The 9th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1805, to March 4, 1807, during the fifth and sixth years of Thomas Jefferson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Second Census of the United States in 1800. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.
The 1806 and 1807 United States House of Representatives elections were held at various dates in each state between April 29, 1806 and August 4, 1807 during Thomas Jefferson's second term with the new Congress meeting on October 26, 1807.
James Jackson was an early British-born Georgia politician of the Democratic-Republican Party. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1789 until 1791. He was also a U.S. Senator from Georgia from 1793 to 1795, and from 1801 until his death in 1806. In 1797 he was elected 23rd Governor of Georgia, serving from 1798 to 1801 before returning to the senate.
Cowles Mead was a United States Representative from Georgia. Born in Virginia, he received an English education and became a private practice lawyer.
Edward Junius Black was a slave owner, United States Representative and lawyer from Georgia. His son was U.S. Representative George Robison Black.
The 1806 and 1807 United States Senate elections were elections that had the Democratic-Republican Party increase its overwhelming control of the Senate by one additional Senator. The Federalists went into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats that even if they had won every election, they would still have remained a minority caucus. As it was, however, they lost one of the two seats they were defending and picked up no gains from their opponents.
North Carolina elected its members August 15, 1806.
South Carolina elected its members October 13–14, 1806.
Maryland elected its members October 6, 1806.
Massachusetts elected its members November 3, 1806.
Rhode Island elected its members August 26, 1806. Rhode Island law required a majority of votes to win. In this election, only one candidate won a majority on the first ballot, and so a run-off election was required to choose the second seat.
Virginia elected its members in April 1807, after the Congress began but before the first session met.
There were two special elections in Georgia's at-large congressional district in 1806; one on September 15, 1806 to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph Bryan (DR) earlier that year, and the other sometime before December 6, 1806 to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas Spalding (DR) earlier that year.
Vermont elected its members September 2, 1806.
The 1806 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware was held on October 7, 1806, to elect the U.S. representative from Delaware's at-large congressional district. Incumbent Federalist James M. Broom faced re-election to a full term after winning the previous year's special election. He was challenged by three Democratic-Republicans.
Ohio elected its member October 14, 1806. Both candidates were Democratic-Republicans, but from election articles published in The Scioto Gazette it was suggested that James Pritchard was the candidate of the Ohio Quids and that in a few counties, notably Columbiana and Jefferson, he was also supported by the Federalists.
The 1806 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania was held from December 9 to 16, 1806. Andrew Gregg was elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the United States Senate.
The 1806 United States elections occurred in the middle of Democratic-Republican President Thomas Jefferson's second term, during the First Party System. Members of the 10th United States Congress were chosen in this election. Neither chamber saw significant partisan change, with the Democratic-Republicans retaining a commanding majority in both the House and Senate.
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