List of Jewish cuisine dishes

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Below is a list of dishes found in Jewish cuisine .

Traditional Ashkenazi dishes

Ashkenazi Jews are the Jews descended from the medieval Jewish communities of the Rhineland in the west of Germany. [1] Ashkenazim or Ashkenazi Jews are literally referring to "German Jews." Many Ashkenazi Jews later migrated, largely eastward, forming communities in non German-speaking areas, including Bohemia (Czech Republic), Hungary, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Russia, Ukraine, Romania, Belarus, and elsewhere between the 10th and 19th centuries. As many of these countries share similar dishes, and were occupied by the Russian and Austro-Hungarian Empires until the end of World War I, the place where the dish originated is uncertain.

Contents

NameImageOriginDescription
Babka Chocolate babka.jpg Eastern Europe Cinnamon and chopped nuts or Chocolate swirled into a challah (egg) bread/cake.
Bagel Bagels-Montreal-REAL.jpg Poland Circle of boiled and baked yeast bread
Bialy Bialy.jpg Poland Similar to the bagel, but without the hole, filled with onions and other ingredients before baking
Blintz Cheese blintzes with blackberries.jpg Russia, Ukraine, Hungary Thin egg pancake wrapped around a sweet mixture of farmer's cheese, potato, or fruit pie filling, similar to a crêpe, but with the ends tucked in and fried again in butter; often served with sour cream.
Brisket Brisketphoto.jpg Central and Eastern EuropeBraised meat from the chest area of a cow
Bublitchki Sushki s makom.JPG Belarus, Russia, Ukraine, Lithuania Mini hard bagel-shaped sweet breads, commonly eaten with tea or coffee.
Challah ChallahS.jpg Southern Germany Braided egg bread
Charoset Olve haroset.jpg Apple and nut dish generally served at Passover
Chicken soup Chicken Soup With Kreplach.jpg A traditional soup for the Sabbath evening dinner, usually spiced with parsley and/or dill, and served with kneidlach or kreplach and vegetables.
Cholent/Chamin Vegetable cholent.jpg A slow-cooked stew of meat, potatoes, beans and barley often served on the Sabbath
Chopped liver ChoppedLiver.jpg Chopped or minced roasted beef or chicken liver, mixed with hard boiled eggs, onions, and spices.
Chrain Chrain3.jpg EuropePickled chopped horseradish, sometimes with beets.
Eyerlekh Development-of-chicken-egg cropped.jpg Unlaid eggs found inside just-slaughtered chickens, typically cooked in soup
Farfel Farfel in alu-tray.jpg Small pellet-shaped egg pasta. A Passover version made from matzo is called matzo farfel.
Gedempte fleisch Essigfleisch (2).JPG Ashkenazic pot roast, traditionally made with beef, various vegetables, tomato paste, and spices.
Gefilte fish Gefilte fish topped with slices of carrot.jpg Central and Eastern Europe Originally a stuffed fish, filled with a mixture of chopped fish, eggs, onions, matzo meal or crumbs, and spices. Nowadays, it usually refers to poached fish cakes or a fish loaf, sometimes made with matzo meal
Goulash Gulasch.jpg Hungary Spicy meat stew
Gribenes Chicken or goose skin cracklings with fried onions, a kosher food somewhat similar to pork rinds. A byproduct of the preparation of schmaltz by rendering chicken or goose fat.
Hamantashen Homemade hamantaschen.jpg Triangular pastry filled with poppy seed or prune paste, or fruit jams, eaten during Purim
Helzel Helzel2.jpg Stuffed poultry neck skin. Stuffing typically includes flour, semolina, matzo meal or bread crumbs, schmaltz, fried onions and spices.
Holishkes
Huluptzes		 Golubzi4.jpg EuropeStuffed cabbage or cabbage roll: cabbage leaves rolled around a mixture of rice and meat, baked with tomatoes
Kasha Grechnevaia kasha.jpg Russia, Ukraine Buckwheat groats cooked in water (like rice) and mixed with oil and sometimes fried onions and mushrooms
Kasha varnishkas Kasha-Varnishkas.jpg Russia, Ukraine A combined dish of kasha with noodles, typically farfalle.
Kichel Kichlach edit0760 (4999713307).jpg A cookie commonly made with egg and sugar rolled out flat and cut into large diamond shapes. Although sweet they are typically eaten with a savoury dip or topping.
Kishke Jewish Kishka.jpg Beef intestines, stuffed with a mixture of matzah meal, spices and shmaltz, and boiled (like a sausage).
Kneidlach, matzah ball MatzahBalls.jpg Pale of Settlement Dumpling made of matzah meal, eggs, and traditionally schmaltz, generally boiled and served in a chicken soup stock.
Knish Lower East Side - Schimmel Knish 2.jpg Pale of Settlement A kind of turnover, filled with one or more of the following: mashed potato, ground meat, sauerkraut, onions, kasha (buckwheat groats) or cheese, and baked or deep fried.
Kreplach Kreplach ClearSoup.jpg Boiled dumpling similar to pierogi or gyoza, filled with meat or mashed potatoes and served in chicken broth
Kremzalech Holland A potato and shredded chicken pattie fried in oil, typically made for Passover
Kugel Kugel.jpg Baked sweet or savory casserole made of noodles or potatoes with vegetables, fruits, fresh cheese, or other items
Latkes
(Potato pancake)		 LatkeFry.JPG Fried potato pancakes, usually eaten at Hanukkah with sour cream or apple sauce.
Lekach
Honey cake		 Honey Cake.jpg Sponge cake with honey, cinnamon and tea.
Lokshen kugel Noodle Kugel.jpg Poland A sweet baked noodle dish often made with egg noodles, curd cheese, raisins, egg, salt, cinnamon, sugar, sour cream, and butter. Other versions are made without dairy ingredients and with other fruits such as apples.
Lox Lox on Bagel, Atlanta GA.jpg Thin slices of cured salmon fillet
Macaroons Macaroons.jpg Sweet egg and almond/coconut cookies usually made Kosher for Passover.
Mandelbrot (cookie) Sliced mandelbrot.jpg Russia, Ukraine Hard, baked almond bread like Italian biscotti. (Also called mandel bread.)
Mandlach Shkedeymarak.jpg Home-made "soup almonds" (soup mandel, soup nuts)
Matzah brei Matzah breit.JPG A Passover breakfast dish made of roughly broken pieces of matzah soaked in beaten eggs and fried.
MiltzSpleen, often stuffed with matzah meal, onions, and spices.
Onion rolls (Pletzlach)Flattened rolls of bread strewn with poppy seeds and chopped onion and kosher salt.
Pastrami Pastrami.jpg Romania Smoked spiced deli meat used in sandwiches, e.g. "pastrami on rye".
Pickled herring (Silodka) Aringa-marinato.jpg Russia, Ukraine Pickled deboned herring with onions; also mixed with sour cream.
Pletzel Unrisen flatbread with sparse savoury toppings like onion
P'tcha (Galareta) hknt rgl qrvSHh - 6.jpg Turkey Calves foot jelly
Rugelach ChocolateRugelach.JPG Poland Flaky pastry spread with cinnamon sugar and chocolate chips or jam, rolled, and baked.
Shlishkes Hungary A twisted dumpling made with a potato dough (similar to gnocchi but for the shape) and covered with butter and breadcrumbs.
Schmaltz Gaenseschmalz-1.jpg Rendered goose or chicken fat (grease)
Schnitzel Israeli schnitzel and pasta.jpg Austria Pounded cutlets of meat dipped in egg and crumbs or matzo meal and fried. Traditionally made with veal, it is nowadays usually made with boneless chicken breast.
Sorrel soup Borscz zelenyj ukr.jpg Eastern Europe Also known as shchav, green borscht or green shchi, it is made from broth or water, sorrel leaves, and salt. Varieties of the same soup include spinach, garden orache, chard, nettle, and occasionally dandelion, goutweed or ramsons, together with or instead of sorrel. It may include further ingredients such as egg yolks or whole eggs, potatoes, carrots, parsley root, and rice.
Soup mandel Shkedeymarak.jpg See also mandelach
Sufganiot Sufganiot.jpg Fried doughnuts, generally eaten at Hanukkah in Israel
Teiglach Teiglach, Traditional Ashkenazi Holiday Dish.jpg

Lithuania

Small sweet boiled pastries
Tzimmes TzimmesS.jpg Sweet stew of carrots and yams, sometimes with raisins or other dried fruit such as prunes or apricots. It is usually vegetarian but can also be made with beef.
Vareniki Virtiniai001.JPG Ukraine
Vorschmack Forshmak po-odesski.jpg Russia, Ukraine Also known as gehakte herring, chopped herring or herring butter. Strong tasting creamy herring spread, served on crackers or bread. Commonly used as a spread.
Yapchik Hungary, Poland Yapchik is a potato-based Ashkenazi Jewish meat dish similar to both cholent and kugel, and of Hungarian Jewish and Polish Jewish origin. It is considered a comfort food, and yapchik has increased in popularity over the past decade, especially among members of the Orthodox Jewish community in North America.

Sephardi and Mizrahi dishes

This section makes reference to the cuisine of the Jews from the Mediterranean and the Middle East.

Sephardim are a subgroup of Jews originating in the Iberian Peninsula (modern Spain and Portugal). After being expelled from Spain and Portugal, they resettled in the Mediterranean basin, most prominently in Turkey, Greece, Morocco and Algeria.

Mizrahim is an umbrella term for the Judeo-Arabic and Judeo-Persian speaking Jewish communities from the Middle East, North Africa, the Caucasus and Central Asia. Although Mizrahi Jews are not descended from the Jews expelled from the Iberian Peninsula, they are also called Sephardi to contrast them to the Ashkenazi culture and religious rites.

As in the case of Ashkenazi cuisine, the place of birth of the recipes of the Sephardi and Mizrahi cuisine is generally uncertain.

NameImageOriginDescription
Adafina Spain a version of hamin popular among Spanish Jews
Baba ghanoush Baba Ghanoush.jpg The Levant (Syria, Lebanon, Middle East, Jordan)Broiled eggplant mixed with garlic, lemon, tahini, and spices. Israeli Baba Ganouj is made with mayonnaise instead of tahini and is sometimes called salat hatzilim (eggplant salad).
Baklava Baklava - Turkish special, 80-ply.JPEG Turkey Sweet dessert pastry made of layers of filo filled with chopped nuts, drizzled with syrup or honey
Bourekas Potato bourekas.jpg Turkey, Greece, Algeria, Tunisia Small parcels of flakey pastry, filled with either cheese, potatoes, mushrooms or spinach, then baked or fried
Carciofi alla giudia Carciofo alla Giudia.jpg Italy a deeply fried artichoke
Couscous Couscous-1.jpg Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia Crushed durum wheat semolina, steamed and served with vegetable or meat soup or stew
Falafel Falafel.JPG Egypt, Israel, Palestine, Lebanon [2] [3] Deep fried chickpea balls.
Fazuelos Fazuelos sephradic.jpg Morocco Pastries of thin fried dough.
Gondi Gondiisrael.jpg (Iran, Azerbaijan & Dagestan)Ground chickpea and chicken ball, seasoned with cardamom, cooked and served as a traditional Persian and a Caucasian soup.
Hamin Chamin.jpg a Sephardi or Israeli version of cholent
Hummus Egypt, the Levant and Turkey Dip made of mashed chickpeas, tahini, lemon juice and paprika
Israeli salad Salad.jpg Arab salad (mostly popular in the Levant (Syria, Lebanon, Middle East, Jordan)Chopped cucumber and tomato cold dish, often served for breakfast
Jachnun Jachnun.jpg Yemen Thinly rolled out dough, brushed with butter, oil, or margarine, rolled up like strudel and baked
Jerusalem mixed grill Jerusalemmixedgrillisraeli.jpg Israel It consists of chicken hearts, spleens and liver mixed with bits of lamb cooked on a flat grill, seasoned with onion, garlic, black pepper, cumin, turmeric, olive oil and coriander. [4]
Kubba IraqRound or oval savory croquettes made of semolina or bulghur [cracked wheat] dough, filled with minced onions and spicy minced lean meat (beef, lamb, goat or camel meat) and served raw, fried or cooked in savory sauce.
Kubba Bamia IraqA stew made of semolina kubba, okra cooked in tomato sauce.
Kubba Shwandar IraqA stew of semolina kubba cooked with beet
Kubba Matfuniya Kubbeh Matfuniyah.jpg IraqBall-shaped kubba
Kubba Hamusta IraqA stew of semolina kubba cooked in sour sauce
Mafrum mprvm byty msvrty.jpg Libya A stuffed vegetable dish made from root vegetables, typically potatoes, filled with ground meat and then fried and simmered in a tomato-based sauce.
Ma'amoul Mamoul biscotti libanesi.jpg The Levant (Syria, Lebanon, Middle East, Jordan Date filled cookies
Malawach Malawach.jpg Yemen A flaky fried bread, similar to puff pastry, made by folding multiple layers of thin dough with butter, then cooking in a hot skillet.
Mofletta Moofletta.jpg Morocco A thin crêpe made from water, flour and oil, traditionally eaten during the Mimouna celebration, the day after Passover. Mofletta is usually served with honey syrup
Oshi sabo/Oshi savo Uzbekistan the hamin of Bukharan Jews
Pita Tarbua hapita.jpg Middle East is a family of yeast-leavened round flatbreads baked from wheat flour, common in the Mediterranean, Middle East, and neighboring areas.
Sabich Sabich1.jpg IraqA sandwich of spiced eggplant with hard boiled egg and pickles.
Sambusac The Levant (Syria, Lebanon, Middle East, Jordan), Turkey, Egypt Savory fried pastries made from flakey dough, similar to samosas, usually filled with chickpea paste or meat.
Shakshuka Shakshuka 011.jpg Algeria, Libya, Tunisia Eggs sauteed in a spicy tomato sauce
Tabouleh SHn tbwl@.JPG Lebanon Bulghur wheat mixed with parsley and other vegetables in a cold salad.
Tebit Iraqthe hamin of Iraqi Jews

See also

Related Research Articles

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<i>Cholent</i> Ashkenazi Jewish Sabbath stew

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kosher style</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bourekas</span> Filled pastry in Sephardic Jewish cuisine

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sephardic Jewish cuisine</span> Assortment of cooking traditions of Sephardic Jews

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mizrahi Jewish cuisine</span> Assortment of cooking traditions of Mizrahi Jews

Mizrahi Jewish cuisine is an assortment of cooking traditions that developed among the Jews of the Middle East, North Africa, Asia, and Arab countries. Mizrahi Jews have also been known as Oriental Jews.

Syrian Jewish cuisine is the cuisine of the Syrian Jews. Although almost all Jews had left Syria by 2016, their cuisine has been preserved in books and family recipes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">American Jewish cuisine</span> Food, cooking, and dining customs associated with American Jews

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Ethiopian Jewish cuisine is the cuisine of the Beta Israel. The cuisine of the Ethiopian Jews is similar to the cuisine of other Ethiopians, with some variations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine</span> Cooking traditions among Ashkenazi Jews

Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine is an assortment of cooking traditions that was developed by the Ashkenazi Jews of Central, Eastern, Northwestern and Northern Europe, and their descendants, particularly in the United States and other Western countries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pilpelchuma</span> Israeli chilli-garlic paste

Pilpelchuma, also spelled pilpelshuma, is a chilli-garlic paste similar to a hot sauce originating from the Libyan Jews and commonly used in Israeli cuisine.

Lokshen, also known as Itriyot, locshen, lockshen, or Jewish egg noodles, is the common name of a range of Ashkenazi Jewish egg noodles that are commonly used in a variety of Jewish dishes including chicken soup, kugel, kasha varnishkes, lokshen mit kaese, and as a side dish to Jewish brisket, sweet and sour meat balls, apricot chicken, and many other dishes. They may also be served with melted butter or a simple tomato sauce. In the United States, lokshen are also used as the basis for various casseroles and baked dishes including tuna noodle casserole, and both sweet and savory lokshen kugels.

References

  1. ↑ Mosk, Carl (2013). Nationalism and economic development in modern Eurasia. New York: Routledge. p. 143. ISBN   9780415605182. In general the Ashkenazi originally came out of the Holy Roman Empire, speaking a version of German that incorporates Hebrew and Slavic words, Yiddish.
  2. ↑ McDonaldization: The Reader p.387
  3. ↑ Guttman, Vered (April 24, 2012). "No Matter Where It Originated, Falafel Is Still Israel's National Food". Haaretz. Retrieved February 17, 2023. Israelis who argue falafel is their own face strong objections from Egyptians, Palestinians and Lebanese, who themselves claim to be the sole owners of these fried chickpea balls.
  4. ↑ Daniel Rogov (2007-03-22). "Dining Out / Mixed Jerusalem grill in Tel Aviv". Haaretz. Retrieved 2013-03-20.
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