Salisbury Plain, South Georgia

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A colony of up to 60,000 King penguins on Salisbury Plain (Aptenodytes patagonicus). King Penguins at Salisbury Plain (5719368307).jpg
A colony of up to 60,000 King penguins on Salisbury Plain (Aptenodytes patagonicus).

Salisbury Plain (Spanish : Llanura de Salisbury) ( 54°3′S37°21′W / 54.050°S 37.350°W / -54.050; -37.350 ) is a broad coastal plain found with the Bay of Isles on the north coast of South Georgia. It lies between the mouths of Grace and Lucas glaciers on the southern coast of the bay, with Mount Ashley south of it. [1] Best known as the breeding site for as many as 60,000 King penguins, its beaches are also covered with many Southern elephant seals and Antarctic fur seals. [2]

American ornithologist Robert Cushman Murphy made the first detailed study of the birds in the area in 1912–13. He named nearby Grace Glacier after his wife. [3]

The name appears to have been first used on a 1931 British Admiralty chart.

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Rymill Bay is a bay, 9 nautical miles wide at its mouth and indenting 5 nautical miles between Red Rock Ridge and Bertrand Ice Piedmont along the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica.

Mount Ashley is a mountain, 1,155 metres (3,790 ft) high, standing south of the Bay of Isles, South Georgia, between the heads of Grace Glacier and Lucas Glacier. Salisbury Plain is nearby. It is named for Clifford Warren Ashley, an American artist, author, and whaling historian.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Possession Bay</span>

Possession Bay is a bay 2 miles (3.2 km) wide on the north coast of South Georgia, an island in the southern Atlantic Ocean. It recedes southwest for 5 miles (8 km), and is separated from Cook Bay to the north by Black Head promontory. It is connected to King Haakon Bay by Shackleton Gap, a mountain pass.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thatcher Peninsula</span> Landform on South Georgia in the south Atlantic

Thatcher Peninsula is a mountainous peninsula in north-central South Georgia. Its total area is approximately 5,640 hectares, with roughly 1,620 ha covered in vegetation. It terminates to the north in Mai Point, rising between Cumberland West Bay to the west, and Cumberland East Bay and Moraine Fjord to the east. It is bounded to the southwest and south by Lyell Glacier and Hamberg Glacier. King Edward Cove on the east side of the peninsula is the site of the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) Grytviken station and the disused whaling station of the same name.

Hindle Glacier is a glacier 6 miles (10 km) long, flowing north from the vicinity of Mount Paterson into Royal Bay on the north coast of South Georgia. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey (SGS), 1951–52. The name "Bruce Glacier" was used unofficially by the British South Georgia Expedition, 1954–55, but a number of Antarctic features are named for Dr. William S. Bruce. The UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee recommended in 1957 that the glacier be named for Dr. Edward Hindle, a British zoologist who, as Honorary Secretary of the Royal Geographical Society, was of great assistance to the SGS expeditions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mount Fraser (South Georgia)</span>

Mount Fraser is a mountain, 1,610 metres (5,280 ft) high, standing on the south coast of South Georgia immediately north of Novosilski Bay. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Francis C. Fraser, a British zoologist who was a member of the scientific staff at the Discovery Investigations Marine Station, Grytviken, 1926–27, 1928–29, and 1930, and who also worked on the Discovery in 1927 and on the Discovery II between 1929 and 1931.

Esmark Glacier is a glacier flowing into the west part of Jossac Bight on the south coast of South Georgia. It was named by the Norwegian expedition under Olaf Holtedahl, 1927–28, most likely for Jens Esmark, professor of mineralogy at the University of Kristiania (Oslo), Norway. To the northwest is Mount Cunningham.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bay of Isles</span> Bay along the coast of South Georgia

The Bay of Isles is a bay 9 miles (14 km) wide and receding 3 miles (5 km), lying between Cape Buller and Cape Wilson along the north coast of South Georgia. It was discovered in 1775 by a British expedition under James Cook and so named by him because numerous islands lie in the bay. Of South Georgia's 31 breeding bird species, 17 are found here.

Crean Glacier is a glacier 4 miles (6.4 km) long, flowing northwest from Wilckens Peaks to the head of Antarctic Bay on the north coast of South Georgia. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57 and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Irishman Tom Crean, Second Officer of the Endurance during the British expedition under Ernest Shackleton, 1914–16. Crean accompanied Shackleton and Frank Worsley in the James Caird from Elephant Island to King Haakon Bay, South Georgia, and made the overland crossing with them to Stromness; this glacier lies on the route.

Briggs Glacier is a glacier between Mount Worsley and The Trident in central South Georgia, flowing northwest into Murray Snowfield. It was charted as a glacier flowing into the head of Possession Bay in 1929 by Lieutenant Commander John M. Chaplin, Royal Navy (1888–1977). Chaplin was survey officer aboard RRS Discovery during the Discovery Oceanographic Expedition of 1925–1927, and was later in charge of a hydrographic survey party in South Georgia, 1928–30.

The Mariner Glacier is a major glacier over 60 nautical miles long, descending southeast from the plateau of Victoria Land, Antarctica, between Mountaineer Range and Malta Plateau, and terminating at Lady Newnes Bay, Ross Sea, where it forms the floating Mariner Glacier Tongue.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hamberg Glacier</span>

Hamberg Glacier is a glacier which flows in an east-northeasterly direction from the northeast side of Mount Sugartop to the west side of the head of Moraine Fjord, South Georgia. It was charted by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1901–04, under Otto Nordenskiöld, who named it for Axel Hamberg, a Swedish geographer, mineralogist and Arctic explorer.

Helland Glacier is a glacier 4 nautical miles (7 km) long flowing southwest from Mount Paget to Rocky Bay, on the south side of South Georgia. It was mapped by Olaf Holtedahl during his visit to South Georgia in 1927–28, and named by him for Amund Helland, a Norwegian mining geologist and glaciologist.

Jewell Glacier is a short glacier flowing south-southwest from Mount Grant into Jossac Bight on the south coast of South Georgia. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1982 after John A. Jewell, a British Antarctic Survey field assistant in this area in 1976–77, at Rothera Research Station in 1977–78, and Base Commander at Rothera, 1978–80.

Kjerulf Glacier, Norwegian: Kjerulfbreen, is a glacier 7 nautical miles (13 km) long flowing west from Mount Sugartop to the east side of Newark Bay, on the south coast of South Georgia. It was mapped by Olaf Holtedahl during his visit to South Georgia in 1927–28, and named by him for Norwegian geologist Theodor Kjerulf, Professor of Mineralogy at the University of Christiania.

Ryan Glacier is a glacier, 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) long, flowing west to the head of Ice Fjord, South Georgia. The German Antarctic Expedition (1911–12) named this glacier for Dr. Albrecht Penck, though an incorrect spelling "Penk" appeared on published maps. A number of significant Antarctic features, including a glacier, are named for Albrecht Penck. To avoid confusion of these names the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) recommended in 1957 that this feature be renamed. Ryan Glacier is named for Alfredo R.L. Ryan, president since 1946 of the Compañía Argentina de Pesca, which operated the whaling station at Grytviken.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Schmidt Glacier (Heard Island and McDonald Islands)</span>

Schmidt Glacier is a glacier, 0.7 nautical miles (1.3 km) long, flowing west from Baudissin Glacier between Mount Drygalski and North West Cornice, on the west side of Heard Island in the southern Indian Ocean. To the north of Schmidt Glacier is Baudissin Glacier, whose terminus is located at the western side of Corinthian Bay, near Sealers Cove. Kildalkey Head is west of Schmidt Glacier. To the south of Schmidt Glacier is Vahsel Glacier, whose terminus is at South West Bay, between Erratic Point and Cape Gazert. Immediately south of Vahsel Glacier is Allison Glacier. Click here to see a map of Schmidt Glacier and the northwestern coast of Heard Island.

Schrader Glacier is a small glacier which flows to the head of Wilson Harbour on the south coast of South Georgia. Charted by the German Antarctic Expedition under Wilhelm Filchner, 1911–12, and named for Dr. K. Schrader, leader of the German group of the International Polar Year Investigations based at Royal Bay in 1882–83.

Dot Island in the sub-Antarctic is a tiny island lying 0.6 nautical miles (1.1 km) west of Tern Island in the south part of the Bay of Isles, South Georgia. It was first charted by Robert Cushman Murphy in 1912–13 and surveyed in 1929–30 by Discovery Investigations personnel, who probably so named it because of its size and minute appearance when represented on charts.

Mount Macklin is a mountain having 2 peaks, the higher at 1,900 metres (6,200 ft), between Mount Carse and Douglas Crag in the southern part of the Salvesen Range of South Georgia. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Alexander H. Macklin, the medical officer of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition under Ernest Shackleton, 1914–16. Macklin accompanied Shackleton in the voyage of the James Caird from Elephant Island to King Haakon Bay, South Georgia.

References

  1. "Mount Ashley". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  2. Government of South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands. "Visitor Management Plan: Salisbury Plain" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
  3. Shirihai, Hadoram (2002). The Complete Guide to Antarctic Wildlife. Princeton University Press. p. 382. ISBN   0691114145.

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