List of Central European countries by development indexes

Last updated

World map of countries by Human Development Index categories in increments of 0.050 (based on 2017 data, published on 14 September 2018): .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} >= 0.900 0.850-0.899 0.800-0.849 0.750-0.799 0.700-0.749 0.650-0.699 0.600-0.649 0.550-0.599 0.500-0.549 0.450-0.499 0.400-0.449 <= 0.399 Data unavailable Countries by Human Development Index (2018).png
World map of countries by Human Development Index categories in increments of 0.050 (based on 2017 data, published on 14 September 2018):
  ≥ 0.900
  0.850–0.899
  0.800–0.849
  0.750–0.799
  0.700–0.749
  0.650–0.699
  0.600–0.649
  0.550–0.599
  0.500–0.549
  0.450–0.499
  0.400–0.449
  ≤ 0.399
  Data unavailable
World map representing Human Development Index categories (based on 2017 data, published in 2018): 0.800-1.000 (very high) 0.700-0.799 (high) 0.555-0.699 (medium) 0.350-0.554 (low) Data unavailable 2018 UN Human Development Report.svg
World map representing Human Development Index categories (based on 2017 data, published in 2018):
  0.800–1.000 (very high)
  0.700–0.799 (high)
  0.555–0.699 (medium)
  0.350–0.554 (low)
  Data unavailable

This is a partial list of Central European countries by development indexes such as the Globalisation index, Human Development Index, Press Freedom Index, Legatum Prosperity Index, EF English Proficiency Index, and other statistical measures and rankings.

Contents

The concept of what countries belong to Central Europe is not well-defined, so tables or lists below may show different countries listed.

Economy

Human Development Index

World map by quartiles of Human Development Index in 2013: Very High Low High Data unavailable Medium 2013 UN Human Development Report Quartiles.svg
World map by quartiles of Human Development Index in 2013:
  Very High
  Low
  High
  Data unavailable
  Medium

Countries in descending order of Human Development Index (2018 data):

Globalisation

Map showing the score for the KOF Globalization Index Globalization Index.svg
Map showing the score for the KOF Globalization Index

The index of globalization in Central European countries (2016 data): [2]

Prosperity Index

Legatum Prosperity Index demonstrates an average and high level of prosperity in Central Europe (2018 data) [3]

Corruption

Overview of the index of perception of corruption, 2015: 90-100 60-69 30-39 0-9 80-89 50-59 20-29 No information 70-79 40-49 10-19 Transparency international 2015.png
Overview of the index of perception of corruption, 2015:
     90–100     60–69     30–39     0–9
     80–89     50–59     20–29     No information
     70–79     40–49     10–19

Most countries in Central Europe tend to score above the average in the Corruption Perceptions Index (2018 data): [4]

Education

Central European countries are very literate. All of them have the literacy rate of 96% or over (for both sexes):

CountryLiteracy rateCriteria
AllMaleFemale
World84.1%88.6%79.7%age 15 and over can read and write (2010 est.)
Liechtenstein100%100%100%age 10 and over can read and write
Poland99.7%99.9%99.6%age 15 and over can read and write (2011 est.)
Slovenia99.7%99.7%99.7%(2010 est.)
Slovakia99.6%99.7%99.6%age 15 and over can read and write (2004)
Czech Republic99%99%99%(2011 est.)
Germany99%99%99%age 15 and over can read and write (2003 est.)
Hungary99%99.2%98.9%age 15 and over can read and write (2011 est.)
Switzerland99%99%99%age 15 and over can read and write (2003 est.)
Croatia98.9%99.5%98.3%age 15 and over can read and write (2011 est.)
Austria98%N/AN/Aage 15 and over can read and write
Serbia97.9%N/AN/Aage 15 and over can read and write

Languages

Languages taught as the first language in Central Europe are: Croatian, Czech, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Romansh, Serbian, Slovak and Slovenian. The most popular language taught at schools in Central Europe as foreign languages are: English, German and French. [5] Proficiency in English is ranked as high or moderate, according to the EF English Proficiency Index: [6]

Other languages, also popular (spoken by over 5% as a second language): [5]

Education performance

Student performance has varied across Central Europe, according to the Programme for International Student Assessment. In the last study, countries scored medium, below or over the average scores in three fields studied. [8]

The results for the 2012 "Maths" section on a world map PISA-Maths-2012.svg
The results for the 2012 "Maths" section on a world map

In the following table, positions 23 to 26 are "similar to the OECD average"; 1 to 22 are above, and 27+ are below average.

Positions in various subject groups
CountryMathsSciencesReading
Liechtenstein81011
Switzerland91917
Poland14910
Germany161219
Austria182327
Slovenia212038
Czech Republic242226
Slovakia3540—
Hungary393333
Croatia403535
Serbia433449
The results for the 2012 "Science" section on a world map PISA-Science-2012.svg
The results for the 2012 "Science" section on a world map
The results for the 2012 "Reading" section on a world map PISA-Reading-2012.svg
The results for the 2012 "Reading" section on a world map

Higher education

Universities

Karolinum of the Charles University in Prague 156 Univerzita Karlova, o Karolinum (Universitat Carolina).jpg
Karolinum of the Charles University in Prague

The first university east of France and north of the Alps was the Charles University in Prague established in 1347 or 1348 by Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor and modeled on the University of Paris, with the full number of faculties (law, medicine, philosophy and theology). [9] The list of Central Europe's oldest universities in continuous operation, established by 1500, include (by their dates of foundation):

Regional exchange program

Central European Exchange Program for University Studies (CEEPUS) is an international exchange program for students and teachers teaching or studying in participating countries. Its current members include (year it joined for the first time in brackets): [24]

  • Albania (2006)
  • Austria (2005)
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina (2008)
  • Bulgaria (2005)
  • Croatia (2005)
  • Czech Republic (2005)
  • Hungary (2005)
  • Kosovo* [25] (2008)
  • Macedonia (2006)
  • Moldova (2011)
  • Montenegro (2006)
  • Poland (2005)
  • Romania (2005)
  • Serbia (2005)
  • Slovakia (2005)
  • Slovenia (2005)

Culture and society

Architecture

Central European architecture has been shaped by major European styles including but not limited to: Brick Gothic, Rococo, Secession (art) and Modern architecture. Seven Central European countries are amongst those countries with higher numbers of World Heritage Sites:

Media

2021 Press Freedom Index results Press freedom 2021.svg
2021 Press Freedom Index results

There is a whole spectrum of media active in the region: newspapers, television and internet channels, radio channels, internet websites etc. Central European media are regarded as free, according to the Press Freedom Index, although the situation in Poland, Hungary and Croatia is described as "problematic". Some of the top scoring countries in the Press Freedom Index are in Central Europe, and include: [26]

Politics

Democracy

European countries score very highly in the Democracy Index: [27]

Global Peace Index

Global Peace Index Scores Global Peace Index.svg
Global Peace Index Scores

In spite of its turbulent history, Central Europe is currently one of world's safest regions. Most Central European countries are in top 20%: [28]

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "Human Development Report 2018 – "Human Development Indices and Indicators"" (PDF). HDRO (Human Development Report Office) United Nations Development Programme. pp. 22–25. Retrieved 14 September 2018.
  2. ↑ "2018 KOF Globalization Index". KOF Index of Globalization. 2018. Retrieved 5 August 2019.
  3. ↑ "Rankings". Legatum Prosperity Index 2018. Retrieved 25 July 2019.
  4. ↑ e.V, Transparency International. "Corruption Perceptions Index 2018". transparency.org. Retrieved 25 July 2019.
  5. 1 2 "Special Eurobarometer 386: Europeans and Their Languages Report" (PDF). European Commission. June 2012. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  6. ↑ "Overview – EF Proficiency Index". Ef.co.uk. 2 November 2015. Archived from the original on 2 August 2017. Retrieved 2 November 2015.
  7. ↑ "Hungarian language in Europe". Language knowledge. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  8. ↑ "PISA 2012 Results in Focus: What 15-year-olds know and what they can do with what they know" (PDF). OECD . 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  9. ↑ Joachim W. Stieber: "Pope Eugenius IV, the Council of Basel and the secular and ecclesiastical authorities in the Empire: the conflict over supreme authority and power in the church", Studies in the history of Christian thought, Vol. 13, Brill, 1978, ISBN   90-04-05240-2, p.82; Gustav Stolper: "German Realities", Read Books, 2007, ISBN   1-4067-0839-9, p. 228; George Henry Danton: "Germany ten years after", Ayer Publishing, 1928, ISBN   0-8369-5693-1, p. 210; Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius: "The German Myth of the East: 1800 to the Present", Oxford Studies in Modern European History Series, Oxford University Press, 2009, ISBN   0-19-954631-2, p. 109; Levi Seeley: "History of Education", BiblioBazaar, ISBN   1-103-39196-8, p. 141
  10. ↑ "About the Charles University". Charles University. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  11. ↑ "Historia – Jagiellonian University". uj.edu.pl.
  12. ↑ "History of the University of Vienna". University of Vienna. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  13. ↑ "UP Story – 650 years". University of Pécs. Archived from the original on 15 March 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  14. ↑ "About the University". Heidelberg University. 23 March 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  15. ↑ Meuthen, Erich (17 July 2015). "A Brief History of the University of Cologne". University of Cologne. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  16. ↑ "About the University of Zadar". University of Zadar. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  17. ↑ "Mission Statement of Leipzig University". Archived from the original on 31 December 2015. Retrieved 30 December 2018.
  18. ↑ ""Light of the North" – Between University of the Hansa and Mecklenburg State University". University of Rostock. 20 January 2015. Archived from the original on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  19. ↑ "University of Greifswald". University of Pécs. 19 October 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  20. ↑ "As Important Yesterday as Tomorrow: Intelligent Minds". University of Freiburg. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  21. ↑ "About the University". University of Basel. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  22. ↑ "About LMU Munich". Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  23. ↑ "History of the University". Archived from the original on 27 November 2014. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  24. ↑ "Central European Exchange Program for University Studies". ceepus.info. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
  25. ↑ "CEEPUS Member Countries and NCOs (2008)". ceepus.info. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
  26. ↑ "Reporters Without Borders".
  27. ↑ "Democracy index 2012: Democracy at a standstill: A report from The Economist Intelligence Unit". The Economist. 2013. Archived from the original on 3 January 2015. Retrieved 15 October 2015.
  28. ↑ "Vision of Humanity".
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