Sulfate fluoride

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The sulfate fluorides are double salts that contain both sulfate and fluoride anions. They are in the class of mixed anion compounds. Some of these minerals are deposited in fumaroles.

Contents

Fluoride sulfates were first discovered by Jean Charles de Marignac in 1859. [1] [2]

Some elements such as cobalt or uranium can form complexes that contain fluoride and sulfate groups, and would be referred to as fluoro and sulfato metallates.

List

Minerals

nameformularatiosystemspace groupunit cell Åvolumedensityopticalreferences
Chukhrovite-(Ca) Ca4.5Al2(SO4)F13·12H2O1:13 Isometric Fd3a = 16.749 Z=84698.62.23isotropic n = 1.432 [3]
Chukhrovite-(Ce) Ca3(Y,Ce)(AlF6)2(SO4)F · 10H2O1:13IsometricFd3 [4]
Chukhrovite-(Y) Ca3(Ce,Y)(AlF6)2(SO4)F · 10H2O1:13IsometricFd3 [5]
Chukhrovite-(Nd) Ca3(Nd,Y)Al2(SO4)F13·12H2O1:13IsometricFd3a = 16.759 Z=84,707.02.42isotropic nα = 1.443 [6]
Meniaylovite Ca4[(SO4)(SiF6)(AlF6)]F · 12H2O1:13IsometricFd3a = 16.722 Z=84,675.89Isotropic n = 1.43
Pseudograndreefite Pb6(SO4)F101:10 Orthorhombic F2 2 2a = 8.51 b = 19.57 c = 8.49 Z=41,413.93Biaxial (+) nα = 1.864 nβ = 1.865 nγ = 1.873

2V: measured: 30° , calculated: 40°

Max birefringence: δ = 0.009

 [7]
Creedite Ca3SO4Al2F8(OH)2 · 2H2O1:8 Monoclinic B2/ba = 13.936, b = 8.606, c = 9.985 β = 94.39° Z=41,194.022.713Biaxial (-) nα = 1.461 nβ = 1.478 nγ = 1.485

Max birefringence: δ = 0.024

 [8]
Thermessaite K2AlF3(SO4)1:3OrthorhombicPbcna = 10.81 b = 8.336 c = 6.822614.752.77
Grandreefite Pb2(SO4)F21:2monoclinicA2/aa = 8.667 b = 4.4419 c = 14.242 β = 107.418 Z=4523.157.15Biaxial (+) nα = 1.872 nβ = 1.873 nγ = 1.897

2V: Measured: 23°

Max Birefringence: δ = 0.025

 [9]
Arangasite Al2F(PO4)(SO4) · 9H2O1:1monoclinicP2/aa = 7.073 b = 9.634 c = 10.827 β = 100.40 Z = 2725.72.01Biaxial (+) ?nα = 1.493(5) nγ = 1.485(5)

Max birefringence: δ = 0.008

 [10] [11]
Khademite Al(SO4)F · 5H2O1:1orthorhombica = 11.17 b = 13.05 c = 10.881,585.961.925Biaxial (-) nα = 1.440 nβ = 1.460 nγ = 1.487

2V: measured: 68° calculated: 84°

Max birefringence δ = 0.047

colourless

 [12]
Kogarkoite Na3(SO4)F1:1Monoclinic?P21a = 18.07 b = 6.94 c = 11.44 β = 107.72° Z=121,366.582.676Biaxial (+) nα = 1.439 nβ = 1.439 nγ = 1.442

Max Birefringence: δ = 0.003

 [13]
kononovite NaMg(SO4)F1:1monoclinicC2/ca = 6.662 b = 8.584 c = 7.035 β = 114.06 Z=4367.42.91biaxial (+), nα = 1.488 nβ = 1.491 nγ = 1.496 2Vmeas = 75°

Max birefringence: δ = 0.008

 [14]
Lannonite Mg2Ca4Al4(SO4)8F8 · 24H2O8:8 Tetragonal I4/ma = 6.860 c = 28.0531,320.162.22Uniaxial (+) nω = 1.460 nε = 1.478

Max Birefringence:δ = 0.018

 [15]
Sulphohalite Na6(SO4)2FCl2:1IsometricFm3mIsotropic [16]
Uklonskovite NaMgSO4F•2H2O1:1monoclinica = 7.2 Å, b = 7.21 Å, c = 5.73 β = 113.23°273.34Biaxial (+) nα = 1.476 nγ = 1.500

Max Birefringence δ = 0.024

 [17]
Vlodavetsite AlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2O2:2TetragonalI4/ma = 6.870, c = 13.342 Z=2629.70Uniaxial (+) nω = 1.509 nε = 1.526

Max birefringence: δ = 0.017

 [18]
Schairerite Na21(SO4)7ClF67:6 trigonal 3_2/ma = 12.17 c = 19.292,474.252.67Uniaxial (+) nω = 1.440 nε = 1.445

Max birefringence: δ = 0.005

 [19]
Galeite Na15(SO4)5F4Cl5:4Trigonala = 12.17 c = 13.941,788.03Uniaxial (+) nω = 1.447 nε = 1.449

Max Birefringence: δ = 0.002

 [20]
Fluorellestadite Ca10(SiO4)3(SO4)3F23:2hexagonala = 9.53 c = 6.91543.493.03Uniaxial (-) nω = 1.655 nε = 1.650

Max birefringence:δ = 0.005

 [21]
Straßmannite Al(UO2)(SO4)2F·16H2O2:1monoclinicC2/ca = 11.0187 b = 8.3284 c = 26.673 β = 97.426°2427.22.20pale yellowish green

Biaxial (-) nα = 1.477(2) nβ = 1.485(2) nγ = 1.489(2)

2V: measured: 70° calculated: 70.2°

Max birefringence: δ = 0.012

 [22]
Svyazhinite (Mg,Mn2+,Ca)(Al,Fe3+)(SO4)2F · 14H2O2:1 triclinic a = 6.21 b = 13.3 c = 6.25 α = 90.15°, β = 93.56°, γ = 82.08°510.29Biaxial (-) nα = 1.423 nβ = 1.439 nγ = 1.444

2V: calculated: 56°

Max birefringence: δ = 0.021

 [23]
Wilcoxite MgAl(SO4)2F · 17H2O2:1triclinicP1a = 6.644, b = 6.749, c = 14.892 α = 79.664°, β = 80.113°, γ = 62.487579.61.58Biaxial (-) nα = 1.424 nβ = 1.436 nγ = 1.438

2V: measured: 48° , calculated: 44°

Max birefringence: δ = 0.014

 [24]
Krasheninnikovite KNa2CaMg(SO4)3F3:1hexagonalP63/mcma = 16.6682 c = 6.9007 Z = 61660.362.68Uniaxial (-) nω = 1.500 nε = 1.492

Max birefringence: δ = 0.008

 [25]
Shuvalovite K2(Ca2Na)(SO4)3F3:1orthorhombicPnmaa = 13.2383 b = 10.3023 c = 8.9909 Z = 41226.222.64biaxial (−), nα = 1.493 nβ = 1.498 nγ = 1.498 2Vmeasured ≤ 20 [26]
Thermessaite-(NH4)(NH4)2AlSO4F31:3orthorhombicPbcna = 11.3005 b = 8.6125 c = 6.8501 Z = 4666.69 [27]

Artificial

nameformulaMWratiosystemspace groupunit cellvolumedensityopticalCASreferences
LiMgFSO41:1triclinicP1a = 5.1623 b = 5.388 c = 7.073 α = 106.68 β=107.40 and γ=97.50° Z=2 [28]
NaMgSO4F1:1monoclinicC2/cZ=4109.8022.84 [29]
Na2AlSO4F31:1monoclinicP2/ca=6.3562 b=6.2899 c=7.1146 β=115.687° Z=2256.332.928 [30]
Li4NH4Al(SO4)2F42:4monoclinicC2/ca=13.6561 b=4.9761 c=13.9919 β=92.135° Z=4950.22.383 [30]
Na4TiF4(SO4)22:4 [31]
β-K3[SO4]F1:1tetragonalI4/mcma= 7.2961 c= 10.854 [32]
α-K3[SO4]F1:1cubicPm3ma≈5.43 ≥585 °C [32]
KMgSO4F178.471:1orthorhombicPna21a=12.973 b=6.4585 c=10.635 Z=8891.12.661colourless [33] [34]
Li6K3Al(SO4)4F44:4triclinicP1a=5.0304 b=9.5690 c=9.7078 α=70.968° β=75.531° γ=75.183° Z=1420.082.554 [30]
sodium calcium sulfapatiteNa6Ca4(SO4)6F26:2
K3Ca2(SO4)3F3:1orthorhombicPn21aa=13.467 b=10.521 c=9.167 Z=41299.9 [35]
[N2C10H12] TiF4SO4378.16?1:4triclinicP1a=8.691 b=9.208 c=9.288 α=68.56 β=84.30 γ=81.59 Z=2              683.61.837colourless [31]
[N2C10H12]TiF2(SO4)2436.22?2:2triclinicP1a=4.5768 b=8.9162 c=10.1236 α=112.888 β=95.196 γ=98.706 Z=1              371.111.952colourless [31]
Rb2TiF2(SO4)2 · 2H2O1:1 [36]
Cs2TiF2(SO4)2 · 3H2O1:1 [36]
[N2C6H16]V(SO4)2F378.272:1monoclinicP21/ca=10.262 b =17.761 c=7.0518 β=93.93 Z=4                 1282.31.959green [31]
Na2VF3SO41:3 [31]
Na3CrF2(SO4)22:2 [31]
LiMnSO4F1:1monoclinica=13.2406 b=6.4082 c=10.0229 β=120.499732.76 [37]
[N2C6H16]2+Mn2F2(SO4)22:2 [31]
Li2MnF3(SO4)1:3pink-brown [38]
(NH4)2MnF3(SO4)1:3pink-brown [38]
Na2MnF3(SO4)1:3pink-brown [38]
Dipotassium trifluorosulfato manganate(III)K2MnF3(SO4)1:3pink-brown [38]
FeFSO4170.911:1monoclinicC2/ca = 7.3037 b = 7.0753 c = 7.3117 β = 119.758°328.0173.461 [39]
K2FeF3SO41:3 [31]
Li3FeF2(SO4)2·H2O2:2 [31]
[N2C6H16]Fe(SO4)2F383.182:1monoclinicP21/ca=10.2220 b=17.6599 c=7.0437 β=93.894 Z=41268.592.006brown [31]
LiFeFSO4177.851:1triclinicP1a = 5.1751 b = 5.4915 c = 7.2211 α = 106.506° β = 107.178° γ=97.865°182.443.237grass green [39]
sodium ferrous sulfate fluorideNaFeFSO4193.911:1monoclinicP21/ca = 6.6739 b = 8.6989 c = 7.1869 β = 113.525°382.5673.366 [39]
sodium ferrous sulfate fluoride dihydrateNaFeFSO4·2H2O1:1monoclinicP21/ma=5.75959 b=7.38273 c=7.25047 β=113.3225283.109white [40]
trisodium ferric disulfate difluorideNa3Fe(SO4)2F22:2orthorhombicPncaa = 6.6419 b = 8.8115 c = 14.0023 [41]
NaCoFSO41:1monoclinicC2/ca=6.6687 b=8.6251 c=7.1444 β=114.323374.46 [42]
NaCoFSO4·2H2O1:1monoclinicP21/ma=5.73364 b=7.31498 c=7.18640 β=113.5028276.40pink [40]
NH4CoFSO4·2H2O1:1 [43]
KCoFSO4·2H2O1:1 [43]
NaNiFSO4·2H2O1:1monoclinicP21/ma=5.70118 b=7.27603 c=7.15634 β=113.8883271.429green [40]
LiZnSO4F1:1orthorhombicPnma7.40357 b=6.32995 c=7.42016347.740 [44]
KZnSO4F219.531:1orthorhombicPna21a=13.0602 b=6.4913 c=10.7106 Z=8908.023.212transparent <190 nm [34]
K2Zn3(SO4)(HSO4)2F41:4orthorhombicCmc21a=17.725 b=7.6650 c=9.7505 Z=41324.73.212colourless [45]
Li4RbAl(SO4)2F42:4monoclinicC2/ca=13.6503 b=4.984 c=14.0081 β=91.509° Z=4948.822.858 [46]
Y(SO4)F203.971:1orthorhombicPnmaa=8.3128, b=6.9255, c=6.3905 Z=4367.903.682 [47]
YSO4F·H2O1:1monoclinicP21/na=4.9707 b=7.306 c=11.493 β =96.95°birefringence 0.0357 at 546 nm [48]
Y2Cu(OH)3(SO4)2F·H2O521.522:1monoclinicP21/na=11.6889, b=6.8660, c=12.5280, β=97.092° Z=4997.83.472blue [47]
KYSO4F21:2monoclinicP21/ma=6.4402 b=5.7784 c=6.992 β=113.684° Z=2238.303.652band gap 7.79 eV; birefringence 0.015 @ 546.1 nm [49]
RbYSO4F21:2monoclinicP21/ma=6.5347 b=5.8212 c=7.1383 β=114.332° Z=2247.424.140band gap 7.82 eV; birefringence 0.02 @ 546.1 nm [49]
Zr2O2F2SO4 · 6H2O1:2 [50]
α-K3ZrF5SO4 · H2O1:5 [36]
K2ZrF4SO41:4 [36]
K2ZrF2(SO4)2 · 2.5H2O2:2 [36]
K3Zr2F9SO4 · 2H2O1:9 [36]
(NH4)3Zr2F9SO4 · 2H2O1:9 [36]
(NH4)2ZrF4SO41:4 [36]
(NH4)2ZrF2(SO4)2 · 2.5H2O2:2 [36]
Rb2ZrF4SO41:4 [36]
Rb2ZrF2(SO4)2 · 3H2O2:2 [36]
Rb3Zr2F9SO4 ·2H2O1:9 [36]
RbZr2O2F(SO4)2 · 5H2O2:1 [36]
Cs2ZrF4SO41:4 [36]
Cs2ZrF2(SO4)2 · 2H2O2:2 [36]
Cs8Zr4F2(SO4)11 · 16H2O11:2 [36]
CsZr2O2F(SO4)2 · 6H2O2:1 [36]
Zr2O2F2SO4 · 5H2O1:2 [36]
triindium trifluoride sulfate ditellurite hydrateIn3(SO4)(TeO3)2F3(H2O)866.741:3orthorhombicP212121a=8.3115 b=9.4341 c=14.80681161.04.959band gap 4.10 eV; white [51]
4,4'-bipyridine distannous difluoride disulfate(C10H10N2)0.5[SnF(SO4)]2:2triclinicP1a=4.726 b=7.935 c=11.203 α = 81.05° β = 87.59° γ=73.70° Z=2398.32.608colourless [52]
diantimony dipotassium hexafluoride sulfateK2SO4·(SbF3)2531.761:6monoclinicP21/ca=9.1962 b=5.6523 c=19.2354 β =103.209 Z=4973.403.629colourless [53]
diantimony dirubidium hexafluoride sulfateRb2SO4·(SbF3)2624.501:6monoclinicP21a=9.405 b=5.7210 c=9.879 β = 103.850 Z=2516.14.018colourless [53]
tetraantimony hexarubidium dodecafluoride trisulfateRb6Sb4F12(SO4)31515.9893:12trigonalP3a=16.9490 c=7.5405 Z=21875.944.026white53168-89-1 [54] [55]
hexaammonium dodecafluorotrisulfatotetraantimonate(III)[NH4]6Sb4F12(SO4)33:12trigonalP3a=17.07 c=7.515 Z=318962.92 [56]
hexarubidium dodecafluorotrisulfatotetraantimonate(III)Rb6Sb4F12(SO4)33:12 [56]
Li4CsAl(SO4)2F42:4monoclinicC2/ca=13.574 b=5.0427 c=14.258 β=91.961° Z=4975.73.103 [46]
tetraantimony hexacaesium dodecafluoride trisulfateCs6Sb4F12(SO4)31800.6013:12triclinicP1a=7.9044 b=10.5139 c=17.3534 al=90.350 β = 90.151 ga=104.797 Z=41394.34.289white53200-54-7 [54] [57]
antimony caesium difluoride sulfateCsSbF2SO4388.721:2orthorhombicPna21a=9.9759 b=11.6616 c=5.2968515.204.19clear, non-linear SH [58]
LiLa2F3(SO4)22:3monoclinicI2/aa = 8.283, b = 6.947, c = 14.209 β = 95.30° Z=4 [59]
CeF2(SO4)1:2orthorhombicPca21a=8.3668 b=6.3600 c=8.3862birefringence 0.361@ 546 nm; SHG 8×KDP [60]
NdFSO4·H2O277.321:1monoclinicP21/na = 4.9948 b = 7.3684 c = 11.6366 β = 96.672° Z=4425.374.330pink [61]
NaPr2F3(SO4)22:3monoclinicI2/aa = 8.223, b = 6.9212, c = 14.199, β = 95.88° Z=4light green [62]
LiEr2F3(SO4)22:3orthorhombicPbcna = 14.791, b = 6.336, c = 8.137 [59]
hexa(triethylenetriammonium) tetrasamarium tetradecasulfate difluoride[C4H16N3]6[Sm4F2(SO4)14]2621.4314:2triclinicP1a = 11.1988 b = 11.4073 c = 16.2666 α = 89.901°, β = 82.406°, γ = 67.757° Z=11903.92.286colourless [61]
TbFSO4·H2O292.001:1monoclinicP21/na = 5.0014 b = 7.377 c = 11.651 β = 96.692° Z=4426.94.543colourless [61]
gadolinium fluoride sulfateGdF[SO4]1:1orthorhombicPnmaa=8.436 b=7.0176 c=6.4338 Z=4 [63]
γ-K2HfF2(SO4)2 · 2H2O2:2 [36]
K2HfF2(SO4)2 · 2.5H2O2:2 [36]
Na6Pb4(SO4)6F26:2 [64]
ThSO4F2.H2O1:2monoclinicP21na = 6.9065 b = 6.9256 c = 10.589 β = 96.755° Z = 4502.98colourless [65]
potassium catena-di—fluoro-difluorotetraoxo-di—sulphato-diuranate(VI) hydrateK2UF2O2(SO4)·H2O1:2monoclinicP21/ca = 9.263 b = 8.672 c = 11.019 β= 101.60° Z = 4867.13.83greenish yellow [66] [67]
(NH4)2[UO2F2(SO4)]triclinicP1a=9.73 b=10.28 c=11.37 α = 107.4°, β = 111.9°, γ =106.9 Z=2greenish yellow [67]
(NH4)6[(UO2)2F4(SO4)3]triclinicP1a=9.35 b=9.85 c=11.25 α = 109.2°, β = 113.1°, γ =102.5 Z=1greenish yellow [67]
Cs2[(UO2)2F4(SO4)]greenish yellow [67]
(NH4)[UO2F(SO4)]triclinicP1a=8.99 b=7.12 c=7.42 α = 114.5°, β = 117.4°, γ =103.2 Z=11.92greenish yellow [67]
RbUO2SO4ForthorhombicPca21a=25.353 b=6.735 c=11.496 Z=12 [68] [69]
[N2C6H16][UO2F2(SO4)]520.291:2triclinicP1a=6.9105 b=9.6605 =10.1033 α=72.6594(14) β=87.068 γ=77.9568 Z=2629.622.744yellow [70]
[N2C6H16][UO2F(SO4)]2884.372:2orthorhombicPmmna=6.9503 b=17.2147 c=7.0867 Z=2847.903.464yellow [70]
[N2C3H12][UO2F(SO4)]2·H2O862.322:2orthorhombicPnmaa=13.5775 b=14.6180 c=8.1168 Z=41610.993.555yellow [70]
[N2C5H14][UO2F(H2O)(SO4)]2907.382:2monoclinicP121/n1a=8.4354 b=15.5581 c=14.8442 β =96.666 Z=41935.03.115yellow [70]
[N2C6H18]2[UO2F(SO4)]4·H2O1792.804:4triclinicP1a=10.8832 b=10.9386 c=16.5325 α=75.6604 β=73.6101 γ=89.7726 Z=21824.733.263yellow [70]
[N2C3H12][UO2F(SO4)]2·H2O864.342:2monoclinicP121/n1a=6.7745 b=8.1589 c=14.3661 β =94.556 Z=2791.543.626yellow [70]
diammonium hydrazinium triuranium(IV) tetrafluoride hexasulfateU4+3F4(SO4)6·2NH4·H3N-NH31436.66:4monoclinicC2/ca=15.2309 b=8.77998 c=18.8590 β=105.5030 Z=42432.694.392green [71]

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The sulfate nitrates are a family of double salts that contain both sulfate and nitrate ions (NO3−, SO42−). They are in the class of mixed anion compounds. A few rare minerals are in this class. Two sulfate nitrates are in the class of anthropogenic compounds, accidentally made as a result of human activities in fertilizers that are a mix of ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate, and also in the atmosphere as polluting ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide react with the oxygen and water there to form solid particles. The nitro group (NO3−) can act as a ligand, and complexes containing it can form salts with sulfate.

The iodate fluorides are chemical compounds which contain both iodate and fluoride anions (IO3− and F−). In these compounds fluorine is not bound to iodine as it is in fluoroiodates.

The borosulfates are heteropoly anion compounds which have sulfate groups attached to boron atoms. Other possible terms are sulfatoborates or boron-sulfur oxides. The ratio of sulfate to borate reflects the degree of condensation. With [B(SO4)4]5- there is no condensation, each ion stands alone. In [B(SO4)3]3- the anions are linked into a chain, a chain of loops, or as [B2(SO4)6]6− in a cycle. Finally in [B(SO4)2]− the sulfate and borate tetrahedra are all linked into a two or three-dimensional network. These arrangements of oxygen around boron and sulfur can have forms resembling silicates. The first borosulfate to be discovered was K5[B(SO4)4] in 2012. Over 75 unique compounds are known.

Borate sulfates are mixed anion compounds containing separate borate and sulfate anions. They are distinct from the borosulfates where the borate is linked to a sulfate via a common oxygen atom.

The borate chlorides are chemical compounds that contain both borate ions and chloride ions. They are mixed anion compounds. Many of them are minerals. Those minerals that crystallise with water (hydrates) may be found in evaporite deposits formed when mineral water has dried out.

Sulfidostannates, or thiostannates are chemical compounds containing anions composed of tin linked with sulfur. They can be considered as stannates with sulfur substituting for oxygen. Related compounds include the thiosilicates, and thiogermanates, and by varying the chalcogen: selenostannates, and tellurostannates. Oxothiostannates have oxygen in addition to sulfur. Thiostannates can be classed as chalcogenidometalates, thiometallates, chalcogenidotetrelates, thiotetrelates, and chalcogenidostannates. Tin is almost always in the +4 oxidation state in thiostannates, although a couple of mixed sulfides in the +2 state are known,

A tellurite fluoride is a mixed anion compound containing tellurite and fluoride ions. They have also been called oxyfluorotellurate(IV) where IV is the oxidation state of tellurium in tellurite.

The phosphate sulfates are mixed anion compounds containing both phosphate and sulfate ions. Related compounds include the arsenate sulfates, phosphate selenates, and arsenate selenates.

Oxalate sulfates are mixed anion compounds containing oxalate and sulfate. They are mostly transparent, and any colour comes from the cations.

Selenite sulfates are mixed anion compounds containing both selenite (SeO32−) and sulfate (SO42−) anions.

Iodate sulfates are mixed anion compounds that contain both iodate and sulfate anions. Iodate sulfates have been investigated as optical second harmonic generators, and for separation of rare earth elements. Related compounds include the iodate selenates and chromate iodates.

References

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