Union, Washington

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Union, Washington
CDP
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Scenery around Union
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Union, Washington
Coordinates: 47°21′25″N123°5′58.4″W / 47.35694°N 123.099556°W / 47.35694; -123.099556 Coordinates: 47°21′25″N123°5′58.4″W / 47.35694°N 123.099556°W / 47.35694; -123.099556
Country United States
State Washington
County Mason
Population
 (2010)
  Total631
Time zone UTC-8 (Pacific (PST))
  Summer (DST) UTC-7 (PDT)
ZIP code
98592
Area code 360

Union or Union City is a small census-designated place in Mason County, Washington, United States. [1] The community lies along the southern shore of the Great Bend of the Hood Canal, near the mouth of the Skokomish River, which flows from the nearby Olympic Mountains. The U.S. Census reported a population of 631 inhabitants in the 2010 census. The ZIP Code for Union is 98592.

Contents

State Route 106 is the main route through Union, leading to Belfair farther north, and Potlatch and US Highway 101 to the south.

History

Union circa 1905 Union City on Hood Canal as seen from the water (CURTIS 1571).jpeg
Union circa 1905

The Hood Canal basin is the indigenous territory of several neighboring Native American communities, including the Skokomish [2] and Squaxin peoples. [3]

In the 1830s, white fur traders built a blockhouse on the bluff where Union. Settlers arrived in the area in the 1840s, with the future Union City site being claimed in 1852 by Thomas Webb or Wells. [4] The town of Union was founded and named in 1858 by merchants Willson and Anderson. [5]

In 1889, logging pioneer John McReavy platted Union City on Hood Canal's south shore. The area's logging operations worked at an unprecedented scale to supply the expansionist ethos of Manifest Destiny. Dozens of mills sent timber to the booming California goldfields and for the construction of the Panama Canal. The generation that followed McReavy's drew inspiration from the surrounding landscape. Union society circulated around Olympus Manor, an artist colony that prospered until 1952 when the manor burned. It was the first non-native artist colony in Washington.

Union City was envisioned as the western terminus of a transcontinental railroad but the project was abandoned by the Union Pacific Railroad after the Panic of 1893. [4]

Climate

This region experiences warm (but not hot) and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above 71.6 °F. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Union has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps. [6]

Arts and culture

Local attractions include a working farm and roadside market, a golf course, marinas and public boat launch sites, and the deep saltwater fjord of Hood Canal. Visitors come to the area for activities including boating, fishing, hunting, shellfishing, sea kayaking and birding.

In 2010, Union was named one of America's twenty prettiest towns by Forbes Traveler . [7]

Parks and recreation

In 1938, President Franklin D. Roosevelt designated the nearby wilderness of the Olympic Mountains a national park. The area is now an International Biosphere Reserve and a World Heritage Site. The mountains in the southeast corner of the park, Mount Washington, Mount Constance and the Brothers, rise across Hood Canal and can be seen from almost any point in Union.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Skokomish people</span> North American tribe

The Skokomish are one of nine tribes of the Twana, a Native American people of western Washington state in the United States. The tribe lives along Hood Canal, a fjord-like inlet on the west side of the Kitsap Peninsula and the Puget Sound basin. Historically the Twana were hunters, fishers, and gatherers who had a nomadic lifestyle during the warmer months, while living in more permanent homes during the winter months.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Olympic Peninsula</span> Peninsula in Washington, United States

The Olympic Peninsula is a large arm of land in western Washington that lies across Puget Sound from Seattle, and contains Olympic National Park. It is bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, the north by the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and the east by Hood Canal. Cape Alava, the westernmost point in the contiguous United States, and Cape Flattery, the northwesternmost point, are on the peninsula. Comprising about 3,600 square miles (9,300 km2), the Olympic Peninsula contained many of the last unexplored places in the contiguous United States. It remained largely unmapped until Arthur Dodwell and Theodore Rixon mapped most of its topography and timber resources between 1898 and 1900.

Olympic National Forest is a U.S. National Forest located in Washington, USA. With an area of 628,115 acres (2,541.89 km2), it nearly surrounds Olympic National Park and the Olympic Mountain range. Olympic National Forest contains parts of Clallam, Grays Harbor, Jefferson, and Mason counties. The landscape of the national forest varies, from the temperate Olympic rain forest to the salt water fjord of Hood Canal to the peaks of Mt. Washington.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hood Canal</span> Fjord in Washington state, United States

Hood Canal is a fjord forming the western lobe, and one of the four main basins, of Puget Sound in the US state of Washington. It is one of the minor bodies of water that constitute the Salish Sea. Hood Canal is not a canal in the sense of being a man-made waterway—it is a natural waterway.

Lilliwaup is a small unincorporated community in Mason County, Washington, United States. It is located on the west shore of Hood Canal at the mouth of Lilliwaup Creek. U.S. Route 101 passes through the town.

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The Skokomish River is a river in Mason County, Washington, United States. It is the largest river flowing into Hood Canal, a western arm of Puget Sound. From its source at the confluence of the North and South Forks the main stem Skokomish River is approximately 9 miles (14 km) long. The longer South Fork Skokomish River is 40 miles (64 km), making the length of the whole river via its longest tributary about 49 miles (79 km). The North Fork Skokomish River is approximately 34 miles (55 km) long. A significant part of the Skokomish River's watershed is within Olympic National Forest and Olympic National Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Belfair, Washington</span> Census-designated place in Washington, United States

Belfair is a census-designated place in Mason County, Washington, United States. Located at the mouth of the Union River at Hood Canal, it serves as the commercial center of North Mason County. The population of the surrounding area grows in the summertime, as the Canal and the Olympic Peninsula are popular with tourists. The population was 3,931 as of the 2010 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chimakum</span> Near-extinct ethnic group of Washington state, US

The Chimakum, also spelled Chemakum and Chimacum are a near extinct Native American people, who lived in the northeastern portion of the Olympic Peninsula in Washington state, between Hood Canal and Discovery Bay until their virtual extinction in 1902. Their primary settlements were on Port Townsend Bay, on the Quimper Peninsula, and Port Ludlow Bay to the south.

Hoodsport is a census-designated place (CDP) in Mason County, Washington, United States. The population was 376 at the 2010 census. Hoodsport is located along the Hood Canal, at the intersection of U.S. Route 101 and State Route 119. Lake Cushman is 5 miles (8.0 km) up the road on State Route 119. Hoodsport is the gateway to the Staircase area of the Olympic National Park.

Potlatch is an unincorporated community in Mason County, Washington, United States. It is located on the western shore of the Great Bend of Hood Canal, near the mouth of the Skokomish River.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Puget Sound region</span> Region around Puget Sound in Washington

The Puget Sound region is a coastal area of the Pacific Northwest in the U.S. state of Washington, including Puget Sound, the Puget Sound lowlands, and the surrounding region roughly west of the Cascade Range and east of the Olympic Mountains. It is characterized by a complex array of saltwater bays, islands, and peninsulas carved out by prehistoric glaciers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Twanoh State Park</span> State park in Washington (state), United States

Twanoh State Park is a public recreation area located 16 miles (26 km) southwest of Belfair on the east side of Hood Canal in Mason County, Washington. The state park's 188 acres (76 ha) include 3,167 feet (965 m) of saltwater shoreline and 2.5 miles (4.0 km) of inland hiking trails. The park is managed by the Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Skokomish Indian Tribe</span>

The Skokomish Indian Tribe, formerly known as the Skokomish Indian Tribe of the Skokomish Reservation, and in its own official use the Skokomish Tribal Nation, is a federally recognized tribe of Skokomish, Twana, Klallam, and Chimakum people. They are a tribe of Southern Coast Salish indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest located in Washington. The Skokomish are one of nine bands of Twana people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Satsop Hills</span>

The Satsop Hills are foothills of the Olympic Mountains in Mason County, Washington north of Matlock, Washington, between Wynoochee Lake to the west and Lake Cushman to the east.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Copper Mountain (Mason County, Washington)</span> Mountain in Washington (state), United States

Copper Mountain is a 5,425-foot (1,654 m) mountain summit located in the southeast portion of the Olympic Mountains, in Mason County of Washington state. It is situated on the boundary shared by Daniel J. Evans Wilderness and Mount Skokomish Wilderness, as well as the shared common border of Olympic National Park with Olympic National Forest. The nearest higher neighbor is Mount Ellinor, 1.67 miles (2.69 km) to the east. Wagonwheel Lake lies immediately north of the peak. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises nearly 4,700 feet (1,400 m) above the Staircase Ranger Station at Lake Cushman in approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km). Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains north into the Hamma Hamma River, and south into the North Fork Skokomish River, thence Lake Cushman.

References

  1. "Union". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  2. "Culture and History of the Skokomish Tribe". Skokomish Tribal Nation. Archived from the original on 2007-06-12.
  3. Map showing the distribution of the Indian tribes of Washington Territory compiled from the latest Authorities to illustrate a paper by the late Geo. Gibbs by W. H. Dall, U.S. Coast Survey 1876, United States Department of the Interior, 1876
  4. 1 2 Wilma, David (April 30, 2006), "Mason County — Thumbnail History", HistoryLink , Seattle: History Ink, retrieved 2022-07-25
  5. Majors, Harry M. (1975). Exploring Washington. Van Winkle Publishing Co. p. 68. ISBN   978-0-918664-00-6.
  6. Climate Summary for Union, Washington
  7. Forbes Traveler - 20 Prettiest Towns in America