African diaspora in the Americas

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African diaspora in the Americas
Regions with significant populations
Flag of the United States.svg  United States 46,936,733 [1]
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 20,656,458 [2]
Flag of Haiti.svg  Haiti 10,896,000 [3]
Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia 4,671,160 [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]
Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 2,576,213 [9]
Flag of Jamaica.svg  Jamaica 2,531,000 [10]
Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic 1,704,000 [11] [12]
Flag of Panama.svg  Panama 1,258,915 [13]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 1,198,540 [14]
Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba 1,034,044 [15]
Flag of Venezuela.svg  Venezuela 936,770 [16] [17]
Flag of Peru.svg  Peru 828,824 [18]
Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador 814,468 [19]
Flag of Puerto Rico.svg  Puerto Rico 574,287 [20]
Flag of Nicaragua.svg  Nicaragua 572,000 [21]
Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  Trinidad and Tobago 452,536 [22]
Flag of the Bahamas.svg  Bahamas 324,000 [23]
Flag of Barbados.svg  Barbados 280,000 [24]
Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay 255,074 [25]
Flag of Guyana.svg  Guyana 227,062 [26]
Flag of Suriname.svg  Suriname 202,500 [27]
Flag of Honduras.svg  Honduras 191,000 [28] [29]
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 149,493 [30] [31] [32]
Flag of Saint Lucia.svg  Saint Lucia 142,000 [33]
Flag of Belize.svg  Belize 108,000 [34]
Languages
English, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Haitian Creole, Papiamento, Dutch
Religion
Christianity, Rastafari, Afro-American religions, Traditional African religions, Islam, others
Related ethnic groups
African diaspora, Maroons

The African diaspora in the Americas refers to the people born in the Americas with partial, predominant, or complete sub-Saharan African ancestry. Many are descendants of persons enslaved in Africa and transferred to the Americas by Europeans, then forced to work mostly in European-owned mines and plantations, between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries. Significant groups have been established in the United States (African Americans), in Canada (Black Canadians), in the Caribbean (Afro-Caribbean), and in Latin America (Afro-Latin Americans).

Contents

History

After the United States achieved independence, next came the independence of Haiti, a country populated almost entirely by people of African descent and the second American colony to win its independence from European colonial powers. After the process of independence, many countries have encouraged European immigration to America, thus reducing the proportion of black and mulatto population throughout the country: Brazil, the United States, and the Dominican Republic. Miscegenation and more flexible concepts of race have also reduced the overall population identifying as black in Latin America, whereas the one-drop rule in the United States has had the opposite effect. [35]

From 21 to 25 November 1995, the Continental Congress of Black Peoples of the Americas was held. Black people still face discrimination in most parts of the continent. According to David D.E. Ferrari, vice president of the World Bank for the Region of Latin America and the Caribbean, black people have lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, more frequent and more widespread diseases, higher rates of illiteracy and lower income than Americans of different ethnic origin. Women, also the subjects of gender discrimination, suffer worse living conditions.

On 4 November 2008, the first black U.S. president, Barack Obama, won 52% of the vote. His father was from Kenya and his mother was from Kansas. [36]

Distribution

African diaspora in the Americas by percentage of population
Country% Black African% Mixed Black African
Flag of Haiti.svg  Haiti [3] 95%~5%
Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg  Saint Kitts and Nevis 92.5%3%
Flag of Barbados.svg  Barbados [24] 92.4%3.1%
Flag-of-Martinique.svg  Martinique
92.4%
Flag of Jamaica.svg  Jamaica [10] 92.1%6.1%
Flag of Curacao.svg  Curaçao
91.8%
Flag of the Bahamas.svg  The Bahamas [23] 90.6%2.1%
Flag of the Turks and Caicos Islands.svg Turks and Caicos 87.6%2.5%
Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg  Antigua and Barbuda 87.3%4.7%
Flag of Montserrat.svg  Montserrat 86.2%4.8%
Flag of Saint Lucia.svg  Saint Lucia [33] 85.3%10.9%
Flag of Anguilla.svg  Anguilla 85.3%3.8%
Flag of Dominica.svg  Dominica 84.7%9%
Flag of Grenada.svg  Grenada 82.4%13.3%
Flag of the British Virgin Islands.svg  British Virgin Islands 76.3%5.4%
Flag of the United States Virgin Islands.svg U.S. Virgin Islands 76%2.1%
Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg Vincent and the Grenadines 71.2%23%
Flag of France.svg  French Guiana [37]
66%
Flag of Bermuda.svg  Bermuda 52%9%
Flag of Suriname.svg  Suriname [27] 37.4%13.4%
Flag of Guyana.svg  Guyana [26] 30.2%16.7%
Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  Trinidad and Tobago 34.2% [38] 22.8% [22]
Flag of Panama.svg  Panama [13]
32.8%
Flag of Belize.svg  Belize [34] 25.6%6.1%
Flag of the Cayman Islands.svg  Cayman Islands 20%40%
Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic [11] 15.8%70.4%
Flag of Aruba.svg  Aruba
15%
Flag of the United States.svg  United States [1] 12.4%1.8%
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 10.2%45.3%
Flag of France.svg  Guadeloupe 10%76.7%
Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba 9.3%26.6%
Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia [39]
9.34%
Flag of Nicaragua.svg  Nicaragua
9%
Flag of Puerto Rico.svg  Puerto Rico [20] 7%10.5%
Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador
4.8%
Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay [25] 4.6%3.2%
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada
4.26%
Flag of Venezuela.svg  Venezuela [16] 3.6%51.6%
Flag of Peru.svg  Peru [18]
3.6%
Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico
2.04%
Flag of Honduras.svg  Honduras [28] [29]
2%
Flag of Costa Rica.svg  Costa Rica [40] 1.1%6.7%
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina
0.37%
Flag of Guatemala.svg  Guatemala
0.3%
Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg  Bolivia
0.2%
Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador
0.13%
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay
0.13%
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile
0.06%

Notable people of African descent in the Americas

See also

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