Saint Petersburg is a federal subject of Russia. [1] The political life of Saint Petersburg is regulated by the city charter adopted by the city legislature in 1998. [2]
The superior executive body is the Saint Petersburg City Administration, led by the governor (mayor before 1996). Saint Petersburg has a unicameral legislature, the Saint Petersburg Legislative Assembly.
According to the federal law passed in 2004, heads of federal subjects, including the governor of Saint Petersburg, are nominated by the President of Russia and approved by local legislatures. If the legislature disapproves the nominee, it is dissolved. The former governor, Valentina Matviyenko was approved according to the new system in December 2006; she moved to another job in Moscow and was replaced on Georgy Poltavchenko in 2011. In 2012, following passage of a new federal law, [3] restoring direct elections of heads of federal subjects, the city charter was again amended to provide for direct elections of governor. [4]
Saint Petersburg city is currently divided into eighteen administrative divisions.
Saint Petersburg is also the administrative center of Leningrad Oblast, and of the Northwestern Federal District. [5]
Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast, despite being different federal subjects, share a number of departments of federal executive agencies, such as courts of arbitration, police, FSB bureaux, postal services, drug enforcement administration, penitentiary service, federal registration service, and other federal services.
As in other large Russian cities, Saint Petersburg experiences fairly high levels of street crime and bribery. In addition, in recent years there has been a noticeable increase in racially motivated violence. On the other hand, unlike in Moscow, there have been no major terrorist attacks in St. Petersburg in recent years. [6] Between the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, Saint Petersburg became home to a number of gangs, such as the Tambov Gang, Malyshev Gang, Kazan gang, and other ethnic criminal groups, who engaged in racketeering, extortion and often violent clashes with each other. [6]
After the sensational assassinations of City Property Committee Chairman Mikhail Manevich (1997), State Duma deputy Galina Starovoytova (1998), acting City Legislature Speaker Viktor Novosyolov (1999) and a number of prominent businesspeople, Saint Petersburg was dubbed capital of crime in the Russian press. [7] [8]
Russia is divided into several types and levels of subdivisions.
Priozersk is a town and the administrative center of Priozersky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located at the northwestern shore of Lake Ladoga, at the estuary of the northern armlet of the Vuoksi River on the Karelian Isthmus. It is served by a station of the same name on the St. Petersburg—Khiytola railway. Population: 18,777 (2021 Census); 18,933 (2010 Census); 20,506 (2002 Census); 20,557 (1989 Census).
Leningrad Oblast is a federal subject of Russia. The oblast has an area of 84,500 square kilometres (32,600 sq mi) and a population of 1,716,868 ; up from 1,669,205 recorded in the 2002 Census. Leningrad Oblast is highly industrialized. Its administrative center and largest city is Gatchina.
Toksovo is an urban locality in Vsevolozhsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located 20 kilometers (12 mi) to the north of St. Petersburg on the Karelian Isthmus. It is served by two neighboring stations of the Saint Petersburg-Khiytola railroad: Toksovo and Kavgolovo (1929). Population: 6,127 (2010 Census); 5,893 (2002 Census); 5,699 (1989 Census).
Krasny Bor is an urban locality in Tosnensky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located 20 kilometers (12 mi) southeast of the center of St. Petersburg. Population: 5,033 (2010 Census); 4,877 (2002 Census); 5,791 (1989 Census).
Mga is an urban locality in Kirovsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia. Population: 10,212 (2010 Census); 9,613 (2002 Census); 9,852 (1989 Census).
Lyuban is a town in Tosnensky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Tigoda River 85 kilometers (53 mi) southeast of St. Petersburg. Population: 4,188 (2010 Census); 4,616 (2002 Census); 5,078 (1989 Census). The median age is 40.9 and the population of Lyuban is 53.5% female.
Nikolskoye is a town in Tosnensky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Tosna River 40 kilometers (25 mi) southeast of the center of St. Petersburg. Population: 19,280 (2010 Census); 17,309 (2002 Census); 17,215 (1989 Census).
The Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg is the regional parliament of Saint Petersburg, a federal subject of Russia. It was established in 1994, succeeding the Leningrad Council of People Deputies (Lensovet).
Ulyanovka is an urban locality in Tosnensky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) southeast of the center of Saint Petersburg. Municipally it is incorporated as Ulyanovskoye Urban Settlement, one of the seven urban settlements in the district. Population: 11,601 (2010 Census); 9,244 (2002 Census); 9,595 (1989 Census).
Batetsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast and borders with Luzhsky District of Leningrad Oblast in the northwest, Novgorodsky District in the east, and with Shimsky District in the south. The area of the district is 1,600 square kilometers (620 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality of Batetsky. District's population: 6,335 (2010 Census); 6,996 ; 7,622 (1989 Census). The population of the administrative center accounts for 35.6% of the district's total population.
The municipal divisions in Russia, also called municipal formations, are territorial divisions of the Russian Federation which are formally granted the authority to manage local affairs through local self-government. As of January 1, 2020, there are 20,846 municipal divisions in Russia, including 1,673 municipal districts, 635 urban okrugs, and 33 municipal okrugs.
Pavlovo is an urban locality in Kirovsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Neva River, at the mouth of the Mga River, east of Saint Petersburg. Municipally, together with three rural localities, it is incorporated as Pavlovskoye Urban Settlement, one of the eight urban settlements in the district. Population: 3,250 (2010 Census); 3,365 (2002 Census); 3,886 (1989 Census).
Fornosovo is an urban locality in Tosnensky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Khennaya River southeast of the town of Pavlovsk. Municipally it is incorporated as Fornosovskoye Urban Settlement, one of the seven urban settlements in the district. Population: 6,408 (2010 Census); 4,866 (2002 Census); 2,774 (1989 Census).
Tolmachyovo is an urban locality in Luzhsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Luga River, northeast of the town of Luga. Population: 3,232 (2010 Census); 3,378 (2002 Census); 3,948 (1989 Census).
Bolshaya Izhora is an urban locality in Lomonosovsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland. It is adjacent from the west to Saint Petersburg. Population: 3,314 (2010 Census); 3,831 (2002 Census); 3,967 (1989 Census).
Imeni Morozova is an urban locality in Vsevolozhsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of Lake Ladoga by the source of the Neva River, northeast of Saint Petersburg. Municipally it is incorporated as Morozovskoye Urban Settlement, one of the eight urban settlements in the district. Population: 10,873 (2010 Census); 10,677 (2002 Census); 12,347 (1989 Census).
Imeni Sverdlova is an urban locality in Vsevolozhsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Neva River, southeast of the center of Saint Petersburg and opposite to Ust-Izhora. Municipally it is incorporated as Sverdlovskoye Urban Settlement, one of the eight urban settlements in the district. Population: 9,260 (2010 Census); 9,197 (2002 Census); 8,905 (1989 Census).
Kuzmolovsky is an urban locality in Vsevolozhsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located north of the city of Saint Petersburg. Municipally it is incorporated as Kuzmolovskoye Urban Settlement, one of the eight urban settlements in the district. Population: 9,689 (2010 Census); 9,725 (2002 Census); 10,435 (1989 Census).