Ingalls Rink

Last updated
David S. Ingalls Rink
"The Whale"
Ingalls Rink Highsmith.jpg
Ingalls Rink
Location73 Sachem St
New Haven, Connecticut, US
Owner Yale University
Operator Yale University
Capacity 3,500 (when configured for hockey)
Surface200 x 85 ft (hockey)
Construction
Broke ground1953
Opened1958
Renovated2009
Construction cost$1.5 Million
Architect Eero Saarinen
Structural engineer Severud Associates
Tenants
Yale Bulldogs (men's and women's hockey)

David S. Ingalls Rink is a hockey rink in New Haven, Connecticut, designed by architect Eero Saarinen and built between 1953 and 1958 for Yale University. It is commonly referred to as The Whale, due to its shape. The building was constructed for $1.5 million, which was double its original cost estimate. It seats 3,500 people and has a maximum ceiling height of 23 meters (75 ft). The building is named for David S. Ingalls, Yale class of 1920, and David S. Ingalls, Jr., Yale class of 1956, both of whom were hockey captains. Members of the Ingalls family were the primary benefactors of the arena. The building was included on the America's Favorite Architecture list, created in 2007 by the American Institute of Architects. [1]

Contents

Structural system

A massive concrete arch dominates this interior view Ingalls Rink vertical.JPG
A massive concrete arch dominates this interior view

The rink employs an innovative structural system employing a 90-meter reinforced concrete arch, a catenary arch form for which Saarinen's projects became known. From the arch a cable net is strung, supporting a timber roof. This causes a stable, double curvature form. Exterior cables linking the arch directly to the outer edges of the roof were added during structural design development. These cables address forces caused by asymmetrical wind loads. Fred N. Severud was the structural engineer for the project.[ citation needed ]

Bombing

On May 1, 1970, several rock bands were playing a concert in Ingalls Rink as part of the protests on New Haven Green against the Black Panther trials. [2] Shortly before midnight and towards the end of the concert, two bombs exploded in the north end of the rink's basement. [2] The explosions caused no injuries, but shattered the building's glass doors and caused cracks to form in its arch. [2] No culprit was ever identified, and both Yale President Kingman Brewster and New Haven Police Chief James Ahern contended that either pro- or anti-Panther partisans could have planted the devices. [3] [4]

Renovations

Rink interior with timbered roof Ingalls Rink interior center.JPG
Rink interior with timbered roof

The building has been renovated by Kevin Roche and Roche-Dinkeloo, the firm which is a direct outgrowth of Eero Saarinen and Associates. [5] In 1991, a new concrete refrigerant slab was added at a cost of $1.5 million.[ citation needed ]

In 2007, it was announced that the rink would undergo a $23.5 million renovation which would include approximately 13,000 square feet (1,200 m2) of varsity operational space as well as a complete renovation of the facility, including new men's and women's varsity locker rooms, training and strength and conditioning rooms, an added press box, a lower level hockey heritage area, offices for coaches of both programs, a student-athlete study area, new lights, as well as a sound system and de-humidification unit. The lower level interior would also be decorated with photos displaying the history of Yale hockey. These renovations were completed in 2009. [6]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eero Saarinen</span> Finnish-American architect (1910–1961)

Eero Saarinen was a Finnish-American architect and industrial designer who created a wide array of innovative designs for buildings and monuments, including the General Motors Technical Center in Warren, Michigan; the passenger terminal at Dulles International Airport outside Washington, D.C.; the TWA Flight Center at John F. Kennedy International Airport; and the Gateway Arch in St. Louis. He was the son of Finnish architect Eliel Saarinen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kevin Roche</span> Irish-born American architect (1922–2019)

Eamonn Kevin Roche was an Irish-born American Pritzker Prize-winning architect. He was responsible for the design/master planning for over 200 built projects in both the U.S. and abroad. These projects include eight museums, 38 corporate headquarters, seven research facilities, performing arts centers, theaters, and campus buildings for six universities. In 1967 he created the master plan for the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and thereafter designed all of the new wings and installation of many collections including the reopened American and Islamic wings.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cranbrook Educational Community</span> Research and museum complex of Cranbrook Schools in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan

The Cranbrook Educational Community is an education, research, and public museum complex in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan. This National Historic Landmark was founded in the early 20th century by newspaper mogul George Gough Booth. It consists of Cranbrook Schools, Cranbrook Academy of Art, Cranbrook Art Museum, Cranbrook Institute of Science, and Cranbrook House and Gardens. The founders also built Christ Church Cranbrook as a focal point in order to serve the educational complex. However, the church is a separate entity under the Episcopal Diocese of Michigan. The sprawling 319-acre (1,290,000 m2) campus began as a 174-acre (700,000 m2) farm, purchased in 1904. The organization takes its name from Cranbrook, England, the birthplace of the founder's father.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eliel Saarinen</span> Finnish-American architect (1873–1950)

Gottlieb Eliel Saarinen was a Finnish-American architect known for his work with art nouveau buildings in the early years of the 20th century. He was also the father of famed architect Eero Saarinen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New Haven Coliseum</span> Sports and entertainment arena in Connecticut, U.S.

New Haven Coliseum was a sports and entertainment arena located in downtown New Haven, Connecticut. Construction began in 1968 and was completed in 1972. The Coliseum was officially closed on September 1, 2002, by Mayor John DeStefano Jr., and demolished by implosion on January 20, 2007.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tensile structure</span> Structure whose members are only in tension

In structural engineering, a tensile structure is a construction of elements carrying only tension and no compression or bending. The term tensile should not be confused with tensegrity, which is a structural form with both tension and compression elements. Tensile structures are the most common type of thin-shell structures.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ezra Stiles College</span> Residential college at Yale University

Ezra Stiles College is one of the fourteen residential colleges at Yale University, built in 1961 and designed by Eero Saarinen. The college is named after Ezra Stiles, the seventh President of Yale. Architecturally, it is known for its lack of right angles between walls in the living areas. It sits next to Morse College.

Hannskarl Bandel, was a German-American structural engineer.

Roche Dinkeloo, otherwise known as Kevin Roche John Dinkeloo and Associates LLC (KRJDA), is an architectural firm based in Hamden, Connecticut founded in 1966. In 2020, it relocated to New Haven, Connecticut, and took the name Roche Modern.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">César Pelli</span> Argentine-American architect (1926–2019)

César Pelli was an Argentine-American architect who designed some of the world's tallest buildings and other major urban landmarks. Two of his most notable buildings are the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur and the World Financial Center in New York City. The American Institute of Architects named him one of the ten most influential living American architects in 1991 and awarded him the AIA Gold Medal in 1995. In 2008, the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat presented him with The Lynn S. Beedle Lifetime Achievement Award.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yale School of Architecture</span> Architecture school of Yale University

The Yale School of Architecture (YSoA) is one of the constituent professional schools of Yale University. The School awards the degrees of Master of Architecture I, Master of Architecture II, Master of Environmental Design (M.E.D), and Ph.D in architectural history and criticism. The School also offers joint degrees with the Yale School of Management and Yale School of the Environment, as well as a course of study for undergraduates in Yale College leading to a Bachelor of Arts. Since its founding as a department in 1916, the School has produced some of the world's leading architects, including Norman Foster, Richard Rogers, Maya Lin and Eero Saarinen, among others. The current dean of the School is Deborah Berke.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning</span> Urban planning school of the University of Michigan

The A. Alfred Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning, also known as Taubman College, is the school of architecture and urban planning and one of the nineteen schools of the University of Michigan located in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Miller House (Columbus, Indiana)</span> Historic house in Indiana, United States

The Miller House and Garden, also known as Miller House, is a mid-century modern home designed by Eero Saarinen and located in Columbus, Indiana, United States. The residence, commissioned by American industrialist, philanthropist, and architecture patron J. Irwin Miller and his wife Xenia Simons Miller in 1953, is now owned by Newfields. Miller supported modern architecture in the construction of a number of buildings throughout Columbus, Indiana. Design and construction on the Miller House took four years and was completed in 1957. The house stands at 2860 Washington St, Columbus Indiana, and was declared a National Historic Landmark in 2000. The Miller family owned the home until 2008, when Xenia Miller, the last resident of the home, died.

Fred Nicholas Severud was a Norwegian-born, American structural engineer. His projects included the St. Louis Gateway Arch, Seagram Building and Madison Square Garden.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Organic Abstraction</span>

Organic Abstraction is an artistic style characterized by "the use of rounded or wavy abstract forms based on what one finds in nature." It takes its cues from rhythmic forms found in nature, both small scale, as in the structures of small-growth leaves and stems, and grand, as in the shapes of the universe that are revealed by astronomy and physics. Nautillus shells and honeycombs are examples of organic structures that have served as inspiration for this work, along with the bones and musculature of the body, both human and animal.

Warren Platner was an American architect and interior designer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Science Hill (Yale University)</span> Area of the Yale University campus

Science Hill is an area of the Yale University campus primarily devoted to physical and biological sciences. It is located in the Prospect Hill neighborhood of New Haven, Connecticut.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harvard–Yale hockey rivalry</span>

The Harvard–Yale hockey rivalry is a men's ice hockey sports rivalry between the Crimson of Harvard University and the Bulldogs of Yale University dating back to the 19th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Suspended structure</span> Suspended structure architecture

A suspended structure is a structure which is supported by cables coming from beams or trusses which sit atop a concrete center column or core. The design allows the walls, roof and cantilevered floors to be supported entirely by cables and a center column.

Centre sportif de la Ganterie, sometimes called Complexe sportif de la Ganterie, is a public sports complex located on the eponymous rue de la Ganterie in Poitiers, Vienne, France. It consists of an aquatic center and an indoor arena. A private ice rink, which was later acquired by the city and integrated into the swimming pool's heating system, is located close by and considered a semi-official part of the ensemble.
Most of the complex's venues host sections of multisports association Stade Poitevin, and it is located close to Stade Poitevin's headquarters at Stade Paul-Rébeilleau.

References

  1. "America's Favorite Architecture". American Institute of Architects. Archived from the original on 2011-05-10. Retrieved 2010-03-28.
  2. 1 2 3 Bass, Paul; Rae, Douglas (2006). Murder in the Model City: The Black Panthers, Yale, and the Redemption of a Killer . Basic Books. pp.  159–160.
  3. Kalman, Laura (2006). Yale Law School and the Sixties: Revolt and Reverberations. University of North Carolina Press. p. 212. But when a bomb hit Ingalls Rink during May Day weekend, Brewster, who was anathema to the Nixon administration, "considered it equally likely that the bomb could have been set by a provocateur from the left or right."
  4. Donner, Frank (1992). Protectors of Privilege: Red Squads and Police Repression in Urban America. University of California Press. p. 326. A few incidents occurred (the most serious of which was a bombing at the Yale Ingalls Skating Rink; Chief Ahern conjectures that the perpetrators could have been either pro- or anti-Panther), but the weekend passed and the city survived.
  5. Genocchio, Benjamin (March 28, 2010). "Saarinen's Work, in 2 Parts, at Yale". The New York Times . Retrieved 2010-03-28.
  6. Sharif, Amir (30 October 2009). "The Whale Resurfaces". Yale Daily News. Retrieved 16 March 2015.

41°19′00″N72°55′30″W / 41.316552°N 72.925039°W / 41.316552; -72.925039