano". www.uchile.cl
  6. ↑ Hechos y cifras de la Universidad de Chile: "Infraestructura y tecnología". www.uchile.cl
  7. ↑ Hechos y cifras de la Universidad de Chile: "Pregrado y postgrado". www.uchile.cl
  8. ↑ Hechos y cifras de la Universidad de Chile: "Grandes figuras y egresados". www.uchile.cl
  9. ↑ "Academic Ranking of World Universities – 2022". Shanghai Jiaotong University. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
  10. ↑ "CWUR World University Rankings - 2023". CWUR. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
  11. ↑ "CWTS Leiden Ranking – 2020". Leiden University. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
  12. ↑ "QS World University Rankings - 2024". Top Universities. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
  13. ↑ "World University Rankings 2023". Times Higher Education. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
  14. ↑ "USNWR World Rankings - 2022-23". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
  15. ↑ "QS Latin American University Rankings - 2023". Top Universities. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
  16. ↑ "2023 Latin America University Rankings". Times Higher Education. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
  17. ↑ "2022-23 Best Global Universities in Latin America". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
  18. ↑ "Universidad de Chile". Top Universities. Retrieved August 9, 2017.
  19. ↑ "2016 World University Rankings – Academic Ranking of World Universities" . Retrieved August 9, 2017.
  20. ↑ "Scimago Research Rankings".
  21. ↑ "Chile" . Retrieved August 9, 2017.
  22. ↑ "Mejores Universidades de Chile 2016" . Retrieved August 9, 2017.
  23. ↑ "Reacreditación institucional – Universidad de Chile" . Retrieved June 3, 2015.
  24. ↑ Baeza Correa, Jorge (2004). "Referencias para un análisis del discurso del gobierno militar chileno sobre el movimiento estudiantil universitario: 1973-1980". Literatura y lingüística (15). doi: 10.4067/S0716-58112004001500015 .
  25. ↑ Francisco Javier Pinedo Castro. "El nacimiento de una Universidad en el valle central y la amputación de las sedes regionales de la U. de Chile: El caso de la U. de Talca". Revista Anales, Séptima serie n°4, noviembre 2012. Pág 73 y 63 www.anales.uchile.cl
  26. 1 2 Government and authorities www.uchile.cl
  27. ↑ "English version - Universidad de Chile". uchile.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  28. 1 2 General information www.uchile.cl
  29. ↑ Undergraduate programs www.uchile.cl
  30. ↑ Requisitos generales de postulación www.uchile.cl
  31. ↑ "El Mercurio Revista Seguridad y Control". Archived from the original on October 4, 2018. Retrieved June 3, 2015.
  32. ↑ Graduate programs www.uchile.cl
  33. ↑ Basic research projects www.uchile.cl
  34. ↑ Applied research projects www.uchile.cl
  35. 1 2 Infrastructure, equipment and services www.uchile.cl
  36. ↑ "Biblioteca digital de la Universidad de Chile" . Retrieved August 9, 2017.
  37. ↑ "Repositorio Académico – Universidad de Chile" . Retrieved June 3, 2015.
  38. ↑ "Portal de Revistas Académicas de la Universidad de Chile" . Retrieved June 3, 2015.
  39. ↑ "Portal de Libros Electrónicos – Universidad de Chile" . Retrieved June 3, 2015.
  40. ↑ Arte y cultura www.uchile.cl
  41. ↑ Memoria chilena, Eloísa Díaz y Amanda Labarca www.memoriachilena.cl
  42. ↑ 170 aniversario, Primeras mujeres universitarias. [ permanent dead link ] www.uchile.cl
  43. ↑ Educarchile, Amanda Labarca. Archived December 8, 2014, at the Wayback Machine www.educarchile.cl
  44. ↑ Presentación de la Universidad de Chile, grandes figuras, premios nacionales "Gabriela Mistral" www.uchile.cl
  45. ↑ Grandes figuras, Premio Nobel “Gabriela Mistral y la Universidad de Chile” www.uchile.cl
  46. ↑ Camino a Gabriela Mistral, "Vida 1945–1957 www.caminoagabrielamistral.cl
  47. ↑ "Oración del Rector de la Universidad de Chile, don Juan Gómez Millas" 21 de enero de 1957 www.uchile.cl
  48. ↑ Grandes figuras, Premio Nobel “Pablo Neruda como estudiante” www.uchile.cl
  49. ↑ Donación de los libros y caracolas del poeta, a la Universidad de Chile www.neruda.uchile.cl
  50. ↑ La historia del primer e-mail chileno Archived April 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine www.latercera.com
  51. ↑ Eolian: Primer auto solar chileno parte a la World Solar Challenge Archived April 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine www.fayerwayer.com
  52. ↑ Ganadores del Premio Nobel de Física reconocen aporte investigadores CATA en la astronomía Archived July 10, 2017, at the Wayback Machine www.cata.cl
  53. ↑ Investigación en cifras www.uchile.cl
  54. ↑ "General information" . Retrieved June 3, 2015.
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