Shihezi

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Shihezi
石河子
County-level & Sub-prefectural city
Shihezi city 01.jpg
Shihezi
China Xinjiang Shihezi.svg
Location in Xinjiang
Shihezi
China Xinjiang Northern location map.svg
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Shihezi
Location in Xinjiang
China Xinjiang adm location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Shihezi
Shihezi (Xinjiang)
China edcp location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Shihezi
Shihezi (China)
Coordinates: 44°18′19″N86°04′49″E / 44.3054°N 86.0804°E / 44.3054; 86.0804
CountryChina
Autonomous region Xinjiang
Municipal seat Hongshan Subdistrict
Government
 •  CCP Secretary E Hongda (Political Commissar of the 8th Division)
 • MayorGe Zhihui (Commander of the 8th Division)
Area
 • Total460 km2 (180 sq mi)
Population
 (2020) [1]
 • Total498,587
 • Density1,100/km2 (2,800/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+8 (China Standard [lower-alpha 1] )
Postal code
832000
Area code 0993
Website www.shz.gov.cn
شىخەنزە‎يېڭىشەھەر كوچا باشقارمىسى‎
Shihezi
Chinese name
Chinese 石河子
Literal meaningStony river banks
Yëngisheher kocha bashqarmisi659001001
Xiangyang Subdistrict 向阳街道Xiàngyáng Jiēdàoشياڭياڭ كوچا باشقارمىسى‎Shyangyang kocha bashqarmisi659001002
Hongshan Subdistrict 红山街道Hóngshān Jiēdàoخۇڭشەن كوچا باشقارمىسى‎Xungshen kocha bashqarmisi659001003
Laojie Subdistrict 老街街道Lǎojiē Jiēdàoكونا بازار كوچا باشقارمىسى‎Kona Bazar kocha bashqarmisi659001004
Dongcheng Subdistrict 东城街道Dōngchéng Jiēdàoدۇڭچېڭ كوچا باشقارمىسى‎Dungchëng kocha bashqarmisi659001005
Towns
Beiquan Town
(Shihezi Headquarters Farm of the 8th Division)*		北泉镇
(第八师石河子总场)		Běiquán Zhènبېيچۇەن بازىرى‎Bëychuen baziri659001100
Shihezi Town 石河子镇Shíhézǐ Zhènشىخەنزە بازىرى‎Shixenze baziri659001101
township-equivalent region
152nd Regiment Farm **一五二团152 Tuán152-تۇەن‎152-tuen659001500

Demographics

Population by ethnicity – 2010 census [2]
Ethnicity Population%
Han 349,14991.85%
Hui 15,0923.97%
Uyghur 7,5741.99%
Kazakhs 3,0420.80%
Tujia 1,5000.39%
Mongol 6240.16%
Manchu 6200.16%
Kyrgyz 3190.08%
Dongxiang 3060.08%
Xibe 1570.04%
Russian 1380.04%
Others1,6090.43%
Total380,130100%

Economy

Nowadays textile and food industries are the most important in Shihezi. The railway to Wusu and Ürümqi skirts the city, while a United Nations economic development project provided a high-quality highway system for the city. The textile industry is the primary employer, although the international trade environment on textiles has brought in fluctuations in employment. As a hub to surrounding farms, the city's destiny is currently tied with theirs. Sugar beets are cultivated near Shihezi. Cultivation of cotton in the farms was accelerated in the 1990s and now dominates the economy. [3]

Shihezi is also home to a polysilicon factory of Daqo New Energy Corp., one of the largest polysilicon producers in the world. [4]

Geography and climate

Shihezi is located at the northern foothills of the middle part of the Tian Shan range approximately 136 kilometres (85 mi) from the regional capital of Ürümqi.

Although Shihezi is almost surrounded on the east, west and north by the Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture (which also includes the city's eastern neighbor, the much older historically Hui town of Manas), it is not a part of it.

Located in an area further from the nearest seacoast than any other region on earth, Shihezi has a continental semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk ), with a large temperature differences between summer and winter. Monthly average temperatures range from −15.3 °C (4.5 °F) in January to 25.3 °C (77.5 °F), and the annual mean temperature is 7.39 °C (45.3 °F). Precipitation is very low year-round, with an annual total of only 206 millimeters (8.11 in), compared to the annual evaporation rate, which is usually more than 1,000 millimeters (39 in). [5]

Climate data for Shihezi, elevation 443 m (1,453 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)7.6
(45.7)		6.6
(43.9)		22.7
(72.9)		35.4
(95.7)		37.4
(99.3)		39.2
(102.6)		42.2
(108.0)		41.0
(105.8)		39.4
(102.9)		33.3
(91.9)		17.5
(63.5)		8.3
(46.9)		42.2
(108.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)−11.0
(12.2)		−5.8
(21.6)		6.5
(43.7)		20.7
(69.3)		27.0
(80.6)		31.7
(89.1)		33.0
(91.4)		31.7
(89.1)		25.9
(78.6)		16.5
(61.7)		4.0
(39.2)		−7.3
(18.9)		14.4
(58.0)
Daily mean °C (°F)−15.6
(3.9)		−10.6
(12.9)		1.5
(34.7)		13.5
(56.3)		19.7
(67.5)		24.5
(76.1)		25.7
(78.3)		23.7
(74.7)		17.7
(63.9)		9.1
(48.4)		−0.5
(31.1)		−11.3
(11.7)		8.1
(46.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)−20.2
(−4.4)		−15.3
(4.5)		−3.3
(26.1)		6.7
(44.1)		12.5
(54.5)		17.3
(63.1)		18.5
(65.3)		16.3
(61.3)		10.1
(50.2)		2.9
(37.2)		−4.3
(24.3)		−15.0
(5.0)		2.2
(35.9)
Record low °C (°F)−34.4
(−29.9)		−36.5
(−33.7)		−30.5
(−22.9)		−19.4
(−2.9)		−0.2
(31.6)		6.6
(43.9)		9.6
(49.3)		3.5
(38.3)		−0.5
(31.1)		−8.9
(16.0)		−28.9
(−20.0)		−36.0
(−32.8)		−36.5
(−33.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches)10.1
(0.40)		11.0
(0.43)		12.9
(0.51)		29.0
(1.14)		31.6
(1.24)		22.1
(0.87)		22.7
(0.89)		21.3
(0.84)		13.3
(0.52)		18.4
(0.72)		19.6
(0.77)		14.2
(0.56)		226.2
(8.89)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)9.47.64.86.27.47.37.56.44.44.96.89.782.4
Average snowy days14.310.74.21.1000000.76.213.450.6
Average relative humidity (%)82817149444651535463778463
Mean monthly sunshine hours 93.4125.4211.0270.4320.0318.1328.6317.6281.8237.6131.279.22,714.3
Percent possible sunshine 32425666696971757771462959
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration [6] [7]
Source 2: Weather China [5]

The Manas River forms the administrative border between Shihezi City and its eastern neighbor, Manas County. An extensive system of reservoirs (such as the Jiahezi Reservoir (夹河子水库; Jiāhézi shuǐkù, with the dam at 44°27′00″N86°7′15″E / 44.45000°N 86.12083°E / 44.45000; 86.12083 ) and irrigation canals has been constructed in the area, supporting irrigated agriculture.

Education

Shihezi University is located in Shihezi. It is the second-largest university in Xinjiang, with approximately 40,000 students.

Transport

Shihezi is served by China National Highway 312, the Northern Xinjiang and the Second Ürümqi-Jinghe Railways. Reconstruction of the Shihezi Huayuan Airport began in May 2012 and it reopened on 26 December 2015. [8]

Notes

  1. ↑ Locals in Xinjiang frequently observe UTC+6 (Xinjiang Time), 2 hours behind Beijing.

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The Shihezi Headquarters Farm (石河子总场) is an economic and paramilitary formed unit at regiment-level in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC), that is part of the 8th Division of the XPCC (兵团第八师). The farm is headquartered in Beiqun Town (北泉镇) of Shihezi City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. It is composed of 23 companies and 11 residential communities. As of 2018, its population was about 8,5000. The Shihezi Headquarters Farm is co-located with Beiquan Town Government.

References

  1. ↑ Xinjiang: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
  2. ↑ Stanley W. Toops (August 2012). Susan M. Walcott; Corey Johnson (eds.). Eurasian Corridors of Interconnection: From the South China to the Caspian Sea. Routledge. pp. 65–66. ISBN   978-1135078751.
  3. ↑ Shihezi a 'Shining Pearl in the Gobi Desert' (China.org.cn by staff reporter Wang Qian, October 3, 2004)
  4. ↑ "Polysilicon Manufacturers: Global Top 10 | Bernreuter Research". Bernreuter Research. 12 May 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  5. 1 2 石河子城市介绍 (in Simplified Chinese). Weather China. Retrieved 2011-11-29.
  6. ↑ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration . Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  7. ↑ "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration . Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  8. ↑ "石河子花园机场正式通航". 163.com. 26 December 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
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