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This is a list of wars involving Georgia and its predecessor states. The list gives the name, the date, the combatants, and the result of these conflicts following this legend:
Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
720s BC | Scytho-Cimmerian invasion of Colchis | Colchis | Scythians Cimmerians | Defeat |
65 BC | Pompey's campaign of Georgia | Kingdom of Iberia Colchis | Roman Republic | Defeat
|
35-54 | Iberian–Armenian War | Kingdom of Iberia Roman Empire (35-50, 52-54) | Kingdom of Armenia Parthian Empire Roman Empire (50-51) | Inconclusive |
58-63 | Roman–Parthian War of 58–63 | Roman Empire Sophene Lesser Armenia Kingdom of Iberia Commagene Kingdom of Pontus | Kingdom of Armenia Parthian Empire | Defeat
|
Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
526-532 | Iberian War | Byzantine Empire Kingdom of Iberia Ghassanids Huns Heruli Kingdom of Aksum Kingdom of Kinda | Sasanian Empire Lakhmid kingdom Sabirs | Inconclusive |
541-562 | Lazic War | Byzantine Empire Lazica (548-562) | Sasanian Empire Lazica (541-548) | Inconclusive [1] |
602-628 | Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 | Sasanian Empire Avars (and Slavic allies) Sasanian Iberia Jewish and Samaritan rebels (c. 614) Lakhmids Lombards Visigoths | Byzantine Empire Western Turkic Khaganate Ghassanids | Defeat
|
735-737 | Umayyad invasion of Georgia | Principality of Iberia Kingdom of Abkhazia | Umayyad Caliphate | Defeat |
914 | Sajid invasion of Georgia | Kingdom of the Iberians Principality of Kakheti Kingdom of Abkhazia | Sajid dynasty | The Sajids withdraw from Georgia |
993-998 | David III's campaigns against the Muslims | Kingdom of the Iberians Bagratid Armenia | Marwanids Rawadid dynasty | Victory |
Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
1941-1945 | World War II | Allies | Axis | Allied victory |
1979-1989 | Soviet–Afghan War | Soviet Union | Peshawar Seven Tehran Eight | Defeat |
After 545 truces brought peace to most of the border regions, but the war lingered in the Caucasus until 561, when Khosrow and Justinian finally agreed to a fifty-year peace. There was no definite victor, but the Sasanian Empire was in a slightly better position as Rome was obliged to pay a fixed sum to Persia each year.
Tamar the Great reigned as the Queen of Georgia from 1184 to 1213, presiding over the apex of the Georgian Golden Age. A member of the Bagrationi dynasty, her position as the first woman to rule Georgia in her own right was emphasized by the title mepe ("king"), afforded to Tamar in the medieval Georgian sources.
Odishi was a historical district in western Georgia, the core fiefdom of the former Principality of Mingrelia, with which the name "Odishi" was frequently coterminous. Since the early 19th century, this toponym has been supplanted by Mingrelia (Samegrelo).
The Battle of Basiani was fought between the armies of the Kingdom of Georgia and the Seljukid Sultanate of Rum in the Basiani Valley, 60 km north-east of the city of Erzurum in what is now northeast Turkey. The date of the battle has been debated, but recent scholarship tends to favor the years 1203 or 1204. According to modern Turkish historians, the site of the battle is usually identified as the castle of Micingerd (Mazankert).
The Shaddadids were a Kurdish Sunni Muslim dynasty. who ruled in various parts of Armenia and Arran from 951 to 1199 AD. They were established in Dvin. Through their long tenure in Armenia, they often intermarried with the Bagratuni royal family of Armenia.
George VII of the Bagrationi dynasty, was king (mepe) of Georgia from 1393 to 1407. George put up a stiff resistance and had to spend much of his reign fighting against Timur.
The Kingdom of Georgia, also known as the Georgian Empire, was a medieval Eurasian monarchy that was founded in c. 1008 AD. It reached its Golden Age of political and economic strength during the reign of King David IV and Queen Tamar the Great from the 11th to 13th centuries. Georgia became one of the pre-eminent nations of the Christian East, and its pan-Caucasian empire and network of tributaries stretched from Eastern Europe to Anatolia and northern frontiers of Iran, while Georgia also maintained religious possessions abroad, such as the Monastery of the Cross in Jerusalem and the Monastery of Iviron in Greece. It is the principal historical precursor of present-day Georgia.
Dgebuadze was a Georgian noble family from the province of Mingrelia. In the 19th century, they served to the Dadiani princes of Mingrelia as governors (mouravi) of the canton of Salipartiano. According to the historian Cyril Toumanoff, they were accepted among the princely nobility of the Russian Empire in 1903.
The Timurid invasions of Georgia were eight invasions between 1386 and 1403 of the Kingdom of Georgia in the Caucasus by the Timurid Empire. Led by Timur, the Timurids ultimately conquered the Christian monarchy and made it a tributary state that kept its independence and religion.
Bediani was a medieval title, or a territorial epithet, of the Dadiani, the ruling family of Mingrelia in western Georgia, derived from the canton of Bedia, in Abkhazia, and in use from the end of the 12th century into the 15th. Bediani was occasionally used as a praenomen. The extent of the fief of Bedia is difficult to define; by the latter half of the 17th century, the Shervashidze of Abkhazia had supplanted the Dadiani in that area.
Giorgi I Dadiani was a member of the House of Dadiani and eristavi ("duke") of Odishi in western Georgia from the late 13th century until his death.
Mamia I Dadiani was a member of the House of Dadiani and eristavi ("duke") of Odishi in western Georgia from 1323 until his death.
Liparit I Dadiani was a member of the House of Dadiani and eristavi ("duke") of Odishi, latter-day Mingrelia, in western Georgia from 1414 until his death. Under his rule, Mingrelia became largely independent from the disintegrating Kingdom of Georgia in the 1460s.
Shamadavle Dadiani was a member of the House of Dadiani and eristavi ("duke") of Odishi (Mingrelia) in western Georgia from 1470 until his death. He succeeded his father Liparit I Dadiani and continued his predecessors' efforts to garner more autonomy as the united Kingdom of Georgia was approaching to its end.
Vameq II Dadiani was a member of the House of Dadiani and eristavi ("duke") of Odishi (Mingrelia) in western Georgia from 1474 until his death.
Liparit II Dadiani was a member of the House of Dadiani and eristavi ("duke") of Odishi, that is, Mingrelia, in western Georgia from 1482 until his death.
Mamia III Dadiani was a member of the House of Dadiani and eristavi ("duke") of Odishi, that is, Mingrelia, in western Georgia from 1512 until his death. Mamia was a son and successor of Liparit II Dadiani, who had emerged as a semi-independent ruler in the process of dissolution of the Kingdom of Georgia. Mamia was culturally active in Abkhazia and continued his predecessors' efforts to secure borders against the North Caucasian mountainous tribes of Zygia. His naval expedition against them and landing in Zygia ended in a fiasco and Mamia was killed in battle.
Levan I Dadiani was a member of the House of Dadiani and ruler of Odishi, that is, Mingrelia, in western Georgia. He succeeded on the death of his father, Mamia III Dadiani, as eristavi ("duke") of Odishi and ex officio mandaturt-ukhutsesi of Imereti in 1533. Dadiani's break with the king of Imereti brought about his downfall and imprisonment in 1546. He was able to escape and regain his possessions, securing Ottoman support for his independence from Imereti.
The siege of Alinja occurred between the armies of the Jalayirid Sultanate and Timurid Empire starting in 1388. Two offensives by the Qara Qoyunlu would interrupt the sieges, but by 1396 Miran Shah had resumed besieging the fortress. In 1399, George VII of Georgia attacked the Timurids and released some of those who had been imprisoned. In retaliation, Timur ravaged southern Georgia and northern Armenia, killing, destroying, and enslaving people. The fortress managed to withstand the intermittently siege, but faced with starvation, surrendered in 1401.
The Battle of Rukh was fought in 1779 between the combined armies of the Kingdom of Imereti, and the Principalities of Mingrelia and Guria against the Ottoman Empire.