Psilocybe caerulipes

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Psilocybe caerulipes
Psilocybe caerulipes Mexico.jpg
Wild Psilocybe caerulipes in Veracruz, Mexico
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Hymenogastraceae
Genus: Psilocybe
Species:
P. caerulipes
Binomial name
Psilocybe caerulipes
Psilocybe caerulipes range map.jpg
Range of Psilocybe caerulipes
Synonyms

Agaricus caerulipes

Psilocybe caerulipes
Information icon.svg
Gills icon.png Gills on hymenium
Convex cap icon.svgUmbonate cap icon.svg Cap is convex or umbonate
Adnate gills icon2.svgSinuate gills icon2.svg Hymenium is adnate or sinuate
Bare stipe icon.svg Stipe is bare
Transparent spore print icon.svg
Spore print is purple-brown
Saprotrophic fungus.svgEcology is saprotrophic
Mycomorphbox Psychoactive.pngEdibility is psychoactive

Psilocybe caerulipes, commonly known as blue-foot, is a rare psilocybin mushroom of the family Hymenogastraceae, [1] having psilocybin and psilocin as main active compounds. An older synonym is Agaricus caerulipes.

Contents

It is in the section Semilanceatae, other members of the section include Psilocybe bohemica , Psilocybe callosa , Psilocybe carbonaria , Psilocybe cyanofibrillosa , Psilocybe fimetaria , Psilocybe indica , Psilocybe liniformans var. liniformans , Psilocybe liniformans var. americana , Psilocybe pelliculosa , Psilocybe semiinconspicua , Psilocybe semilanceata , Psilocybe serbica , Psilocybe silvatica , Psilocybe subfimetaria and Psilocybe venenata .

Etymology

From the Latin words caerulea (blue) and pes (foot).

Description

Psilocybe caerulipes has a farinaceous taste and a no to slightly farinaceous odor.

Habitat

Psilocybe caerulipes may be found growing solitary to cespitose, in deciduous forests on hardwood slash and debris, plant matter, on or about decaying hardwood logs, birch, beech and maple.

Season

Psilocybe caerulipes grows from late May through December.

Distribution

Psilocybe caerulipes grows in eastern North America, from Nova Scotia to North Carolina, and west to Michigan. It has also been found as far south as Mexico in the states of Hidalgo and Veracruz. [2] [3] In Mexico it is found in cloud forests on Fagus. It is often overlooked as just another little brown mushroom, and although widely distributed, it is not found often. It is sometimes confused with the larger Psilocybe ovoideocystidiata .

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Psilocybe azurescens is a species of psychedelic mushroom whose main active compounds are psilocybin and psilocin. It is among the most potent of the tryptamine-bearing mushrooms, containing up to 1.8% psilocybin, 0.5% psilocin, and 0.4% baeocystin by dry weight, averaging to about 1.1% psilocybin and 0.15% psilocin. It belongs to the family Hymenogastraceae in the order Agaricales.

<i>Psilocybe quebecensis</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Psilocybe baeocystis</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Psilocybe ovoideocystidiata</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Gymnopilus aeruginosus</i> Species of fungus

Gymnopilus aeruginosus, also known as the magic blue gym, is a mushroom-forming fungus that grows in clusters on dead wood and wood chip mulch. It is widely distributed and common in the Pacific Northwest. It has a rusty orange spore print and a bitter taste and contains the psychedelic chemical psilocybin. It was given its current name by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1951.

<i>Psilocybe strictipes</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Psilocybe guilartensis</i> Species of fungus

Psilocybe guilartensis is a psilocybin mushroom which has psilocybin and psilocin as main active compounds. It is common in Puerto Rico.

Psilocybe galindoi is a psychedelic mushroom in the section Mexicana, having psilocybin and psilocin as its main active compounds. It is also known as Psilocybe galindii. The species was named in honor of Mr. Carlos Galindo Arias and his family by Dr. Gastón Guzmán.

<i>Psilocybe fimetaria</i> Species of fungus

Psilocybe fimetaria is a psilocybin mushroom, having psilocybin and psilocin as main active compounds. It grows exclusively on horse and cow dung.

Psilocybe graveolens is an extremely rare psilocybin mushroom which has psilocybin and psilocin as main active compounds, discovered in the salt marshes or "meadows" of Hackensack, New Jersey. This mushroom is known for its strong and persistent odor.

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<i>Psilocybe caerulescens</i> Species of fungus

Psilocybe caerulescens, also known as landslide mushroom, is a psilocybin mushroom having psilocybin and psilocin as main active compounds. Along with Psilocybe mexicana and Psilocybe aztecorum, it is one of the mushrooms likely to have been used by the Aztecs and is currently used by Mazatec shamans for its entheogenic properties.

<i>Psilocybe mescaleroensis</i> Species of fungus

Psilocybe mescaleroensis is a psychedelic mushroom which has psilocybin and psilocin as main active compounds. This mushroom is closely related to Psilocybe hopii and Psilocybe cyanescens. It was brought to scientific attention by Lee Walstad.

<i>Psilocybe stuntzii</i> Species of fungus

Psilocybe stuntzii, also known as Stuntz's blue legs and blue ringers it is a psilocybin mushroom of the family Hymenogastraceae, having psilocybin and psilocin as main active compounds.

Psilocybe plutonia is a small psilocybin mushroom of the family Hymenogastraceae, believed to contain psilocybin and psilocin. It was first documented from Cuba. An older synonym is Agaricus plutonia.

<i>Psilocybe aztecorum</i> Species of fungus

Psilocybe aztecorum is a species of psilocybin mushroom in the family Hymenogastraceae. Known from Arizona, Colorado, central Mexico, India and Costa Rica, the fungus grows on decomposing woody debris and is found in mountainous areas at elevations of 2,000 to 4,000 m, typically in meadows or open, grassy conifer forests. The mushrooms have convex to bell-shaped caps 1.5–2 cm (0.6–0.8 in) in diameter, atop slender cylindrical stems that are up to 7.5 cm (3.0 in) long. The color of the caps changes with variations in hydration, ranging from dark chestnut brown to straw yellow or whitish when dry. The base of the stem is densely covered with conspicuous white rhizomorphs, a characteristic uncommon amongst Psilocybe species.

<i>Psilocybe hispanica</i> Species of fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae

Psilocybe hispanica is a species of fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae. It produces small brown mushrooms with conical to convex caps up to 10 mm (0.4 in) in diameter and stems 16 to 25 mm long by 0.5 to 1 mm thick. Reported as new to science in 2000, it is only known from the Pyrenees mountain range in northern Spain and southwestern France, where it grows on horse dung in grass fields at elevations of 1,700 to 2,300 m. The mushroom contains the psychoactive compound psilocybin. The possible depiction of this species in the 6,000-year-old Selva Pascuala rock art suggests that it might have been used in ancient religious rituals—the oldest evidence of such usage in prehistoric Europe.

<i>Psilocybe neoxalapensis</i> Species of mushroom

Psilocybe neoxalapensis is a species of psilocybin mushroom in the family Hymenogastraceae. Found in Veracruz, Mexico, it was originally described in 2005 under the name Psilocybe novoxalapensis, but this naming was later determined to be invalid, and it was renamed P. neoxalapensis in 2009. It is in the Psilocybe fagicola complex with Psilocybe fagicola, Psilocybe oaxacana, Psilocybe banderillensis, Psilocybe columbiana, Psilocybe keralensis, Psilocybe herrerae, and Psilocybe teofiloi.

<i>Psilocybe allenii</i> Species of fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae

Psilocybe allenii is a species of agaric fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae. Described as new to science in 2012, it is named after John W. Allen, who provided the type collection. It is found in the northwestern North America from British Columbia, Canada to Los Angeles, California, most commonly within 10 miles (16 km) of the Pacific coast.

<i>Psilocybe angulospora</i> Species of agaric fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae

Psilocybe angulospora is a species of agaric fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae. The species was described from Taiwan in 2015 and is also present in New Zealand, where it is considered introduced. As a blueing member of the genus Psilocybe it contains the psychoactive compounds psilocin and psilocybin.

References

  1. Ramírez-Cruz, Virginia; Guzmán, Gastón; Villalobos-Arámbula, Alma Rosa; Rodríguez, Aarón; Matheny, P. Brandon; Sánchez-García, Marisol; Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura (2013). "Phylogenetic inference and trait evolution of the psychedelic mushroom genus Psilocybe sensu lato (Agaricales)". Botany. 91 (9). Canadian Science Publishing: 573–591. doi: 10.1139/cjb-2013-0070 . ISSN   1916-2790.
  2. 1 2 Singer R, Smith AH. (1958). Mycological investigations on Teonanácatl, the Mexican hallucinogenic mushroom. Part II. A taxonomic monograph of Psilocybe, section Caerulescentes. Mycologia50(2): 262-303.
  3. Guzmán G. (1973). Some distributional relationships between Mexican and United States mycofloras. Mycologia65: 1319-1330.

Further reading