Ranks and insignia of the Japan Self-Defense Forces

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The Ranks and insignia of the Japan Self-Defense Forces are the military insignia used by the Japan Self-Defense Forces.

Contents

History

Following the end of World War II in Asia, after the surrender of Japan, the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy were dissolved by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers in 1945, during the Allied occupation that lasted until 1952. The 1947 constitution stipulated that armed forces with war potential will not be maintained.

The symbols below represent the ranks of the Japan Self-Defence Forces: the Japan Ground Self-Defence Force, the Japan Air Self-Defence Force, and the Japan Maritime Self-Defence Force, which replaced the imperial military in 1954.

The 1871–1945 Japanese military and naval ranks were phased out after World War II. The Self-Defence Force breaks away from the Sino-centric tradition of non-branch-specified ranks; each JSDF rank with respect to each service carries a distinct Japanese title, although equivalent titles in different branches are still similar, differing only in the use of the morphemes riku (ground) for the army ranks, kai (maritime) for the naval ranks, and kū (air) for the aviation ranks. [1]

The pentagramic stars on the insignia represent cherry blossoms. Because Japanese soldiers take an oath to die to protect the lives and wealth of Japanese citizens, they have been compared to delicate cherry blossoms that break easily.

Ground Self-Defense Force

Commissioned officer ranks

The rank insignia of commissioned officers.

Rank groupGeneral officersField officersJunior officers
Rank幕僚長たる陸将
Bakuryōchō-taru-rikushō 		陸将
Rikushō 		陸将補
Rikushō-ho 		1等陸佐
Ittō rikusa 		2等陸佐
Nitō rikusa 		3等陸佐
Santō rikusa 		1等陸尉
Ittō rikui 		2等陸尉
Nitō rikui 		3等陸尉
Santō rikui 		准陸尉
Jun rikui
Insignia Type A [2] JGSDF General insignia (a).svg JGSDF Lieutenant General insignia (a).svg JGSDF Major General insignia (a).svg JGSDF Colonel insignia (a).svg JGSDF Lieutenant Colonel insignia (a).svg JGSDF Major insignia (a).svg JGSDF Captain insignia (a).svg JGSDF First Lieutenant insignia (a).svg JGSDF Second Lieutenant insignia (a).svg JGSDF Warrant Officer insignia (a).svg
Insignia Type B JGSDF General insignia (b).svg JGSDF Lieutenant General insignia (b).svg JGSDF Major General insignia (b).svg JGSDF Colonel insignia (b).svg JGSDF Lieutenant Colonel insignia (b).svg JGSDF Major insignia (b).svg JGSDF Captain insignia (b).svg JGSDF First Lieutenant insignia (b).svg JGSDF Second Lieutenant insignia (b).svg JGSDF Warrant Officer insignia (b).svg
Insignia Miniature Type JGSDF General insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Lieutenant General insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Major General insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Colonel insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Lieutenant Colonel insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Major insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Captain insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF First Lieutenant insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Second Lieutenant insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Warrant Officer insignia (miniature).svg
U.S. equivalent [3] General Lieutenant general Major general Colonel Lieutenant colonel Major Captain First lieutenant Second lieutenant Warrant officer

Other ranks

The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.

Rank groupNCO'sEnlisted
Rank陸曹長
Rikusōchō		1等陸曹
Ittō rikusō		2等陸曹
Nitō rikusō		3等陸曹
Santō rikusō		陸士長
Rikushichō 		1等陸士
Ittō rikushi 		2等陸士
Nitō rikushi 		自衛官候補生
Jieikan kōhosei
Insignia Type A [2] JGSDF Sergeant Major insignia (a).svg JGSDF Master Sergeant insignia (a).svg JGSDF Sergeant First Class insignia (a).svg JGSDF Sergeant insignia (a).svg JGSDF Leading Private insignia (a).svg JGSDF Private First Class insignia (a).svg JGSDF Private insignia (a).svg JGSDF self defence official cadet insignia (a).svg
Insignia Type B JGSDF Sergeant Major insignia (b).svg JGSDF Master Sergeant insignia (b).svg JGSDF Sergeant First Class insignia (b).svg JGSDF Sergeant insignia (b).svg JGSDF Leading Private insignia (b).svg JGSDF Private First Class insignia (b).svg JGSDF Private insignia (b).svg JGSDF self defence official cadet insignia (b).svg
Insignia Miniature Type JGSDF Sergeant Major insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Master Sergeant insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Sergeant First Class insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Sergeant insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Leading Private insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Private First Class insignia (miniature).svg JGSDF Private insignia (miniature).svg No insignia
U.S. equivalent [3] First sergeant Sergeant first class Staff sergeant Sergeant Corporal Private first class Private Recruit

Maritime Self-Defense Force

Commissioned officer ranks

The rank insignia of commissioned officers.

Rank groupFlag officersSenior officersJunior officers
Rank幕僚長たる海将
Bakuryōchō-taru-kaishō 		海将
Kaishō 		海将補
Kaishō-ho 		1等海佐
Ittō kaisa 		2等海佐
Nitō kaisa 		3等海佐
Santō kaisa 		1等海尉
Ittō kaii 		2等海尉
Nitō kaii 		3等海尉
Santō kaii 		准海尉
Jun kaii
Insignia Type A [2] [4] JMSDF Admiral insignia (a).svg JMSDF Vice Admiral insignia (a).svg JMSDF Rear Admiral insignia (a).svg JMSDF Captain insignia (a).svg JMSDF Commander insignia (a).svg JMSDF Lieutenant Commander insignia (a).svg JMSDF Lieutenant insignia (a).svg JMSDF Lieutenant Junior Grade insignia (a).svg JMSDF Ensign insignia (a).svg JMSDF Warrant Officer insignia (a).svg
Insignia Type B JMSDF Admiral insignia (b).svg JMSDF Vice Admiral insignia (b).svg JMSDF Rear Admiral insignia (b).svg JMSDF Captain insignia (b).svg JMSDF Commander insignia (b).svg JMSDF Lieutenant Commander insignia (b).svg JMSDF Lieutenant insignia (b).svg JMSDF Lieutenant Junior Grade insignia (b).svg JMSDF Ensign insignia (b).svg JMSDF Warrant Officer insignia (b).svg
Insignia Type C [2] [4] JMSDF Admiral insignia (c).svg JMSDF Vice Admiral insignia (c).svg JMSDF Rear Admiral insignia (c).svg JMSDF Captain insignia (c).svg JMSDF Commander insignia (c).svg JMSDF Lieutenant Commander insignia (c).svg JMSDF Lieutenant insignia (c).svg JMSDF Lieutenant Junior Grade insignia (c).svg JMSDF Ensign insignia (c).svg JMSDF Warrant Officer insignia (c).svg
Insignia Miniature Type JMSDF Admiral insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Vice Admiral insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Rear Admiral insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Captain insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Commander insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Lieutenant Commander insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Lieutenant insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Lieutenant Junior Grade insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Ensign insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Warrant Officer insignia (miniature).svg
U.S. equivalent [3] Admiral Vice admiral Rear admiral Captain Commander Lieutenant commander Lieutenant Lieutenant (junior grade) Ensign Warrant officer

Other ranks

The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.

Rank groupNCO'sEnlisted
Rank海曹長
Kaisōchō		1等海曹
Ittō kaisō		2等海曹
Nitō kaisō		3等海曹
Santō kaisō		海士長
Kaishichō 		1等海士
Ittō kaishi 		2等海士
Nitō kaishi 		自衛官候補生
Jieikan kōhosei
Insignia Type A [2] JMSDF Chief Petty Officer insignia (a).svg JMSDF Petty Officer 1st Class insignia (a).svg JMSDF Petty Officer 2nd Class insignia (a).svg JMSDF Petty Officer 3rd Class insignia (a).svg JMSDF Leading Seaman insignia (a).svg JMSDF Seaman insignia (a).svg JMSDF Seaman Apprentice insignia (a).svg JMSDF self defence official cadet insignia (a)1.svg
Insignia Type B JMSDF Chief Petty Officer insignia (b).svg JMSDF Petty Officer 1st Class insignia (b).svg JMSDF Petty Officer 2nd Class insignia (b).svg JMSDF Petty Officer 3rd Class insignia (b).svg JMSDF Leading Seaman insignia (b).svg JMSDF Seaman insignia (b).svg JMSDF Seaman Apprentice insignia (b).svg JMSDF self defence official cadet insignia (b).svg
Insignia Type C JMSDF Chief Petty Officer insignia (c).svg JMSDF Petty Officer 1st Class insignia (c).svg JMSDF Petty Officer 2nd Class insignia (c).svg JMSDF Petty Officer 3rd Class insignia (c).svg JMSDF Leading Seaman insignia (c).svg JMSDF Seaman insignia (c).svg JMSDF Seaman Apprentice insignia (c).svg No insignia
Insignia Miniature Type JMSDF Chief Petty Officer insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Petty Officer 1st Class insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Petty Officer 2nd Class insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Petty Officer 3rd Class insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Leading Seaman insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Seaman insignia (miniature).svg JMSDF Seaman Apprentice insignia (miniature).svg No insignia
U.S. equivalent [3] Senior chief petty officer Chief petty officer Petty officer first class Petty officer second class Petty officer third class Seaman Seaman apprentice Seaman recruit

Air Self-Defense Force

Commissioned officer ranks

The rank insignia of commissioned officers.

Rank groupFlag officersSenior officersJunior officers
Rank幕僚長たる空将
Bakuryōchō-taru-kūshō 		空将
Kūshō 		空将補
Kūshō-ho 		1等空佐
Ittō kūsa 		2等空佐
Nitō kūsa 		3等空佐
Santō kūsa 		1等空尉
Ittō kūi 		2等空尉
Nitō kūi 		3等空尉
Santō kūi 		准空尉
Jun kūi
Insignia Type A [2] [5] JASDF General insignia (a).svg JASDF Lieutenant General insignia (a).svg JASDF Major General insignia (a).svg JASDF Colonel insignia (a).svg JASDF Lieutenant Colonel insignia (a).svg JASDF Major insignia (a).svg JASDF Captain insignia (a).svg JASDF First Lieutenant insignia (a).svg JASDF Second Lieutenant insignia (a).svg JASDF Warrant Officer insignia (a).svg
Insignia Type B JASDF General insignia (b).svg JASDF Lieutenant General insignia (b).svg JASDF Major General insignia (b).svg JASDF Colonel insignia (b).svg JASDF Lieutenant Colonel insignia (b).svg JASDF Major insignia (b).svg JASDF Captain insignia (b).svg JASDF First Lieutenant insignia (b).svg JASDF Second Lieutenant insignia (b).svg JASDF Warrant Officer insignia (b).svg
Insignia Miniature Type JASDF General insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Lieutenant General insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Major General insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Colonel insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Lieutenant Colonel insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Major insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Captain insignia (miniature).svg JASDF First Lieutenant insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Second Lieutenant insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Warrant Officer insignia (miniature).svg
U.S. equivalent [3] General Lieutenant general Major general Colonel Lieutenant colonel Major Captain First lieutenant Second lieutenant Warrant officer

Other ranks

The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.

Rank groupNCO'sEnlisted
Rank空曹長
Kūsōchō		1等空曹
Ittō kūsō		2等空曹
Nitō kūsō		3等空曹
Santō kūsō		空士長
Kūshichō 		1等空士
Ittō kūshi 		2等空士
Nitō kūshi 		自衛官候補生
Jieikan kōhosei
Insignia Type A [2] [5] JASDF Senior Master Sergeant insignia (a).svg JASDF Master Sergeant insignia (a).svg JASDF Technical Sergeant insignia (a).svg JASDF Staff Sergeant insignia (a).svg JASDF Airman 1st Class insignia (a).svg JASDF Airman 2nd Class insignia (a).svg JASDF Airman 3rd Class insignia (a).svg JASDF self defence official cadet insignia (a)1.svg
Insignia Type B JASDF Senior Master Sergeant insignia (b).svg JASDF Master Sergeant insignia (b).svg JASDF Technical Sergeant insignia (b).svg JASDF Staff Sergeant insignia (b).svg JASDF Airman 1st Class insignia (b).svg JASDF Airman 2nd Class insignia (b).svg JASDF Airman 3rd Class insignia (b).svg JASDF self defence official cadet insignia (b).svg
Insignia Miniature Type JASDF Senior Master Sergeant insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Master Sergeant insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Technical Sergeant insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Staff Sergeant insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Airman 1st Class insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Airman 2nd Class insignia (miniature).svg JASDF Airman 3rd Class insignia (miniature).svg No insignia
U.S. equivalent [3] Senior master sergeant Master sergeant Technical sergeant Staff sergeant Senior Airman Airman first class Airman Recruit

Timeline

Commissioned Officer Ranks

Rank groupGeneral / Flag OfficersField OfficersJunior Officers
警察予備隊 (Natinal Police Reserve)
Keisatsu-yobitai
1950-1952
No equivalent総隊総監たる警察監 [6]
Sōtisōkan-taru-keisatsukan		警察監 [6]
Keisatsukan		警察監補 [6]
Keisatsukan-ho		1等警察正
Ittō-keisatsusei}		2等警察正
Nitō-keisatsusei		警察士長
Keisatsusi-chō		1等警察士
Ittō-keisatushi		2等警察士
Nitō-keisatsusi		No equvalent
保安隊 (National Safety Force)
Hoantai
1952-1954		第一幕僚長たる保安監 [6]
Dai'ichibakuryōchō-taru-hoankan		保安監 [6]
Hoankan		保安監補
Hoankan-ho [6] 		1等保安正
Ittō-hoansei		2等保安正
Nitō-hansei		3等保安正
Santō-hoansei		1等保安士
ittō-hoanshi		2等保安士
Nitō-hoanshi
1953-19543等保安士
Santō-hoanshi		No equivalent
海上警備隊 (Coastal Safety Force)
Kaijō-keibitai
1952		海上警備監 [7]
kaijō-keibikan		海上警備監補 [7]
Kaijō-keibikan-ho		1等海上警備正
Itto-kaijō-keibisei		2等海上警備正
Nitō-kaijō-keibisei		3等海上警備正
Santō-kaijō-keibisei		1等海上警備士
Itto-kaijō-keibishi		2等海上警備士
Nitō-kaijō-keibishi		3等海上警備士
Santō-kaijō-keibishi
警備隊 (Safety Security Force)
Keibitai
1952-1954		第二幕僚長たる警備監 [7]
Dainibakuryōchō-taru-keibikan		警備監 [7] [8]
Keibikan		警備監補 [7]
Keibikan-ho		1等警備正
Ittō-keibisei		2等警備正
Nitō-keibisei		3等警備正
Santō-keibisei		1等警備士
Ittō-keibishi		2等警備士
Nitō-keibishi		3等警備士
Santō-keibishi
自衛隊
Jieitai
1954-1962
将
Shō		将補
Shō-ho		1佐
Issa		2佐
Nisa		3佐
Sansa		1尉
Ichi'i		2尉
Ni'i		3尉
San'i
1962-1970幕僚長たる将
Bakuryōchō-taru-shō
1970-Current　准尉
Jun'i
U.S. equvalentGEN
ADM
Gen.		LTG
VADM
Lt.Gen.		MG
RADM
Maj.Gen.		BG
RDML
Brig.Gen.		COL
CAPT
Col.		LTC
CDR
Lt.Col.		MAJ
LCDR
Maj.		CPT
LT
Capt.		1LT
LTJG
1st LT.		2LT
ENS
2nd LT.		WO
WO
WO

Other Ranks

Rank groupNCO'sEnlisted
警察予備隊 (National Police Reserve)
Keisatsu-yobitai
1950-1952		No equivalent1等警察士補
Ittō-keisatsushi-ho		2等警察士補
Nitō-keisatsushi-ho		3等警察士補
Santō-keisatsushi-ho		警査長
Keisa-chō		1等警査
Ittō-keisa		2等警査
Nitō-keisa		No equivalent
保安隊 (National Safety Force)
Hoantai
1952-1954		1等保安士補
Ittō-hoanshi-ho		2等保安士補
Nitō-hoanshi-ho		3等保安士補
Santō-hoanshi-ho		保査長
Hosa-chō		1等保査
Ittō-hosa		2等保査
Nitō-hosa
海上警備隊 (Coastal Safety Force)
Kaijō-keibitai
1952		1等海上警備士補
Ittō-kaijōkeibishi-ho		2等海上警備士補
Nitō-kaijōkeibishi-ho		3等海上警備士補
Santō-kaijōkeibishi-ho		海上警備員長
Kaijōkeibi'in-chō		1等海上警備員
Ittō-kaijōkeibi'in		2等海上警備員
Nitō-kaijōkeibi'in		3等海上警備員
Santō-kaijōkeibi'in
警備隊 (Safety security Force)
Keibitai
1952-1954		1等警備士補
Ittō-keibishi-ho		2等警備士補
Nitō-keibishi-ho		3等警備士補
Santō-keibishi-ho		警査長
Keisa-chō		1等警査
Ittō-keisa		2等警査
Nitō-keisa		3等警査
Santō-keisa
自衛隊
Jieitai
1954-1980		1曹
Issō		2曹
Nisō		3曹
Sansō		士長
Shichō		1士
Isshi		2士
Nishi		3士
Sanshi
1980-2010曹長
Sōchō
2010-Current自衛官候補生
Jieikan-kōhosei
U.S.equivalent1SG
SCPO
SMSgt		SFC
CPO
MSgt		SSG
PO1
TSgt		SGT
PO2
SSgt		CPL
PO3
SrA		PFC
SN
A1C		PV2
SA
Amn		PV1
SR
AB

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "自衛隊の階級" [Ranks of the JSDF]. 平成16年版 防衛白書 [Defense of Japan 2004](PDF) (in Japanese). Japanese Defense Agency. 2004. p. 266. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-07-27. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "自衛官の階級" [Self-Defense Forces rank]. mod.go.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 December 2021.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Dolan, Roland E. (1992). "National Security". In Dolan, Roland E.; Worden, Robert L. (eds.). Japan: a country study. Area Handbook (5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. p. 448-449. LCCN   91029874 . Retrieved 21 October 2021.
  4. 1 2 "階級章" [Rank chapter]. mod.go.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  5. 1 2 "Rank of Insignias" (PDF). yokota.af.mil. Yokota Air Base. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 February 2015. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 At that time, they corresponded to three-star rank, two-star rank and one-star rank respectively. パンツァー 1998年4月号 125頁。アルゴノート社。(PANZER April 1998 issu page.125 Argonaut.Inc.)
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 世界の艦船増刊第59集 海上自衛隊の50年 22頁。海人社 (SHIPS OF THE WORLD　a collection of 59th edition "50 years of the Maritime Self-Defense Force" page.22 Kaijinsha.)
  8. ↑ Keibikan's cuff insignia used a gold stripe of 2-inchi, 1/4-inchi and 1/2-inchi array. ref name="rank insignia 2" relevant.
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