List of fascist movements by country G–M

Last updated February 13, 2024

A list of political parties, organizations, and movements adhering to various forms of fascist ideology, part of the list of fascist movements by country.

Fascist movements, sorted by country

Overview A-F G-M N-T U-Z

Name of movement	Country of predominant operation	Came to power?	Founded post-World War II?	Active?	General influence	Notes
Action Front of National Socialists/National Activists	Germany	No	Yes (1977)	No	Nazism	Banned in 1983
Artgemeinschaft	Germany	No	Yes (1951)	Yes	Esoteric Nazism
Black Front	Germany	No	No (1930)	No	Strasserism	Banned in 1933
Deutsche Heidnische Front	Germany	No	Yes (1998)	No	Neo-Nazism
German Reich Party	Germany	No	Yes (1950)	No	Neo-Nazism
Free German Workers' Party ^[1]	Germany	No	Yes (1977)	No	Neo-Nazism/Strasserism	Split in the late 1980s
German Alternative	Germany	No	Yes (1989)	No	Neo-Nazism
German Social Union	Germany	No	Yes (1956)	No	Strasserism
German Workers' Party	Germany	No	No (1919)	No	Völkism	Succeeded by the National Socialist German Workers' Party
Military-sports-group Hoffmann	Germany	Yes	Yes (1973)	No	Neo-Nazism	Fascist terrorist gang
National Socialist German Workers' Party	Germany	Yes	No (1920)	No	Nazism	Succeeded by the Socialist Reich Party (de facto)
Nationalist Front ^[2]	Germany	No	Yes (1985)	No	Strasserism	Banned in 1992.
National Offensive	Germany	No	Yes (1990)	No	Neo-Nazism	Banned in 1992.
National Democratic Party of Germany	Germany	No	Yes	Yes	Neo-Nazism
The Immortals	Germany	No	Yes	No	Neo-Nazism
The III. Path	Germany	No	Yes (2013)	Yes	Neo-Nazism
The Right	Germany	No	Yes (2012)	Yes	Neo-Nazism
Socialist Reich Party	Germany	No	Yes (1949)	No	Neo-Nazism	Fragmented from German Empire Party; banned 1952
Wiking-Jugend	Germany	No	Yes (1952)	No	Neo-Nazism
HIAG	West Germany	No	Yes (1951)	No	Neo-Nazism	Fragmented from German Empire Party; banned 1952
Front Line	Greece	No	Yes (1999)	No	Metaxism
General Popular Radical Union	Greece	Yes	No (1932)	No	independent, Italian fascism	Led by Georgios Kondylis
Golden Dawn	Greece	No	Yes (1980)	Yes	Metaxism,^[3]^[4]^[5] Neo-Nazism
Greek National Socialist Party ^[6]	Greece	No	No (1932)	No	Nazism	Founded by George S. Mercouris
Hellenic Socialist Patriotic Organisation	Greece	No	No (1941)	No	Nazism
National Party – Greeks	Greece	No	Yes (2020)	de facto banned	Neo-fascism	Split from Golden Dawn
National Political Union	Greece	No	Yes (1984)	No	Metaxism	Founded by Georgios Papadopoulos
National Popular Consciousness	Greece	No	Yes (2019)	No	Metaxism, Neo-Nazism	Split from Golden Dawn
National Reform Party	Greece	No	No (1935)	No	Italian fascism
National Union of Greece ^[7]	Greece	No	No (1927)	No	independent
Party of Free Opinion ^[8]	Greece	No (its leader did)	No (1922)	No	Metaxism	The political party led by Greek dictator Ioannis Metaxas
Spartans	Greece	No	Yes (2017)	Yes	Neo-fascism	National Party merged into them
National Unity Party	Haiti	Yes	Yes (1957)	No	Tropical fascism	Founded by François Duvalier
Arrow Cross Party	Hungary	Yes	No (1935)	No	Hungarist	Founded as “Party of National Will”
Christian National Socialist Front	Hungary	No	No (1937)	No	Nazism
Hungarian National Socialist Agricultural Labourers' and Workers' Party	Hungary	No	No (1932)	No	Nazism
Hungarian National Defence Association ^[6]	Hungary	No	No (1919)	No	independent/Italian Fascism	Also known as Szeged Fascists
Hungarian National Front	Hungary	No	Yes (1989)	No	Neo-Nazism
Hungarian National Socialist Party ^[6]	Hungary	No	No (1920s–1930s)	No	independent/Nazism	Name used by several groups
National Front	Hungary	No	No (1936)	No	Nazism
Pax Hungarica Movement	Hungary	No	Yes (2008)	No	Neo-Nazism
United Hungarian National Socialist Party	Hungary	No	No (1932)	No	Nazism
Unity Party	Hungary	Yes	No (2008)	No	Szeged Idea
Nationalist Party ^[9]	Iceland	No	No (1934)	No	light Fascism
Aria Party ^[10]	Iran	No	Yes (1946)	No	independent
Azure Party	Iran	No	No (1942)	No	Fascism, Nazism
Nation Party of Iran	Iran	No	Yes (1951)	Yes	independent
Pan-Iranist Party	Iran	No	No (1941)	Yes	Independent
Sumka	Iran	No	Yes (1952)	Yes	Nazism	Founded by Dr. Davud Monshizadeh in December 6, 1941 (1941-12-06) (unofficially) or October 13, 1952 (1952-10-13) (officially)
Resurgence Party	Iran	Yes	Yes (1975)	No	Fascism^[11]^[12]
Al-Muthanna Club	Iraq	No	No (1935)	No	Nazism	Founded by former Iraqi cabinet minister Saib Shawkat
Ailtirí na hAiséirghe ("Architects of the Resurrection")^[13]	Ireland	No	No (1942)	No	Fascism, Irish nationalism, Roman Catholicism	Founded by Gearóid Ó Cuinneagáin
Córas na Poblachta ("Republican System")	Ireland	No	No (1940)	No	Fascism, Irish nationalism, Roman Catholicism
National Socialist Irish Workers Party	Ireland	No	Yes (1968)	No	Neo-Nazism	Dissolved in late 1980s
National Corporate Party	Ireland	No	No (1934)	No	Clerical Fascism	Member of the Fascist International
Army Comrades Association	Ireland	No	No (1932)	No	Fascism, Irish nationalism	Founded by Eoin O'Duffy, better known as the Blueshirts
Brit HaBirionim	Israel (then the British Mandate of Palestine)	No	No (1930)	No	Italian Fascism, Revisionist Maximalism	Founded by of Dr. Abba Ahimeir, Uri Zvi Greenberg and Dr. Joshua Yeivin.
Kach/Kahane Chai	Israel	No	Yes (1971)	No	Kahanism, Halachic state, Zionism	Founded by Rabbi Meir Kahane, banned in 1994.
Lehi ^[14]^[15]^[16]^[17]	Israel (then the British Mandate of Palestine)	No	No (1940)	No	Fascism,^[14]^[15]^[17]^[18] Revisionist Zionism, National Bolshevism ^[19]	Since 1942, Lehi was not fascist; from 1944, Lehi was national bolshevist.
Patrol 36	Israel	No	Yes (2005)	No	Neo-Nazism, Antisemitism
Armed Revolutionary Nuclei	Italy	No	Yes (1977)	No	Italian Fascism	Terrorist organization
CasaPound	Italy	No	Yes (2003)	Yes	Italian Fascism	Founded by Gianluca Iannone
Fascism and Freedom Movement	Italy	No	Yes (1991)	Yes	Italian Fascism	Founded by Giorgio Pisanò
Fasci Italiani di Combattimento	Italy	No	No (1919)	No	Italian Fascism	Succeeded by PNF
Forza Nuova	Italy	No	Yes	Yes	Italian Fascism
Fronte Sociale Nazionale	Italy	No	Yes (1997)	Yes	Italian Fascism	Broke from Tricolour Flame; member of Alternativa Sociale
Italian Social Movement	Italy	No	Yes (1946)	No	Italian Fascism	MSI
National Fascist Party (PNF)	Italy	Yes	No (1921)	No	Italian Fascism	Disbanded 1943; succeeded by PFR
National Vanguard (PNF)	Italy	Yes	Yes (1960)	No	Neo-Nazism	Took part in Golpe Borghese
Ordine Nuovo	Italy	No	Yes (1956)	No	Italian Fascism	Terrorist organization
Ordine Nero	Italy	No	Yes (1974)	No	Italian Fascism	Terrorist organization
Republican Fascist Party (PFR)	Italy (RSI)	Yes	No (1943)	No	Italian Fascism	Disbanded 1945; succeeded by MSI
Terza Posizione	Italy	No	Yes (1979)	No	Independent	Disbanded 1980
Tricolour Flame	Italy	No	Yes (1995)	Yes	Italian Fascism	Splinter group of MSI
National Socialist Japanese Workers' Party	Japan	No	Yes	Yes	Neo-Nazism
Tohokai ("Eastern Society")	Japan	No	No (1936)	No	Japanese fascism	In October 1940 it briefly merged into the Imperial Rule Assistance Association which it later broke away from in 1941, banned after the war.
Korean National Youth Association	Korea	No	Yes (1946)	No	Fascism
Pērkonkrusts ^[9]	Latvia	No	No (1932)	Yes	Independent	Banned after 1944; reformed after the resumption of Latvian independence
German National Movement in Liechtenstein	Liechtenstein	No	No (1938)	No	Nazism
Liechtenstein Homeland Service	Liechtenstein	No	No (1933)	No	Corporate statism, Nazism (later)^[20]
Kataeb Party	Lebanon	Yes	No (1936)	Yes	Falangism (former)	Moved to centre-right, Christian Democracy
Kokumin Dōmei	Japan	No	No (1932)	No	Japanese fascism	Dissolved on 26 July 1940, merged into the Imperial Rule Assistance Association
Kuomintang-Nanjing	China	Yes	No (1939)	No	Fascism	Established by Chinese Collaborators in China during the Second Sino-Japanese War; dissolved in 16 August 1945.
Lithuanian Nationalist Union	Lithuania	Yes	No (1924)	No	Fascist corporatism, Clerical fascism
Iron Wolves ^[6]	Lithuania	Yes	No (1927)	No	Clerical fascism	Movement within the Clerical Party
Union of Christian Socialist Workers of the Memel Region	Memel Territory (today Lithuania)	Yes	No (1927)	No	Nazism	Banned
Imperium Europa	Malta	No	Yes (2000)	Yes	Neo-fascism
Concordia Association	Manchukuo	Yes	No (1931)	No	Fascism, Manchurian nationalism
Russian Fascist Organization	Manchukuo	No	No (1925)	No	Italian Fascism, Russian nationalism	Within the Russian emigrants
Russian Fascist Party	Manchukuo	No	No (1931)	No	Italian Fascism, Russian nationalism	Within the Russian emigrants
Gold Shirts ^[6]	Mexico	No	No (1933)	No	Fascism	Banned after Mexico joined the Allies in 1942
Mexican Democratic Party	Mexico	No	Yes (1975)	No	Falangism/Clerical fascism	Front party of the National Synarchist Union
Mexican Fascist Party	Mexico	No	No (1923)	No	Italian Fascism
National Synarchist Union	Mexico	No	No (1937)	Yes	Falangism/Clerical fascism
Nationalist Front of Mexico	Mexico	No	Yes (2006)	Yes	Neo-fascism
Partido Nacional-Socialista de México	Mexico	No	Yes	Yes	Neo-Nazism
Social Alliance Party	Mexico	No	Yes (1998)	No	Christian right	Front party of the National Synarchist Union
Tsagaan Khas	Mongolia	No	Yes (1984)	Yes	Neo-Nazism, Sinophobia, Resource nationalism

Overview A-F G-M N-T U-Z

Related Research Articles

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References

↑ C. T. Husbands, 'Militant Neo-Nazism in the Federal Republic of Germany in the 1990s' in L. Cheles, R. Ferguson & M. Vaughan, The Far Right in Western and Eastern Europe, 1995, p. 329
↑ C.T. Husbands, 'Militant Neo-Nazism in the Federal Republic of Germany in the 1980', L. Cheles, R. Ferguson & M. Vaughan (eds.), Neo-Fascism in Europe, London: Longman, 1991, p. 99
↑ "Frequently Asked Questions". Golden Dawn. Archived from the original on April 16, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2014.
↑ "10 Overlooked political ideologies". Archived from the original on November 9, 2014.
↑ "Golden Dawn Recruiting Schoolchildren". February 27, 2013.
1 2 3 4 5 Stanley G. Payne, A History of Fascism 1914–1945, London, Routledge, 2001, p. 342
↑ Peter Davies, Derek Lynch. The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right. London, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: Routledge, 2002. Pp. 279.
↑ Peter Davies, Derek Lynch. The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right. London, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: Routledge, 2002. Pp. 276.
1 2 S. U. Larsen, B. Hagtvet & J. P. Myklebust, Who Were the Fascists: Social Roots of European Fascism, Scandinavian University Press, Oslo, 1980. ISBN 82-00-05331-8
↑ Haddad Adel, Gholamali; Elmi, Mohammad Jafar; Taromi-Rad, Hassan (August 31, 2012). Political Parties: Selected Entries from Encyclopaedia of the World of Islam. EWI Press. p. 11. ISBN 9781908433022.
↑ Gholam Reza Afkhami (2008). The Life and Times of the Shah. University of California Press. pp. 434–444. ISBN 978-0-520-25328-5. The conception of the party, a hybrid of the Italian and Spanish schools of fascism, met with widespread opposition and was withdrawn once the queen sided with its opponents. But then fascism yielded to communism. The organization became principle democratic centralism, though the term was not mentioned.
↑ Yom, Sean (2015). From Resilience to Revolution: How Foreign Interventions Destabilize the Middle East. Columbia University Press. pp. 142–143. ISBN 9780231540278.
↑ R. M. Douglas, Architects of the Resurrection: Ailtirí na hAiséirghe and the Fascist 'New Order' in Ireland, Manchester University Press, 2009. ISBN 0-7190-7998-5
1 2 Sasson Sofer. Zionism and the Foundations of Israeli Diplomacy. Cambridge University Press, 2007. Pp. 253-254.
1 2 Perliger and Weinberg, 2003, p. 108.
↑ Heller, 1995, p. 86.
1 2 David Yisraeli, The Palestine Problem in German Politics, 1889–1945, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, 1974.
↑ Joseph Heller 1995, p. 86.
↑ Robert S. Wistrich, David Ohana. The Shaping of Israeli Identity: Myth, Memory, and Trauma, Issue 3. London, England, UK; Portland, Oregon, USA: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd., 1995. Pp. 88.
↑ "Liechtensteiner Heimatdienst". e-archiv.li (in German). Liechtenstein National Archives. Retrieved February 22, 2014.

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[Husbands-1] C. T. Husbands, 'Militant Neo-Nazism in the Federal Republic of Germany in the 1990s' in L. Cheles, R. Ferguson & M. Vaughan, The Far Right in Western and Eastern Europe, 1995, p. 329

[Husbands2-2] C.T. Husbands, 'Militant Neo-Nazism in the Federal Republic of Germany in the 1980', L. Cheles, R. Ferguson & M. Vaughan (eds.), Neo-Fascism in Europe, London: Longman, 1991, p. 99

[3] "Frequently Asked Questions". Golden Dawn. Archived from the original on April 16, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2014.

[4] "10 Overlooked political ideologies". Archived from the original on November 9, 2014.

[5] "Golden Dawn Recruiting Schoolchildren". February 27, 2013.

[Payne-6] 1 2 3 4 5 Stanley G. Payne, A History of Fascism 1914–1945, London, Routledge, 2001, p. 342

[7] Peter Davies, Derek Lynch. The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right. London, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: Routledge, 2002. Pp. 279.

[8] Peter Davies, Derek Lynch. The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right. London, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: Routledge, 2002. Pp. 276.

[Larsen-9] 1 2 S. U. Larsen, B. Hagtvet & J. P. Myklebust, Who Were the Fascists: Social Roots of European Fascism, Scandinavian University Press, Oslo, 1980. ISBN 82-00-05331-8

[10] Haddad Adel, Gholamali; Elmi, Mohammad Jafar; Taromi-Rad, Hassan (August 31, 2012). Political Parties: Selected Entries from Encyclopaedia of the World of Islam. EWI Press. p. 11. ISBN 9781908433022.

[A8-11] Gholam Reza Afkhami (2008). The Life and Times of the Shah. University of California Press. pp. 434–444. ISBN 978-0-520-25328-5. The conception of the party, a hybrid of the Italian and Spanish schools of fascism, met with widespread opposition and was withdrawn once the queen sided with its opponents. But then fascism yielded to communism. The organization became principle democratic centralism, though the term was not mentioned.

[12] Yom, Sean (2015). From Resilience to Revolution: How Foreign Interventions Destabilize the Middle East. Columbia University Press. pp. 142–143. ISBN 9780231540278.

[13] R. M. Douglas, Architects of the Resurrection: Ailtirí na hAiséirghe and the Fascist 'New Order' in Ireland, Manchester University Press, 2009. ISBN 0-7190-7998-5

[Sasson_Sofer_2007._Pp._254-14] 1 2 Sasson Sofer. Zionism and the Foundations of Israeli Diplomacy. Cambridge University Press, 2007. Pp. 253-254.

[Weinberg_2003,_p._108-15] 1 2 Perliger and Weinberg, 2003, p. 108.

[Heller,_1995,_p._86-16] Heller, 1995, p. 86.

[David_Yisraeli_1974-17] 1 2 David Yisraeli, The Palestine Problem in German Politics, 1889–1945, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, 1974.

[18] Joseph Heller 1995, p. 86.

[Robert_S._Wistrich_1995._Pp._88-19] Robert S. Wistrich, David Ohana. The Shaping of Israeli Identity: Myth, Memory, and Trauma, Issue 3. London, England, UK; Portland, Oregon, USA: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd., 1995. Pp. 88.

[National_Archives-20] "Liechtensteiner Heimatdienst". e-archiv.li (in German). Liechtenstein National Archives. Retrieved February 22, 2014.

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