Author | International Organization for Migration |
---|---|
Country | Switzerland |
Language | English, Spanish, French, Chinese, Arabic, and Russian |
Published | Biannually since 2000 |
No. of books | 11 |
Website | www |
The flagship publication series of the International Organization for Migration, the World Migration Report presents data and information on human migration together with analysis of complex and emerging migration issues.
Released biennially, the World Migration Report 2022 is the eleventh edition in the series.
The World Migration Report was first published by IOM in 2000 with the aim of promoting "a better understanding of the main migratory movements that are occurring across the globe". The first edition sought to achieve this aim by providing "an authoritative account of contemporary trends, issues, and problems in the field of international migration", presenting together a "review of trends in international migration in each major region of the world" with "a discussion of some of the main migration policy issues facing the international community". [1]
The subsequent seven editions, published between 2003 and 2015, were published with specific thematic interests. The 2018 edition of the World Migration Report, the first published by IOM as the United Nations' Migration Agency, restructured the report into two parts. The first part provides "key information on migration and migrants" through an exploration of the statistical data available on migration. The second part features several chapters that each feature a "balanced, evidence-based analysis of complex and emerging migration issues". [2]
The World Migration Report 2022, the eleventh in the series, retains the same structure as its predecessors, and has the aim "to set out in clear and accurate terms the changes occurring in migration and mobility globally". [3] The first part of the report consists of four chapters, which provide updated migration statistics at the global and regional levels, while the second part considers the following thematic migration issues different to those in previous reports: [4]
The World Migration Report 2020, the tenth in the series, similarly has the aim of contributing to increased understanding of migration throughout the world. The first four chapters are the same as in the 2018 edition, which provide updated migration statistics at the global and regional levels, while the second part considers a range of different migration issues: [5] [6]
Unlike the seven preceding reports which centered around a specific theme, the World Migration Report 2018 seeks to provide "both overview information that helps to explain migration patterns and processes, as well as insights and recommendations on major issues that policymakers are or will soon be grappling with". [7]
The first part of the report consists of four chapters produced institutionally by IOM. It draws primarily upon analyses by IOM experts, practitioners and officials around the world, and compiles a wealth of data, information, and analysis with the aim of increasing the understanding of migration at both the global and regional levels. Conversely, the second part is authored by applied and academic researchers working on migration and mobility, and presents balanced, evidence-based analyses of complex and emerging migration issues. Specifically, the second section comprises the following chapters: [2]
The seven editions of the World Migration Report released between 2003 and 2015 are organised around a core theme:
Like the most recent editions of the World Migration Report, the 2000 edition is divided into two parts.
The first examines the scale of migration and characteristics of international migrants, including: the types of movements underway; the factors which contribute to migration; and the policy issues associated with these trends. In nine separate chapters, the second part reviews migration trends and recent policy developments in the major migration regions of the world. Alongside this discussion is an analysis of the integration of migrants, the consequences of irregular migration, and the extent of interregional cooperation between states. [1]
The World Migration Report 2022 has been mentioned it in several media outlets across the world such as the East African, France 24, La Nación, Associated Press (AP), the Independent, among others. [15] [16] [17] [18] [19]
Media outlets such as CNN Español, the World Economic Forum and Reuters have published articles that utilize the World Migration Report 2020 as a resource to discuss contemporary migration trends. [20] [21] [22]
The World Migration Report 2018 has been referenced in a wide range of peer-reviewed research outputs. The report has featured in articles released in the academic journal The Lancet on five occasions, [23] [24] [25] as well as books released by Cambridge University Press [26] and Oxford University Press. [27] It has also been attributed as a source in reports produced by the Finnish government [28] and Save the Children, [29] The SAGE Handbook of International Migration, [30] the United Nation's 2018 World Happiness Report [31] and an Oxford Research Encyclopedia focusing on migrants and refugees in Africa. [32]
In their guide "Immigration Data Matters," the Migration Policy Institute recommended the report as a source of "current and historical estimates of international migrants by destination and/or origin." [33]
The 2018 Report was employed as a fact-checking resource against xenophobic claims on social media. [34]
The World Migration Report 2022 is the eleventh edition of the International Organization for Migration's flagship World Migration Report publication series. The report explores recent developments in migration and mobility globally and was released on 1 December 2021 at the 112th Session of the IOM Council. [35]
The World Migration Report 2022 has 12 chapters, the first of which presents an overview of the report and discusses how technological, geopolitical and environmental transformations will shape migration and mobility in the future. The other 11 chapters aim to inform current and future policy deliberations and discussions by providing a clear identification of the key issues, a critical overview of relevant research and analysis and a discussion of the implications for future research and policymaking. [36]
Chapter 2 draws upon global sources of data to provide an overview of key figures and trends regarding the stocks and flows of international migrants, as well as remittances. After an initial review of overall migrant stocks and flows, the chapter looks at these trends for specific migrant groups, including migrant workers, refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced persons and stateless persons. [37]
Chapter 3 focuses on key regional dimensions of, and developments in, migration in six world regions: Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, Northern America, and Oceania. An overview and brief discussion of key population-related statistics, and a description of "key features and developments" in migration, is provided for each of these regions. [38]
Chapter 4 conducts a comprehensive review of the migration research and analysis produced by the United Nations system. This includes the United Nations Network on Migration as part of supporting the ongoing implementation of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration, the Global Compact on Refugees and the Sustainable Development Goals. [39]
Focusing on the first year of COVID-19, Chapter 5 examines the impacts of the pandemic on migration and mobility. It puts a particular emphasis on migrants' immobility and vulnerabilities. [40]
Chapter 6 analyses the interaction between conflict, instability and insecurity; development; and migration. Drawing upon existing evidence, it illustrates that instability or conflict feed negatively on development and consequently drive displacement, asylum-seeking and unsafe migration. [41]
Analyzing a range of statistical data and drawing upon some of the existing body of research on migration determinants and decision-making, the seventh chapter attempts to shed light on the key questions of "who migrates internationally and where do they go?" [42]
Chapter 8 focuses on factors shaping disinformation about migration in terms of society, politics, media and technology. Best practices in building public resilience to disinformation and the major insights from current research are reviewed. The chapter highlights major gaps in our understanding of disinformation and the current barriers to advancing this work. [43]
Chapter 9 examines migration in the context of the slow-onset impacts of climate change. In this area – where policy and knowledge gaps remain – it discusses some of the key challenges associated with understanding and taking action on slow-onset climate impacts and migration issues. Moreover, it analyses how migration policy and practice can play a role in responding to some of the most pressing challenges. [44]
By looking at available data on migrant victims of human trafficking and traffickers, Chapter 10 examines current trafficking trends and patterns. Furthermore, current challenges and promising avenues for the prevention of trafficking of migrants, including the prosecution of traffickers, the protection of victims and cooperation in counter-trafficking efforts are discussed. [45]
Through the prism of the existing international human rights framework of rules, standards and principles, Chapter 11 discusses the implications of artificial intelligence for migration policy and practice. It emphasizes the potential for human rights to be eroded – or bolstered – as a result of the design, development, implementation and expansion of artificial intelligence technologies around the world. [46]
The twelfth and final chapter gives an update on a chapter in the World Migration Report 2020 on migrants' contributions in an era of increasing disruption and disinformation. With COVID-19 disinformation, the massive challenges concerning balanced and accurate accounts of migrants' contributions has only become worse, which is why this chapter delves deeper into this topic and expands on the analysis provided in the 2020 edition. [47]
Upon release, the 2022 World Migration Report received widespread praise.
At the launch of the report, several IOM member states made positive statements. The Australian government noted that the report provided "important clarity on global migration issues during a challenging time in our collective histories". The Government of Eswatini said that the World Migration Report "has helped governments to manage migration more effectively by providing accurate, reliable, and rigorous information and analysis on key migration topics". The Government of Moldova equally welcomed "the evidence-based analysis of complex and emerging migration issues". [48]
The report was also well received by newspapers, academics and think tanks. An editorial in the Associated Press said that the report delivered a "vast compendium of the latest trends in human movement of all types". [49]
Jacqueline Bhabha, Professor at Harvard University, commented on the World Migration Report's encyclopedic nature, noting how it was "excellent, so well written, so lucid and clearly presented and so well focused on cutting edge topics". Ahmet İçduygu, Professor at Koç University, similarly recognized that even experienced researchers in the field of migration "learn something new" when reading the report. Similar praise was given by Erol Yayboke of the Center for Strategic and International Studies, who coins the report a "seminal tome of global migration updates". [48]
The report is a highly collaborative venture, drawing on expertise of IOM staff specialising in migration programme delivery, policy development and migration research and analysis, as well as leading migration researchers from around the world. The report was peer reviewed by IOM experts and senior migration academics, including: [50]
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is the principal United Nations agency working in the field of migration. The organization implements operational assistance programmes for migrants, including internally displaced persons, refugees, and migrant workers.
The United Nations itself has six principal organs established by the Charter of the United Nations.
Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another with intentions of settling, permanently or temporarily, at a new location.
Forced displacement is an involuntary or coerced movement of a person or people away from their home or home region. The UNHCR defines 'forced displacement' as follows: displaced "as a result of persecution, conflict, generalized violence or human rights violations".
Environmental migrants are people who are forced to leave their home region due to sudden or long-term changes to their local or regional environment. These changes compromise their well-being or livelihood, and include increased drought, desertification, sea level rise, and disruption of seasonal weather patterns. Though there is no uniform, clear-cut definition of environmental migration, the idea is gaining attention as policy-makers and environmental and social scientists attempt to conceptualize the potential social effects of climate change and other environmental degradation, such a deforestation or overexploitation.
African immigrants in Europe are individuals residing in Europe who were born in Africa. This includes both individuals born in North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa.
Circular migration or repeat migration is the temporary and usually repetitive movement of a migrant worker between home and host areas, typically for the purpose of employment. It represents an established pattern of population mobility, whether cross-country or rural-urban. There are several benefits associated with this migration pattern, including gains in financial capital, human capital, and social capital. There are also costs associated with circular migration, such as brain drain, poor working conditions, forced labor, and the inability to transfer acquired skills to home economies. Socially, there are strong connections to gender, health outcomes, development, poverty, and global immigration policy.
Ayman Zohry is a demographer/geographer and expert on migration studies based in Cairo, Egypt. He was born in Souhag, Egypt. Zohry received his Ph.D. from the University of Sussex in 2002. He is a leading researcher in the field of migration studies in Egypt with a special focus on irregular migration.
International migration occurs when people cross state boundaries and stay in the host state for some minimum length of the time. Migration occurs for many reasons. Many people leave their home countries in order to look for economic opportunities in another country. Others migrate to be with family members who have migrated or because of political conditions in their countries. Education is another reason for international migration, as students pursue their studies abroad, although this migration is sometimes temporary, with a return to the home country after the studies are completed.
The Metropolis Project is an international network of researchers, policy-makers, international organizations and civil society organizations for the development of comparative research and policy-relevant knowledge on migration, diversity, and immigrant integration in cities in Canada and around the world.
Internal migration or domestic migration is human migration within a country. Internal migration tends to be travel for education and for economic improvement or because of a natural disaster or civil disturbance, though a study based on the full formal economy of the United States found that the median post-move rise in income was only 1%.
The Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research is a German government-funded research institute addressing crucial scientific questions in the fields of global change, climate impacts, and sustainable development. Ranked among the top environmental think tanks worldwide, it is one of the leading research institutions and part of a global network of scientific and academic institutions working on questions of global environmental change. It is a member of the Leibniz Association, whose institutions perform research on subjects of high relevance to society.
The State Migration Service of Azerbaijan Republic is a governmental agency within the Cabinet of Azerbaijan in charge of regulation of activities the sphere of migration taking in consideration issues of national security and stable social-economic and demographic development in Azerbaijan Republic. The committee is headed by Vusal Huseynov.
During the period of 1965 - 2021, an estimated 440,000 people per year emigrated from Africa; a total number of 17 million migrants within Africa was estimated for 2005. The figure of 0.44 million African emigrants per year pales in comparison to the annual population growth of about 2.6%, indicating that only about 2% of Africa's population growth is compensated for by emigration.
The Global Forum on Migration and Development Civil Society Days is an annual meeting of civil society representatives held in conjunction with the Government Meeting of the Global Forum on Migration and Development.
Eric Neumayer is a professor of Environment and Development at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) and is Pro-Director of Faculty Development. He holds a Diplom in Economics from Saarland University, a Master of Science and PhD in Development Studies from LSE, awarded by the University of London. In 2003, he was awarded a Philip Leverhulme Prize in Geography. He is an Associate of the Center for the Study of Civil War at the Peace Research Institute Oslo.
Climate migration is a subset of climate-related mobility that refers to movement driven by the impact of sudden or gradual climate-exacerbated disasters, such as "abnormally heavy rainfalls, prolonged droughts, desertification, environmental degradation, or sea-level rise and cyclones". Gradual shifts in the environment tend to impact more people than sudden disasters. The majority of climate migrants move internally within their own countries, though a smaller number of climate-displaced people also move across national borders.
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Paris Agreement, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) are connected through their common goals of addressing global challenges and promoting sustainable development through policies and international cooperation.
North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa are two distinct yet interconnected regions that share a multitude of cultural, religious, economic, migrational, political, and other societal components that affect the cross-regional relationship between both respective continental zones. While there is not one singular standardized definition as to which countries constitute either region, North Africa is broadly defined as the northern portion of Africa encompassing Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt, with Western Sahara and Sudan occasionally included. In contrast, sub-Saharan Africa generally refers to the states and territories which lie fully or partially to the south of the Sahara Desert. The shared ties between both regions derive from a variety of elements, including: traditional religious and cultural linkages, joint economic and developmental interests, intra-regional migration between countries of both areas, and evolving political and diplomatic relations between states.
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