List of research stations in the Arctic

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Location of some of the major research stations in the Arctic Major Research Stations in the Arctic.jpg
Location of some of the major research stations in the Arctic

A number of governments maintain permanent research stations in the Arctic . Also known as Arctic bases, polar stations or ice stations, these bases are widely distributed across the northern polar region of Earth.

Contents

Historically few research stations have been permanent. Most of them were temporary, being abandoned after the completion of the project or owing to lack of funding to continue the research. Some of these were military or intelligence stations (listening posts) created as a result of the proximity of the U.S. and Soviet Union to each other's landmass across the polar region.

Ice stations are constructed on land or on ice that rests on land, while others are drifting ice stations built on the sea ice of the high latitudes of the Arctic Ocean. [1]

Research stations

Active research stations
Station nameLocationOperating countryYear establishedSummer populationWinter population
Abisko Scientific Research Station Abisko, Sápmi Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden19031212
Adam Mickiewicz University Polar Station Petuniabukta, Svalbard, NorwayFlag of Poland.svg Poland2011
Alomar Observatory [2] Andøya Space, Andøya, Svalbard Flag of Norway.svg Norway1994
Arctic Yellow River Station Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, NorwayFlag of the People's Republic of China.svg China2003252
AWIPEV Arctic Research Station (Jean Corbel Station) Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, NorwayFlag of France.svg France
Flag of Germany.svg Germany
200340
Barrow Observatory [3] Point Barrow, Alaska Flag of the United States.svg United States197322
Canadian High Arctic Research Station [4] (CHARS) campus Cambridge Bay, Nunavut Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada20192626
E. K. Fyodorov Hydrometeorological Observatory (ex Chelyuskin Polar Station) [5] Cape Chelyuskin, Krasnoyarsk Krai Flag of Russia.svg Russia
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union
1932
Chetyrokhstolbovoy Polar Station [6] Medvezhyi Islands, Sakha Flag of Russia.svg Russia
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union
1933
China-Iceland Arctic Science Observatory(CIAO) [7] [8] Kárhóll, Iceland Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China
Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland
2018
Churchill Northern Studies Centre [9] (CNSC) Churchill, Manitoba Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada197688
Czech Arctic Research Station [10] Longyearbyen and Petuniabukta, Svalbard, Norway Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic201442
Daneborg Wollaston Foreland, Greenland Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark194412
Danmarkshavn Dove Bay, Greenland Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark19066
Dirigibile Italia Arctic Station Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, NorwayFlag of Italy.svg Italy19977
Dr. Neil Trivett Global Atmosphere Watch Observatory Alert, Nunavut Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada1986
Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station Devon Island, Nunavut Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada200199
Himadri [11] Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, NorwayFlag of India.svg India20088
Igloolik Research Centre [12] Igloolik, Nunavut Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada19752210
IndARC [13] Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, NorwayFlag of India.svg India2014
International Biological Station Lena-Nordenskiöld [14] Tiksi, Sakha Flag of Russia.svg Russia1995
Iqaluit Research Centre [15] [16] Iqaluit, Nunavut Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada19782010
Kevo Research Station [17] Kevo Flag of Finland.svg Finland1958127
Kilpisjärvi Biological Station [18] [19] Kilpisjärvi Flag of Finland.svg Finland1964
Kiruna Atmospheric and Geophysical Observatory [20] [21] Kiruna Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden1957
Kluane Lake Research Station [22] Kluane Lake, Yukon Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada196135
Koldewey Station Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, NorwayFlag of Germany.svg Germany1991
Labytnangi Ecological Research Station [23] Labytnangi, Yamalo-Nenets Flag of Russia.svg Russia
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union
195425
McGill Arctic Research Station [24] Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada1960120
Mestersvig Scoresby Land, Greenland Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark1956402
Mývatn Research Station Mývatn Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland1975
Netherlands Arctic Station, Univ Groningen [25] Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, NorwayFlag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands1995
Nicolaus Copernicus University Polar Station Kaffiøyra, Svalbard, NorwayFlag of Poland.svg Poland197520
Station Nord Princess Ingeborg Peninsula, Greenland Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark1952255
Northeast Science Station [26] Chersky, Sakha Flag of Russia.svg Russia
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union
1977655
Ny-Ålesund [27] Spitsbergen, Svalbard Flag of Norway.svg Norway196711735
Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory [28] [29] (PEARL) Eureka, Nunavut Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada1993
Polish Polar Station Hornsund, Svalbard, NorwayFlag of Poland.svg Poland195710
Prima Polar Station [30] Cape Baranov, Bolshevik Island, Severnaya Zemlya Flag of Russia.svg Russia
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union
1986
Samoylov Station [31] Lena Delta Wildlife Reserve, Sakha Flag of Russia.svg Russia1998168
Sermilik Station Ammassalik Island, Greenland Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark
Flag of Austria.svg Austria
1970, 2023306
Sodankylä Arctic Research Centre [32] Sodankylä Flag of Finland.svg Finland19493020
Stanisław Baranowski Spitsbergen Polar Station Werenskioldbreen, Svalbard, NorwayFlag of Poland.svg Poland1971
Summit Station Near summit of the Greenland ice sheet, Greenland Flag of the United States.svg United States1989505
Thule Research Station [33] Pituffik, Greenland Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark199510
Toolik Field Station [34] Toolik Lake, Alaska Flag of the United States.svg United States1975175
Troynoy Island Polar Station [35] Izvestiy TSIK Islands, Krasnoyarsk Krai Flag of Russia.svg Russia
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union
195350
Tundra Ecosystem Research Station [36] [37] (TERS) Daring Lake, Northwest Territories Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada1994300
University of Copenhagen Arctic Station Qeqertarsuaq, Greenland Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark190639
Ward Hunt Island Observatory Research Station [38] Ward Hunt Island, Nunavut Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada195790
Western Arctic Research Centre [39] Inuvik, Northwest Territories Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada [40] 196434
Whapmagoostui-Kuujjuarapik Research Complex [41] Whapmagoostui, Quebec Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada197128
White Sea Biological Station [42] (WSBS MSU) Chupa, Republic of Karelia Flag of Russia.svg Russia
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union
193818050
Villum Research Station [43] Station Nord, North Greenland Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark199014
Vize Island Arctic Research Station Vize Island, Krasnoyarsk Krai Flag of Russia.svg Russia
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union
19450
Zackenberg Station Wollaston Foreland, Greenland Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark1997250
Zeppelin Zeppelinfjellet, Svalbard Flag of Norway.svg Norway1990

Drifting ice stations

Station nameHead of the first shiftDrift start dateDrift end dateDrift start coordinateDrift end coordinateDrift distance (km)
North Pole-1 I.D.Papanin May 21, 1937February 19, 1938 89°25′N78°40′W / 89.417°N 78.667°W / 89.417; -78.667 (North Pole-1 (start)) 70°40′N19°16′W / 70.667°N 19.267°W / 70.667; -19.267 (North Pole-1 (finish)) 2,850
North Pole-2 M.M.Somov April 2, 1950April 11, 1951 76°03′N166°36′W / 76.050°N 166.600°W / 76.050; -166.600 (North Pole-2 (start)) 81°44′N163°48′W / 81.733°N 163.800°W / 81.733; -163.800 (North Pole-2 (finish)) 2,600
Fletcher's Ice Island 19521978
North Pole-3 A.F.Trioshnikov April 4, 1954April 20, 1955 85°58′N175°00′W / 85.967°N 175.000°W / 85.967; -175.000 (North Pole-3 (start)) 86°00′N24°00′W / 86.000°N 24.000°W / 86.000; -24.000 (North Pole-3 (finish)) 1,865
North Pole-4 E.I.Tolstikov April 8, 1954April 19, 1957 75°48′N178°25′W / 75.800°N 178.417°W / 75.800; -178.417 (North Pole-4 (start)) 85°52′N00°00′W / 85.867°N -0.000°E / 85.867; -0.000 (North Pole-4 (finish)) 6,970
North Pole-5 N.A.VolkovApril 21, 1955October 8, 1956 82°10′N156°51′E / 82.167°N 156.850°E / 82.167; 156.850 (North Pole-5 (start)) 84°18′N63°20′E / 84.300°N 63.333°E / 84.300; 63.333 (North Pole-5 (finish)) 3,630
North Pole-6 K.A.SychevApril 19, 1956September 14, 1959 74°24′N177°04′W / 74.400°N 177.067°W / 74.400; -177.067 (North Pole-6 (start)) 82°06′N03°56′E / 82.100°N 3.933°E / 82.100; 3.933 (North Pole-6 (finish)) 8,650
North Pole-7 V.A.VedernikovApril 23, 1957April 11, 1959 82°06′N164°11′W / 82.100°N 164.183°W / 82.100; -164.183 (North Pole-7 (start)) 85°14′N33°03′W / 85.233°N 33.050°W / 85.233; -33.050 (North Pole-7 (finish)) 3,520
North Pole-8 V.M.RogachyovApril 27, 1959March 19, 1962 76°11′N164°24′W / 76.183°N 164.400°W / 76.183; -164.400 (North Pole-8 (start)) 83°15′N132°30′W / 83.250°N 132.500°W / 83.250; -132.500 (North Pole-8 (finish)) 6,090
North Pole-9 V.A.ShamontyevApril 26, 1960March 28, 1961 77°23′N163°00′E / 77.383°N 163.000°E / 77.383; 163.000 (North Pole-9 (start)) 86°36′N76°00′W / 86.600°N 76.000°W / 86.600; -76.000 (North Pole-9 (finish)) 2,660
North Pole-10 N.A.KornilovOctober 17, 1961April 29, 1964 75°27′N177°10′E / 75.450°N 177.167°E / 75.450; 177.167 (North Pole-10 (start)) 88°32′N90°30′E / 88.533°N 90.500°E / 88.533; 90.500 (North Pole-10 (finish)) 3,960
North Pole-11 N.N.BryazginApril 16, 1962April 20, 1963 77°10′N165°58′W / 77.167°N 165.967°W / 77.167; -165.967 (North Pole-11 (start)) 81°10′N139°34′W / 81.167°N 139.567°W / 81.167; -139.567 (North Pole-11 (finish)) 2,400
North Pole-12 L.N.BelyakovApril 30, 1963April 25, 1965 76°50′N165°34′W / 76.833°N 165.567°W / 76.833; -165.567 (North Pole-12 (start)) 81°06′N145°47′W / 81.100°N 145.783°W / 81.100; -145.783 (North Pole-12 (finish)) 1,595
North Pole-13 A.Ya. BuzuyevApril 22, 1964April 20, 1967 73°55′N161°19′W / 73.917°N 161.317°W / 73.917; -161.317 (North Pole-13 (start)) 87°55′N03°32′E / 87.917°N 3.533°E / 87.917; 3.533 (North Pole-13 (finish)) 3,545
North Pole-14 Yu. B.KonstantinovMay 1, 1965February 12, 1966 72°42′N175°25′W / 72.700°N 175.417°W / 72.700; -175.417 (North Pole-14 (start)) 76°59′N154°49′E / 76.983°N 154.817°E / 76.983; 154.817 (North Pole-14 (finish)) 1,040
North Pole-15 V.V.PanovApril 15, 1966March 25, 1968 78°49′N168°08′E / 78.817°N 168.133°E / 78.817; 168.133 (North Pole-15 (start)) 85°45′N10°30′W / 85.750°N 10.500°W / 85.750; -10.500 (North Pole-15 (finish)) 2,330
North Pole-16 Yu. B.KonstantinovApril 10, 1968March 22, 1972 75°31′N172°00′W / 75.517°N 172.000°W / 75.517; -172.000 (North Pole-16 (start)) 86°00′N85°27′W / 86.000°N 85.450°W / 86.000; -85.450 (North Pole-16 (finish)) 5,850
North Pole-17 N.I.BlinovApril 18, 1968October 16, 1969 80°30′N165°26′E / 80.500°N 165.433°E / 80.500; 165.433 (North Pole-17 (start)) 86°48′N25°20′E / 86.800°N 25.333°E / 86.800; 25.333 (North Pole-17 (finish)) 1,750
North Pole-18 N.N.OvchinnikovOctober 9, 1969October 24, 1971 75°10′N165°02′W / 75.167°N 165.033°W / 75.167; -165.033 (North Pole-18 (start)) 86°06′N153°51′E / 86.100°N 153.850°E / 86.100; 153.850 (North Pole-18 (finish)) 5,240
North Pole-19 A.N.Chilingarov November 7, 1969April 16, 1973 74°54′N160°13′E / 74.900°N 160.217°E / 74.900; 160.217 (North Pole-19 (start)) 83°08′N16°17′E / 83.133°N 16.283°E / 83.133; 16.283 (North Pole 19- (finish)) 6,705
North Pole-20 Yu. P.TikhonovApril 22, 1970May 17, 1972 75°56′N175°22′E / 75.933°N 175.367°E / 75.933; 175.367 (North Pole-20 (start)) 81°44′N166°47′W / 81.733°N 166.783°W / 81.733; -166.783 (North Pole-20 (finish)) 3,780
North Pole-21 G.I.KizinoApril 30, 1972May 17, 1974 74°06′N178°15′E / 74.100°N 178.250°E / 74.100; 178.250 (North Pole-21 (start)) 86°16′N143°35′E / 86.267°N 143.583°E / 86.267; 143.583 (North Pole-21 (finish)) 3,605
North Pole-22 V.G.MorozSeptember 13, 1973April 8, 1982 76°16′N168°31′W / 76.267°N 168.517°W / 76.267; -168.517 (North Pole-22 (start)) 86°10′N00°00′W / 86.167°N -0.000°E / 86.167; -0.000 (North Pole-22 (finish)) 17,069
North Pole-23 V.M.PiguzovDecember 5, 1975November 1, 1978 73°51′N178°25′W / 73.850°N 178.417°W / 73.850; -178.417 (North Pole-23 (start)) 87°40′N22°31′W / 87.667°N 22.517°W / 87.667; -22.517 (North Pole-23 (finish)) 5,786
North Pole-24 I.K.PopovJune 23, 1978November 19, 1980 76°45′N163°00′E / 76.750°N 163.000°E / 76.750; 163.000 (North Pole-24 (start)) 86°03′N29°40′E / 86.050°N 29.667°E / 86.050; 29.667 (North Pole-24 (finish)) 5,652
North Pole-25 V.S.SidorovMay 16, 1981April 20, 1984 75°01′N168°35′E / 75.017°N 168.583°E / 75.017; 168.583 (North Pole-25 (start)) 85°50′N122°15′W / 85.833°N 122.250°W / 85.833; -122.250 (North Pole-25 (finish)) 5,754
North Pole-26 V.S.SidorovMay 21, 1983April 9, 1986 78°30′N174°46′E / 78.500°N 174.767°E / 78.500; 174.767 (North Pole-26 (start)) 82°46′N170°31′W / 82.767°N 170.517°W / 82.767; -170.517 (North Pole-26 (finish)) 5,380
North Pole-27 Yu. P.TikhonovJune 2, 1984May 20, 1987 78°31′N160°30′E / 78.517°N 160.500°E / 78.517; 160.500 (North Pole-27 (start)) 86°28′N09°02′W / 86.467°N 9.033°W / 86.467; -9.033 (North Pole-27(finish)) 5,655
North Pole-28 A.F.ChernyshovMay 21, 1986January 23, 1989 80°40′N168°29′E / 80.667°N 168.483°E / 80.667; 168.483 (North Pole-28 (start)) 79°40′N03°09′E / 79.667°N 3.150°E / 79.667; 3.150 (North Pole-28 (finish)) 7,634
North Pole-29 V.V.LukinJune 10, 1987August 19, 1988 80°22.8′N112°59′E / 80.3800°N 112.983°E / 80.3800; 112.983 (North Pole-29 (start)) 84°42.8′N56°34.3′W / 84.7133°N 56.5717°W / 84.7133; -56.5717 (North Pole-29 (finish)) 2,686
North Pole-30 V.M.PiguzovOctober 9, 1987April 4, 1991 74°18′N171°24′W / 74.300°N 171.400°W / 74.300; -171.400 (North Pole-30 (start)) 82°31′N126°26′W / 82.517°N 126.433°W / 82.517; -126.433 (North Pole-30 (finish)) 7,675
North Pole-31 V.S.SidorovOctober 22, 1988July 25, 1991 76°35′N153°10′W / 76.583°N 153.167°W / 76.583; -153.167 (North Pole-31 (finish)) 73°33′N161°04′W / 73.550°N 161.067°W / 73.550; -161.067 (North Pole-31 (finish)) 5,475
North Pole-32 V.S.KoshelevApril 25, 2003March 6, 2004 87°52.5′N148°03′E / 87.8750°N 148.050°E / 87.8750; 148.050 (North Pole-32 (start)) 84°41′N03°33′W / 84.683°N 3.550°W / 84.683; -3.550 (North Pole-32 (finish)) 2,418
North Pole-33 A.A.VishnevskySeptember 9, 2004October 5, 2005 85°05′N156°31′E / 85.083°N 156.517°E / 85.083; 156.517 (North Pole-33 (start)) 86°14′N95°54′E / 86.233°N 95.900°E / 86.233; 95.900 (North Pole-33 (finish)) 3,156
North Pole-34 T.V.PetrovskySeptember 19, 2005May 25, 2006 85°39′N115°19′E / 85.650°N 115.317°E / 85.650; 115.317 (North Pole-34 (start)) 87°26′N07°39′E / 87.433°N 7.650°E / 87.433; 7.650 (North Pole-34 (finish)) 2,032
North Pole-35 Vladimir Chupun [61] September 21, 2007July 22, 2008 81°30′N103°54′E / 81.500°N 103.900°E / 81.500; 103.900 (North Pole-35 (start)) 81°00′N31°18′E / 81.000°N 31.300°E / 81.000; 31.300 (North Pole-35 (finish)) 3,614
North Pole-36 Yuri KatrayevSeptember 7, 2008August 24, 2009 82°32′N144°56′E / 82.533°N 144.933°E / 82.533; 144.933 (North Pole-36 (start)) 85°53′N26°41′W / 85.883°N 26.683°W / 85.883; -26.683 (North Pole-36 (finish)) 2,905
North Pole-37 Sergey LesenkovSeptember 7, 2009May 31, 2010 81°28′N164°35′W / 81.467°N 164.583°W / 81.467; -164.583 (North Pole-37 (start)) 80°04′N140°40′W / 80.067°N 140.667°W / 80.067; -140.667 (North Pole-37 (finish)) 2,076
North Pole-38 Tomash PetrovskiyOctober 14, 2010September 20, 2011 76°07′N176°32′W / 76.117°N 176.533°W / 76.117; -176.533 (North Pole-38 (start)) 83°53′N154°18′W / 83.883°N 154.300°W / 83.883; -154.300 (North Pole-38 (finish)) 3,024
North Pole-39 Alexander IpatovOctober 2, 2011September 15, 2012 84°10′N148°49′W / 84.167°N 148.817°W / 84.167; -148.817 (North Pole-39 (start)) 83°57′N96°44′W / 83.950°N 96.733°W / 83.950; -96.733 (North Pole-39 (finish)) 1,885
North Pole-40 Nikolai FomichevOctober 1, 2012June 7, 2013 85°21′N142°53′W / 85.350°N 142.883°W / 85.350; -142.883 (North Pole-40 (start)) 82°25′N130°25′W / 82.417°N 130.417°W / 82.417; -130.417 (North Pole-40 (finish)) 1,736
North Pole-2015 Dmitrij MamadalievApril 11, 2015August 9, 2015 89°34′N17°08′W / 89.567°N 17.133°W / 89.567; -17.133 (North Pole-2015 (start)) 86°15′N07°52′W / 86.250°N 7.867°W / 86.250; -7.867 (North Pole-2015 (finish)) 714
Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC Expedition)Markus RexOctober 4, 2019July 30, 2020 85°00′N137°00′E / 85.000°N 137.000°E / 85.000; 137.000 (MOSAiC (start)) [62] N/A1,700

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