This article needs additional citations for verification .(August 2023) |
This is a list of currently active separatist movements in Oceania . Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism.
What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:
Under each region listed is one or more of the following:
Autonomous Region of Bougainville
Guam and Northern Mariana Islands [26]
Self-determination refers to a people's right to form its own political entity, and internal self-determination is the right to representative government with full suffrage.
Secession is the formal withdrawal of a group from a political entity. The process begins once a group proclaims an act of secession. A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful, but the goal is the creation of a new state or entity independent of the group or territory from which it seceded. Threats of secession can be a strategy for achieving more limited goals.
The Quebec sovereignty movement is a political movement whose objective is to achieve the independence of Quebec from Canada. Sovereignists suggest that the people of Quebec make use of their right to self-determination – a principle that includes the possibility of choosing between integration with a third state, political association with another state or independence – so that Québécois, collectively and by democratic means, give themselves a sovereign state with its own independent constitution.
An associated state is the minor partner or dependent territory in a formal, free relationship between a political territory and a major party—usually a larger nation.
Bougainville, an autonomous region of Papua New Guinea (PNG), has been inhabited by humans for at least 29,000 years, according to artefacts found in Kilu Cave on Buka Island. The region is named after Bougainville Island, the largest island of the Solomon Islands archipelago, but also contains a number of smaller islands.
Regionalism is a political ideology that seeks to increase the political power, influence and self-determination of the people of one or more subnational regions. It focuses on the "development of a political or social system based on one or more" regions and/or the national, normative or economic interests of a specific region, group of regions or another subnational entity, gaining strength from or aiming to strengthen the "consciousness of and loyalty to a distinct region with a homogeneous population", similarly to nationalism. More specifically, "regionalism refers to three distinct elements: movements demanding territorial autonomy within unitary states; the organization of the central state on a regional basis for the delivery of its policies including regional development policies; political decentralization and regional autonomy".
A stateless nation is an ethnic group or nation that does not possess its own sovereign state. Use of the term implies that the nation has the right to self-determination, to establish an independent nation-state with its own government. Members of stateless nations may be citizens of the country in which they live, or they may be denied citizenship by that country. Stateless nations are usually not represented in international sports or in international organisations such as the United Nations. Nations without a state are classified as fourth-world nations. Some stateless nations have a history of statehood, while some were always stateless.
A federacy is a form of government where one or several substate units enjoy considerably more independence than the majority of the substate units. To some extent, such an arrangement can be considered to be similar to asymmetric federalism.
An independence referendum is a type of referendum in which the residents of a territory decide whether the territory should become an independent sovereign state. An independence referendum that results in a vote for independence does not always ultimately result in independence.
The United Nations Special Committee on the Situation with Regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, or the Special Committee on Decolonization (C-24), is a committee of the United Nations General Assembly that was established in 1961 and is exclusively devoted to the issue of decolonization.
This article relates to historical and current separatist movements within Australia. Separatism conventionally refers to full political separation, including secessionism; groups simply seeking greater autonomy are not separatist as such.
The Wiradjuri Central West Republic is an unrecognized Aboriginal nation of Wiradjuri people, one of several such micronations that have asserted their autonomy within Australia as part of a separatist movement named the Sovereign Union. Declaring independence on 22 January 2014, at Wellington council chambers, the declaration served to assert the Wiradjuri people's inherent sovereignty, challenging the Australian government's authority and advocating for self-determination. It is the latest of a string of aboriginal declarations of independence on the continent, the others being: the Murrawarri Republic on March 30, 2013, the Euahlayi Peoples Republic on August 3, 2013, and the Republic of Mbarbaram.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)