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Administrative divisions of Nepal |
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Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal (since 2015) |
Nepal Portal Administrative divisions by country |
Municipality | |
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Kathmandu, the largest city (Metro city) | |
Category | Municipality |
Location | Nepal |
Created |
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Number | 6 Metro City 11 Sub-metro city 276 Urban Municipality (as of 20 September 2015) |
Populations | 845,767 - 8,370 |
Areas | 547.43 square kilometres (211.36 sq mi) - 6.89 square kilometres (2.66 sq mi) |
Government | |
Subdivisions |
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List of Gaupalikas of Nepal |
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(alternative subdivision) |
Cities and towns in Nepal are incorporated under municipality. A municipality in Nepal is a sub-unit of a district. The Government of Nepal has set-out a minimum criteria for municipalities. These criteria include a certain population, infrastructure and revenues. Presently, there are 293 municipalities in Nepal among which 6 are metropolis, 11 are sub-metropolis and 276 are municipal councils. Other than that there are 460 rural municipalities totaling 753 local level government within Nepal. [1]
Kathmandu, the capital, is also the largest city. [2] [3] In terms of area, Pokhara is the largest metropolitan city covering a subtotal of 464.28 km2 [4] while Lalitpur is the smallest, with an area of 36.12 km2. Ghorahi is the largest sub-metropolitan city with an area of 522.21 km2 where as Dhangadhi is the largest sub-metropolitan city by a population of 204,788. Budhanilkantha with a population of 179,688 is the largest municipality followed by Birendranagar with a population of 154,886. In terms of area, Sitganga is the largest municipality with an area of 610.43 square kilometres (235.69 sq mi). [5]
Along with other major criteria as mentioned in Local Governance Act 2017 of Nepal, the number of population to be considered as the municipality: the minimum population in mountainous district should be 10,000 while hilly districts, inner terai districts, terai districts, and Kathmandu valley should include forty thousand, fifty thousand, seventy thousand and one hundred thousand respectively. For sub-metropolitan, the population should be two hundred thousand, and it should be five hundred thousand for metropolitan. [6]
The list includes the cities and not urban agglomerations.
Classification:
The Ministry of Federal Affairs and General Administration has classified the local units into four grades based on infrastructure and social development. [7] [8]
Classification | Type | Quantity | |
---|---|---|---|
Grade 'A' | Very remote | 18 | |
Grade 'B' | Remote | 43 | |
Grade 'C' | Fairly accessible | 133 | |
Grade 'D' | Accessible | 99 |
The cities listed in bold are the capitals of their respective provinces of Nepal while that in bold and italic is the country capital.
Name | Nepali | District | Province | Population (2021) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | Website |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kathmandu | काठमाडौँ | Kathmandu | Bagmati | 845,767 | 49.45 | 17,103 | |
Pokhara | पोखरा | Kaski | Gandaki | 599,504 | 464.24 | 1,117 | |
Bharatpur | भरतपुर | Chitwan | Bagmati | 369,377 | 432.95 | 853 | |
Lalitpur | ललितपुर | Lalitpur | Bagmati | 299,843 | 36.12 | 8,301 | |
Birgunj | वीरगञ्ज | Parsa | Madhesh | 268,273 | 132.07 [9] | 2,031 | |
Biratnagar | विराटनगर | Morang | Koshi Pradesh | 244,750 | 77.00 [9] | 3,179 | |
Name | Nepali | District | Province | Population (2021) | Area | Density | Website |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dhangadhi | धनगढी | Kailali | Sudurpashchim | 204,788 | 261.75 | 782 | |
Ghorahi | घोराही | Dang | Lumbini | 201,079 | 522.21 | 385 | |
Itahari | इटहरी | Sunsari | Koshi Pradesh | 198,098 | 93.78 | 2,112 | |
Hetauda | हेटौडा | Makawanpur | Bagmati | 195,951 | 261.59 | 749 | |
Janakpurdham | जनकपुर | Dhanusha | Madhesh | 195,438 | 91.97 | 2,125 | |
Butwal | बुटवल | Rupandehi | Lumbini | 195,054 | 101.61 | 1,920 | |
Tulsipur | तुल्सिपुर | Dang | Lumbini | 180,734 | 384.63 | 470 | |
Dharan | धरान | Sunsari | Koshi Pradesh | 173,096 | 192.32 | 900 | |
Nepalgunj | नेपालगञ्ज | Banke | Lumbini | 166,258 | 85.94 | 1,935 | |
Kalaiya | कलैया | Bara | Madhesh | 141,179 | 108.94 | 1,296 | |
Jitpursimara | जीतपुरसिमरा | Bara | Madhesh | 119,148 | 312.18 | 382 |
Name | Nepali | District | Province | Population (2021) | Area | Density | Website |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Budhanilkantha | बुढानिलकण्ठ | Kathmandu | Bagmati | 179,688 | 34.8 | 5,163 | |
Birendranagar | वीरेन्द्रनगर | Surkhet | Karnali | 154,886 | 245.06 | 632 | |
Tarakeshwar | तारकेश्वर | Kathmandu | Bagmati | 151,508 | 54.95 | 2,757 | |
Gokarneshwar | गोकर्णेश्वर | Kathmandu | Bagmati | 151,200 | 58.5 | 2,585 |
Name | Nepali | District | Province | Population (2021) | Area | Website |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tilottama | तिलोत्तमा | Rupandehi | Lumbini | 149,657 | 126.19 | |
Suryabinayak | सूर्यविनायक | Bhaktapur | Bagmati | 137,971 | 42.45 | |
Chandragiri | चन्द्रागिरी | Kathmandu | Bagmati | 136,928 | 43.9 | |
Tokha | टोखा | Kathmandu | Bagmati | 135,741 | 17.11 | |
Kageshwari-Manohara | कागेश्वरी मनोहरा | Kathmandu | Bagmati | 133,327 | 27.38 | |
Mechinagar | मेचीनगर | Jhapa | Koshi Pradesh | 131,520 | 192.85 | |
Bhimdatta | भीमदत्त | Kanchanpur | Sudurpashchim | 123,316 | 78.24 | |
Sundar Haraincha | सुन्दरहरैंचा | Morang | Koshi Pradesh | 121,305 | 110.16 | |
Madhyapur Thimi | मध्यपुर थिमी | Bhaktapur | Bagmati | 119,955 | 11.47 | |
Mahalaxmi | महालक्ष्मी | Lalitpur | Bagmati | 118,710 | 26.51 | |
Birtamod | बिर्तामोड | Jhapa | Koshi Pradesh | 117,355 | 78.24 | |
Nagarjun | नागार्जुन | Kathmandu | Bagmati | 115,507 | 29.85 | |
Damak | दमक | Jhapa | Koshi Pradesh | 107,410 | 70.86 | |
Triyuga | त्रियुगा | Udayapur | Koshi Pradesh | 104,375 | 547.43 | |
Lahan | लहान | Siraha | Madhesh | 102,955 | 167.17 | |
Godawari | गोदावरी | Lalitpur | Bagmati | 100,972 | 96.11 | |
Kohalpur | कोहलपुर | Banke | Lumbini | 100,289 | 184.26 |
Name | Nepali | District | Province | Population (2011) | Area | Website |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tikapur | टिकापुर | Kailali | Sudurpashchim | 90,115 | 121.92 | |
Siraha | सिरहा | Siraha | Madhesh | 82,531 | 94.2 | |
Bhaktapur | भक्तपुर | Bhaktapur | Bagmati | 81,728 | 6.89 | |
Godawari | गोदावरी | Kailali | Sudurpashchim | 78,018 | 305.63 | |
Barahachhetra | बराहक्षेत्र | Sunsari | Koshi Pradesh | 77,408 | 222.09 | |
Kapilvastu | कपिलवस्तु | Kapilvastu | Lumbini | 76,394 | 136.91 | |
Lamki Chuha | लम्की चुहा | Kailali | Sudurpashchim | 90,941 | 225 | |
Bardaghat | बर्दघाट | Nawalparasi West | Lumbini | 76,703 | 162.05 | [8] |
Ghodaghodi | घोडाघोडी | Kailali | Sudurpashchim | 75,586 | 354.45 | |
Banganga | बाणगंगा | Kapilvastu | Lumbini | 75,242 | 233.68 |
The list includes the cities and not urban agglomerations. The list includes the cities with 100,000+ population.
Definition: The Ministry of Federal Affairs and General Administration has classified the local units into four grades based on infrastructure and social development: [7] [8]
The cities listed in bold are the capitals of their respective provinces of Nepal while that in bold and italic is the country capital.
City | Population (2021) [11] | Population (2011) [12] | Change (%) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | District | Province |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kathmandu | 845,767 | 975,453 | −13.29% | 49.45 | 17,103 | Kathmandu | Bagmati |
Pokhara | 518,452 | 255,465 | +102.94% | 464.28 | 1,117 | Kaski | Gandaki |
Bharatpur | 369,377 | 143,836 | +156.80% | 432.95 | 853 | Chitwan | Bagmati |
Lalitpur | 299,843 | 220,802 | +35.80% | 36.12 | 8,301 | Lalitpur | Bagmati |
Birgunj | 268,273 | 135,904 | +97.40% | 132.07 | 2,031 | Parsa | Madhesh |
Biratnagar | 244,750 | 201,125 | +21.69% | 77.00 | 3,179 | Morang | Koshi Pradesh |
Dhangadhi | 204,788 | 101,970 | +100.83% | 261.75 | 782 | Kailali | Sudurpashchim |
Ghorahi | 201,079 | 62,928 | +219.54% | 522.21 | 385 | Dang | Lumbini |
Itahari | 198,098 | 74,501 | +165.90% | 93.78 | 2,112 | Sunsari | Koshi Pradesh |
Hetauda | 195,951 | 84,671 | +131.43% | 261.59 | 749 | Makawanpur | Bagmati |
Janakpur | 195,438 | 97,776 | +99.88% | 91.97 | 2,125 | Dhanusha | Madhesh |
Butwal | 195,054 | 118,462 | +64.66% | 101.61 | 1,920 | Rupandehi | Lumbini |
Tulsipur | 180,734 | 51,537 | +250.69% | 384.63 | 470 | Dang | Lumbini |
Budhanilkantha | 179,688 | 107,918 | +66.50% | 34.8 | 5,163 | Kathmandu | Bagmati |
Dharan | 173,096 | 116,181 | +48.99% | 192.32 | 900 | Sunsari | Koshi Pradesh |
Nepalgunj | 166,258 | 72,503 | +129.31% | 85.94 | 1,935 | Banke | Lumbini |
Birendranagar | 154,886 | 47,914 | +223.26% | 245.06 | 632 | Surkhet | Karnali |
Tarakeshwar | 151,508 | 81,443 | +86.03% | 54.95 | 2,757 | Kathmandu | Bagmati |
Gokarneshwar | 151,200 | 107,351 | +40.85% | 58.5 | 2,585 | Kathmandu | Bagmati |
Tilottama | 149,657 | 100,149 | +49.43% | 126.19 | 1,186 | Rupandehi | Lumbini |
Kalaiya | 141,179 | 42,826 | +229.66% | 108.94 | 1,296 | Bara | Madhesh |
Suryabinayak | 137,971 | 78,490 | +75.78% | 42.45 | 3,250 | Bhaktapur | Bagmati |
Chandragiri | 136,928 | 85,195 | +60.72% | 43.9 | 3,119 | Kathmandu | Bagmati |
Tokha | 135,741 | 99,032 | +37.07% | 17.11 | 7,933 | Kathmandu | Bagmati |
Kageshwari-Manohara | 133,327 | 60,237 | +121.34% | 27.38 | 4,870 | Kathmandu | Bagmati |
Mechinagar | 131,520 | 57,545 | +128.55% | 192.85 | 682 | Jhapa | Koshi Pradesh |
Bhimdatta | 123,316 | 104,599 | +17.89% | 78.24 | 1,576 | Kanchanpur | Sudurpashchim |
Sundar Haraincha | 121,305 | 80,518 | +50.66% | 110.16 | 1,101 | Morang | Koshi Pradesh |
Thimi | 119,955 | 83,036 | +44.46% | 11.47 | 10,458 | Bhaktapur | Bagmati |
Jitpursimara | 119,148 | 117,094 | +1.75% | 312.18 | 382 | Bara | Madhesh |
Mahalaxmi | 118,710 | 62,172 | +90.94% | 26.51 | 4,478 | Lalitpur | Bagmati |
Birtamod | 117,355 | 81,878 | +43.33% | 78.24 | 1,500 | Jhapa | Koshi Pradesh |
Nagarjun | 115,507 | 67,420 | +71.32% | 29.85 | 3,870 | Kathmandu | Bagmati |
Damak | 107,410 | 75,102 | +43.02% | 70.86 | 1,516 | Jhapa | Koshi Pradesh |
Triyuga | 104,375 | 70,000 | +49.11% | 547.43 | 191 | Udayapur | Koshi Pradesh |
Lahan | 102,955 | 33,653 | +205.93% | 167.17 | 616 | Siraha | Madhesh |
Godawari | 100,972 | 78,301 | +28.95% | 96.11 | 1,051 | Lalitpur | Bagmati |
Kohalpur | 100,289 | 36,019 | +178.43% | 184.26 | 544 | Banke | Lumbini |
The list includes the Metropolitan Areas which includes multiple cities and urban municipalities. The list of Metropolitan Area includes 300,000+ population.
The list includes then existing municipalities as enumerated by the Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal). The list includes the cities and not urban agglomerations.
The list of cities by population based on 1991 Nepal census are: [16] [17]
City | Population (1991 Nepal census) | Households | Development region |
---|---|---|---|
Kathmandu | 421,258 | 81,139 | Central |
Biratnagar | 129,388 | 24,043 | Eastern |
Lalitpur | 115,865 | 20,630 | Central |
Pokhara | 95,286 | 20,273 | Western |
Birgunj | 69,005 | 11,084 | Central |
Dharan | 66,457 | 12,549 | Eastern |
Mahendranagar | 62,050 | 9,875 | Far-Western |
Bhaktapur | 61,405 | 9,187 | Central |
Janakpur | 54,710 | 9,668 | Central |
Bharatpur | 54,670 | 10,918 | Central |
The list of cities by population based on 2001 Nepal census are: [18]
The list includes cities with more than 35,000 population.
City | Population (2001 Nepal census) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | Households | Development region |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kathmandu | 671,846 | 49.45 | 13586.37 | 152,155 | Central |
Biratnagar | 166,674 | 58.48 | 2850.10 | 33,678 | Eastern |
Lalitpur | 162,991 | 15.15 | 10758.48 | 34,996 | Central |
Pokhara | 156,312 | 55.22 | 2830.71 | 37,305 | Western |
Birgunj | 112,484 | 21.17 | 5313.37 | 19,910 | Central |
Dharan | 95,332 | 103.38 | 922.15 | 20,428 | Eastern |
Bharatpur | 89,323 | 162.16 | 550.83 | 19,922 | Central |
Mahendranagar | 80,839 | 171.24 | 472.08 | 13,738 | Far-Western |
Butwal | 75,384 | 69.28 | 1088.11 | 16,281 | Western |
Janakpur | 74,192 | 24.61 | 3014.71 | 13,734 | Central |
Bhaktapur | 72,543 | 6.56 | 11,058.38 | 12,133 | Central |
Hetauda | 68,482 | 47.77 | 1,433.58 | 14,271 | Central |
Dhangadhi | 67,447 | 103.73 | 650.22 | 11,738 | Far-Western |
Nepalgunj | 57,535 | 12.51 | 4,599.12 | 10,592 | Mid-Western |
Triyuga | 55,291 | 319.88 | 172.85 | 10,506 | Eastern |
Siddharthanagar | 52,569 | 36.03 | 1,459.03 | 9,419 | Western |
Mechinagar | 49,060 | 55.72 | 880.47 | 9,926 | Eastern |
Madhyapur Thimi | 47,751 | 11.11 | 4,298.02 | 9,551 | Central |
Gulariya | 46,011 | 95.14 | 483.61 | 7,939 | Mid-Western |
Tribhuvan Nagar (Ghorahi) | 43,126 | 74.45 | 579.26 | 8,945 | Mid-Western |
Lekhnath | 41,369 | 77.45 | 534.14 | 9,362 | Western |
Itahari | 41,210 | 42.37 | 972.62 | 8,624 | Eastern |
Kirtipur | 40,835 | 14.76 | 2,766.60 | 9,487 | Central |
Tikapur | 38,722 | 67.11 | 576.99 | 6,287 | Far-Western |
Ratnanagar | 37,791 | 35.62 | 1,060.95 | 7,456 | Central |
Damak | 35,009 | 70.63 | 495.67 | 7,178 | Eastern |
The list of cities by population based on 2011 Nepal census are: [19]
The list includes cities with more than 40,000 population.
City | Population (2011 Nepal census) | Households | Development region |
---|---|---|---|
Kathmandu | 975,453 | 254,292 | Central |
Pokhara | 255,465 | 68,236 | Western |
Lalitpur | 220,802 | 54,581 | Central |
Biratnagar | 201,125 | 45,131 | Eastern |
Birgunj | 135,904 | 24,164 | Central |
Butwal | 118,462 | 29,662 | Western |
Dharan | 116,181 | 27,750 | Eastern |
Bhimdatta | 104,599 | 20,684 | Far-Western |
Dhangadhi | 101,970 | 21,030 | Far-Western |
Janakpur | 97,776 | 19,183 | Central |
Hetauda | 84,671 | 19,851 | Central |
Thimi | 83,036 | 20,302 | Central |
Bhaktapur | 81,748 | 17,639 | Central |
Damak | 75,102 | 18,104 | Eastern |
Itahari | 74,501 | 18,270 | Eastern |
Nepalgunj | 72,503 | 15,180 | Mid-Western |
Triyuga | 70,000 | 15,926 | Eastern |
Kirtipur | 65,602 | 19,441 | Central |
Siddharthanagar | 63,483 | 12,497 | Western |
Ghorahi | 62,928 | 15,485 | Mid-Western |
Lekhnath | 58,816 | 14,937 | Western |
Mechinagar | 57,545 | 13,181 | Eastern |
Tikapur | 56,127 | 11,630 | Far-Western |
Gulariya | 55,747 | 11,220 | Mid-Western |
Tulsipur | 51,537 | 12,214 | Mid-Western |
Birendranagar | 47,914 | 12,029 | Mid-Western |
Ratnanagar | 46,367 | 10,851 | Central |
Byas | 42,899 | 11,321 | Western |
Kalaiya | 42,826 | 6,847 | Central |
An urban area, built-up area or urban agglomeration is a human settlement with a high population density and an infrastructure of built environment. This is the core of a metropolitan statistical area in the United States, if it contains a population of more than 50,000.
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