List of wars involving Norway

Last updated

This is a list of wars involving the Kingdom of Norway in some capacity, both the modern polity and its predecessor states.

Contents

Pre-unification Viking Age (793–872)

ConflictCombatant 1Combatant 2Results
Viking invasions of England (793–1066) Raven Banner.svg Norse Vikings
Flag of England.svg Kingdom of England Victory (first phase)

Defeat (second phase)

Halfdan the Mild's revolt
(ca. 813)
Halfdan the Mild Kingdom of Denmark Revolt successful
  • Denmark is expelled and Vestfold gains independence.
Battle of 839 (839) Raven Banner.svg Norse Vikings Picts
Dál Riata
Norwegian Viking victory
Siege of Paris (845) Raven Banner.svg Norse Vikings Francia Viking victory
Viking raid on Nekor [1] [2] [3]
(ca. 859)
Raven Banner.svg Norse Vikings Kingdom of Nekor Viking victory
  • Vikings occupied Nekor for 8 days.
Great Heathen Army's invasion of England (865-878) Raven Banner.svg Norse Vikings
Norse–Gaels
Anglo-Saxon kingdoms:

Kingdom of Strathclyde
Kingdom of Alba

Viking victory
Siege of Dumbarton (870) Raven Banner.svg Norse Vikings Britons of Strathclyde Viking victory
  • A fleet of 200 ships transported prisoners to Dublin.

Unification of Norway (860–872)

ConflictCombatant 1Combatant 2Results
Battle of Hakadal
(ca. 860)
Flag of Vestfold.svg Vestfold Álfheimr Vestfold victory
  • Death of Hake Gandalfsson.
Battle of Orkdal
(ca. 870)
Flag of Vestfold.svg Vestfold Orkdal Vestfold victory
First Battle of Solskjel
(ca. 870)
Flag of Vestfold.svg Vestfold Nordmøre
Romsdal
Vestfold victory
  • Death of the kings of Nordmøre and Romsdal.
Second Battle of Solskjel
(ca. 870)
Flag of Vestfold.svg Vestfold Sunnmøre
Firda
Vestfold victory
Götaland Campaign
(ca. 870)
Flag of Vestfold.svg Vestfold Geats Vestfold victory
Battle of Fjaler
(ca. 870)
Earldom of Lade Earldom of Sogn Indecisive
Battle of Hafrsfjord
(872)
Flag of Vestfold.svg Vestfold Hordaland
Rogaland
Agder
Vestfold victory

Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)

ConflictCombatant 1Combatant 2Results
Battle of Rastarkalv
(955)
Haakon the Good Eric Bloodaxe
Denmark
Victory of Haakon the Good
  • Destruction of Danish force
Battle of Fitjar
(961)
Haakon the Good Eric Bloodaxe
Denmark
Pyrrhic victory to Haakon the Good
Sack of Santiago de Compostela
(968)
Raven Banner.svg Norwegian Vikings Bandeirareinogaliza.svg  Kingdom of Galicia Victory
Norwegian-Jomsviking War
(986)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Denmark
Jomsvikings
Victory
  • Danish fleet defeated
Battle of Maldon
(991)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Anglo-Saxons Victory
Battle of Svolder
(999/1000)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Denmark
Sweden
Earls of Lade
Defeat
Battle of Thetford (1004)Royal Standard of Norway.svg  Norway
Anglo-Saxons
Raven Banner.svg Kingdom of Denmark Anglo-Norwegian Victory
Olav II's landing in Osilia
(1008)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Osilians Victory
  • The Osilians are defeated
Battle at Herdaler
(1007/8)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Finns of HerdalerDefeat
Battle of Ringmere
(1010)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Norway
Anglo-Saxons
Danish Vikings Victory
  • Ango-Norwegian victory
Swedish-Norwegian War
(1015-1018)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Kingdom of Sweden Victory
Olav II's conquest of Norway
(1015-1016)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Kingdom of Sweden
Kingdom of Denmark
Earldom of Orkney
Victory
  • The territorial changes following the Battle of Svolder are reversed, barring Jämtland, which would remain under Swedish overlordship until the 12th century.
Battle of Nesjar
(1016)
Olaf II Sweyn Haakonsson
Various farmer-chieftains
Victory to Olaf II
  • Sweyn Haakonsson driven into exile
Battle of the Helgeå
(1026)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway
Sweden
Anglo-Danish Kingdom Defeat
Battle of Stiklestad
(1030)
Olaf II Peasant ArmyPeasant victory
  • Death of Olaf II
Sweyn Estridssons Rebellion
(1043)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Raven Banner.svg
Denmark
Victory
Battle of Lyrskov Heath
(1043)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Wends Victory
Norwegian-Wendish War
(1043)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Wends Victory
  • Destruction the Viking fort Jomsborg, possibly to destroy the Danish competitors to the throne. Plundering of the Wendish town of Jumne.
Invasions of Denmark
(1048–1064)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Denmark Stalemate
  • Peace agreement, mutual recognition and withdrawal
Swedish–Norwegian War (1063)
(1063/4)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Haakon Ivarsson  [ no ]
Kingdom of Sweden
Victory
  • Hadrada defeats Haakon Ivarsson Jarl
  • Norwegian authority strengthened in the Uplands
Revolt in the Uplands
(1064-1065)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Revolting farmersVictory
  • Small farms and villages burned down by Hadrada. Uplands becomes more integrated into Norway
Battle of Fulford
(1066)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway England Victory
  • Norwegians gain Fulford and later York
Battle of Stamford Bridge
(1066)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway England Defeat
First Irish Sea Campaign
(1098)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway England

Irish Kingdoms[ clarification needed ]

Victory
Swedish–Norwegian War (1099–1101) Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Sweden Inconclusive
  • Through the marriage of Magnus Barefoot and Margaret Fredkulla, Inge's daughter, Norway gains the land of Dalsland. However, due to the marriage being childless, Dalsland never becomes integrated into Norway, and it's returned to Sweden after Magnus died in 1103
Second Irish Sea Campaign
(1101/11021103)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway England

Irish Kingdoms[ clarification needed ]

Defeat
Norwegian Crusade
(1107–1110)
Vexillum Regni Hierosolymae.svg  Kingdom of Jerusalem
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway
Flag of the Serene Republic of Venice.svg  Republic of Venice
White flag 3 to 2.svg Fatimid Caliphate
Flag of Morocco 1073 1147.svg Almoravid Empire
Taifa of Badajoz
Taifa of Majorca
Barbary pirates of Majorca
Victory
Siege of Lisbon (1109) Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Flag of Morocco 1073 1147.svg Almoravid Empire Victory
  • Norwegian raid on Lisbon successful
  • Lisbon falls under Norwegian control.
Kalmare ledung
(1123)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Norse pagansVictory
  • The pagans converted to Christianity
Civil war era in Norway
(1130–1240)
Birkebeiners Baglers Birkebeiner victory
Campaign in Värmland
(1225)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Värmland Inconclusive
Battle of the Neva
(1240)
Sweden
Finns
Tavastia
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway
Novgorod Republic
Karelians
Defeat
Halland Campaign (1256) Royal Standard of Norway.svg Norway Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Peace treaty signed
Danish-Norwegian War (1289-1295)Royal Standard of Norway.svg  Norway
Danish outlaws
Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Victory
Scottish–Norwegian War
(1261–1264)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Scotland Treaty of Perth
Second Swedish Brother's Feud  [ no ]
(1304–1310)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway
Duke Eric and Valdemar
Denmark
Birger Magnusson
Defeat
Siege of Ragnhildsholmen  [ sv ]
(1308)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Kingdom of Sweden Defeat
Battle of Kalvsund  [ no ]
(1309)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Kingdom of Sweden Victory
War against Albert of Mecklenberg
(1363–1371)
Royal Standard of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway Albert of Mecklenberg
Mecklenburg
Stalemate
  • Haakon VI pays a large ransom to have Magnus IV of Sweden released. Afterwards Haakon continues ruling Norway and Sweden until his death in 1374.

First Swedish–Norwegian union

ConflictCombatant 1Combatant 2Results
Swedish–Novgorodian Wars
(1142–1323)
Royal Banner of Sweden (14th Century).svg Sweden

Royal Banner of Norway (14th Century).svg Norway (1319-1323)

Novgorod Republic Stalemate
Campaign against Ingeborg

(1323) [6]

Swedish-Norwegian Union Ingeborg of Norway Peace of Skara
  • Ingeborg is forced to exchange Axvall for the unfortified Dåvö in Västmanland
Sten bielkes war against Novgorod

(1338-1339)

Swedish-Norwegian Union Novogrod Peace of Skara
  • Peace signed in either August or September 1339.
  • Novgorodian strategic failure
Johan Offessons Uprising

(1339)

Swedish-Norwegian Union Johan OffessonVictory
  • Lindholm Castle is destroyed, and Johan is forced to give Skytts and Oxie to the king
Kalundborg War (1341-1343) Swedish-Norwegian Union Denmark

Lübeck
Rostock
Hamburg
Stralsund
Wismar
Greifswald

Victory
Saint George's Night Uprising (1343-1345) [7] Swedish-Norwegian Union
Estonians
Denmark
Teutonic Order
Indecisive
  • Swedish-Norwegian troops plunder Reval
  • Estonian uprising crushed
Magnus's war against Russia
(1348-1351) [8]
Swedish-Norwegian Union Novgorod Truce of Dorprat
  • Swedish-Norwegian success in the beginning
  • Swedish-Norwegian failure to keep Nöteborg
Campaign between Magnus and his son
(1356-1359) [9]
Magnus IV Eric
  • According to the arbitration in Jönköping, Sweden is divided between Magnus and Erik, this ends after Eric's death in 1359
Valdemar Atterdags reconquest of Scania
(1360) [10]
Swedish-Norwegian Union Denmark Defeat
  • Denmark conquers all of Scania
Valdemar Atterdags conquest of Gotland
(1361) [11]
Swedish-Norwegian Union Denmark Defeat
  • Denmark conquers Gotland
Danish-Hanseatic War (1361-1370)First Phase (1361–1365)

State Banner of Denmark (14th Century).svg Kingdom of Denmark Second Phase (1367–1370)

State Banner of Denmark (14th Century).svg Kingdom of Denmark

Arms of Haakon IV of Norway.svg Kingdom of Norway

First Phase: Danish Victory

Second Phase: Hanseatic victory

  • Hanseatic League gains control over several forts in Scania

Kalmar Union (1397–1523)

ConflictCombatant 1Combatant 2Results
War with the Victual Brothers
(1392–1398)
Flag of the Kalmar Union.svg  Kalmar Union Victual Brothers Victory
  • Formation of the Kalmar Union.
Dano-Hanseatic War
(1426–1435)
Flag of the Kalmar Union.svg  Kalmar Union DEU Landkreis Schaumburg COA.svg House of Schaumburg
Hanse Lubeck.svg Hanseatic League
Defeat
  • Treaty of Vordingborg
Krummedige-Tre Rosor feud
(1448 - 1502)
Krummedige family
Denmark
Tre Rosor family
Sweden
Krummedige victory
  • The male Tre Rosor line in Norway becomes extinct.
  • Norwegian monarchy strengthened
  • Prince Christian maintains control over Norway.
Swedish Invasions of Norway
(1449, 1453)
Pro-Danish Norwegians
Denmark
Pro-Swedish Norwegians
Sweden
Eventual Pro-Danish victory
  • Charles VIII is temporarily elected king of Norway during the first invasion, but he later renounces his claim.
  • Christian I becomes king of Norway in 1450, in which Sweden invades three years later. The invasion results in a failure with many casualties.
Dano-Swedish War
(1501–1512)
Flag of the Kalmar Union.svg  Kalmar Union Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden
Flag of the Free City of Lubeck.svg Free City of Lübeck
Tre Rosor Norway.JPG Norwegian rebels [12]
Victory
Alvsson Rebellion
(1501–1504)
Knut Alvsson (until 1502)
Nils Ravaldsson (from 1502)
Sweden
Kalmar Union Defeat
  • Dano-Norwegian ties solidified
Swedish War of Liberation
(1521–1523)
Flag of the Kalmar Union.svg  Kalmar Union Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden
Flag of the Free City of Lubeck.svg Free City of Lübeck
Defeat

Denmark–Norway (1523–1814)

ConflictCombatant 1Combatant 2Results
Olav Engelbrektsson's Rebellion
(1536–1537)
Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark
Coat of arms of Norway (1924) no crown.svg Protestants
Coat of arms of Norway (1924) no crown.svg Catholics Creation of Denmark-Norway
Livonian War
(1558–1583)
Baltic coat of arms.svg Livonian Confederation
Choragiew krolewska krola Zygmunta III Wazy.svg  Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
(before 1569 the Polish–Lithuanian union)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway
Flag of Sweden.svg Kingdom of Sweden
Flag of Oryol (variant).svg Tsardom of Russia
Qasim Khanate
Flag of et-Parnu.svg Kingdom of Livonia
Victory
Northern Seven Years' War
(1563–1570)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway
Choragiew krolewska krola Zygmunta III Wazy.svg Poland-Lithuania
Flagge der Hansestadt Lubeck.svg  Lübeck
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Stalemate
Kalmar War
(1611–1613)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Victory
Thirty Years' War
(1625–1629)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden
Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor (after 1400).svg  Holy Roman Empire
Catholic League (Germany).svg The Catholic League
Defeat
Torstenson War
(1643–1645)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway
Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor (after 1400).svg  Holy Roman Empire
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Defeat
First Karl Gustav War
(1657–1658)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Defeat
Second Karl Gustav War
(1658–1660)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway
Statenvlag.svg  Dutch Republic
Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor (after 1400).svg  Holy Roman Empire
Choragiew krolewska krola Zygmunta III Wazy.svg Poland-Lithuania
Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png Brandenburg-Prussia
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Victory
Battle of Vågen
(1665)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway
Statenvlag.svg  Dutch Republic
Flag of England.svg England Victory
  • British fleet repelled with Norwegian aid
Scanian War
(1675–1679)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway
Statenvlag.svg  Dutch Republic
Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor (after 1400).svg  Holy Roman Empire
Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png Brandenburg-Prussia
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden
Royal Standard of the King of France.svg  France
Stalemate
Great Northern War
(1700–1721)
Flag of Russia.svg Russia
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway Flag of Electoral Saxony.svg  Saxony
Choragiew krolewska krola Zygmunta III Wazy.svg Poland–Lithuania
Flag of the Kingdom of Prussia (1701-1750).svg  Prussia
Flag of Hanover (1692).svg Hanover
Union flag 1606 (Kings Colors).svg  Great Britain
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden
Choragiew krolewska krola Zygmunta III Wazy.svg Poland–Lithuania
Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1453-1517).svg  Ottoman Empire
Flag of the Cossack Hetmanat.svg Cossack Hetmanate
Flag of England.svg  England
Union flag 1606 (Kings Colors).svg  Great Britain
Statenvlag.svg  Dutch Republic
Coat of Arms of Brunswick-Luneburg.svg Brunswick-Lüneburg
Victory
Danish–Algerian War
(1770–1772)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1453-1517).svg Dey of Algiers Defeat
Theatre War
(1788–1789)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Defeat
Action of 16 May 1797
(1797)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway Flag of Tripoli 18th century.svg Tripolitania Victory
  • Peace treaty with the Bey of Tripoli
Battle of Copenhagen
(1801)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Defeat
  • Strategical defeat of the Danish-Norwegian fleet
Gunboat War
(1807–1814)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Defeat
Dano-Swedish War of 1808–09
(1808–1809)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway
Flag of France.svg  France
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
Stalemate
Dano-Swedish War of 1813–14
(1813–1814)
Royal Standard of Denmark (1731-1819).svg Denmark–Norway Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
Defeat

Kingdom of Norway (1814 – present)

ConflictCombatant 1Combatant 2ResultsPrime MinisterCasualties
Swedish–Norwegian War
(1814)
Flag of Norway (1814-1821).svg Norway Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Defeat(but Swedish acceptance of the Eidsvoll Constitution)
~400 killed
World War II
(1940–1945)
Flag of the USSR (1936-1955).svg  Soviet Union
Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  British Empire
Flag of the Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of France.svg  France
Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Poland
Flag of Yugoslavia (1918-1943).svg  Yugoslavia
Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg  Greece
Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark
Flag of Norway.svg  Norway
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium
Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia
Flag of Ethiopia (1897-1936; 1941-1974).svg Ethiopia
Flag of Brazil (1889-1960).svg  Brazil
Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico
Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia
Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba
Flag of the Philippines (navy blue).svg Philippines
Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1945-1992).svg Mongolia
Flag of Germany (1935-1945).svg  Germany
Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg  Japan
Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg  Italy
Flag of Romania.svg  Romania
Flag of Hungary (1915-1918, 1919-1946).svg  Hungary
Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria
Flag of First Slovak Republic 1939-1945.svg Slovakia
Flag of Independent State of Croatia.svg  Croatia
Victory
10,262 killed
Congo Crisis
(1960–1964)
Flag of Congo-Leopoldville (1960-1963).svg Congo-Léopoldville
Flag of Katanga.svg  Katanga
Flag of South Kasai.svg  South Kasai
Victory
None
Bosnian War
(1992–1995)
Flag of the Republika Srpska.svg  Republika Srpska Victory
None
Kosovo War
(1998–1999)
UCK KLA.svg UÇK
Flag of Serbia and Montenegro (1992-2006).svg  FR Yugoslavia Victory
None
War in Afghanistan
(20012021)
Flag of the Taliban.svg  Afghanistan
Flag of the Taliban.svg Taliban Defeat
  • Fall of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
  • Taliban retake Kabul
10 killed
Libyan Civil War
(2011)
Flag of Libya (1951-1969).svg NTC
Flag of Libya (1977-2011).svg Libya Victory
  • The NTC assumed interim control of Libya
None

See also

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References

  1. "The Vikings raided Africa and then took slaves back to Ireland | Smash Company".
  2. "History: The Viking Adventure In Morocco".
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