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The Thermoproteota are prokaryotes that have been classified as a phylum of the Archaea domain. Initially, the Thermoproteota were thought to be sulfur-dependent extremophiles but recent studies have identified characteristic Thermoproteota environmental rRNA indicating the organisms may be the most abundant archaea in the marine environment. Originally, they were separated from the other archaea based on rRNA sequences; other physiological features, such as lack of histones, have supported this division, although some crenarchaea were found to have histones. Until recently all cultured Thermoproteota had been thermophilic or hyperthermophilic organisms, some of which have the ability to grow at up to 113°C. These organisms stain Gram negative and are morphologically diverse, having rod, cocci, filamentous and oddly-shaped cells.
The Aquificota phylum is a diverse collection of bacteria that live in harsh environmental settings. The name Aquificota was given to this phylum based on an early genus identified within this group, Aquifex, which is able to produce water by oxidizing hydrogen. They have been found in springs, pools, and oceans. They are autotrophs, and are the primary carbon fixers in their environments. These bacteria are Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rods. They are true bacteria as opposed to the other inhabitants of extreme environments, the Archaea.
Dictyoglomus is a genus of bacterium, given its own Phylum, called the Dictyoglomi. This organism is extremely thermophilic, meaning it thrives at extremely high temperatures. It is chemoorganotrophic, meaning it derives energy by metabolizing organic molecules. This organism is of interest because it elaborates an enzyme, xylanase, which digests xylan, a heteropolymer of the pentose sugar xylose. By pretreating wood pulp with this enzyme, paper manufacturers can achieve comparable levels of whiteness with much less chlorine bleach.
The Deferribacteraceae are a family of gram-negative bacteria which make energy by anaerobic respiration.
The Thermodesulfobacteriota are a phylum of thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria.
The Thermotogota are a phylum of the domain Bacteria. The phylum Thermotogota is composed of Gram-negative staining, anaerobic, and mostly thermophilic and hyperthermophilic bacteria.
The Myxococcota are a phylum of bacteria known as the fruiting gliding bacteria. All species of this group are Gram-negative. They are predominantly aerobic genera that release myxospores in unfavorable environments.
The Gemmatimonadota are a phylum of bacteria established in 2003. The phylum contains two classes Gemmatimonadetes and Longimicrobia.
Acidilobales are an order of archaea in the class Thermoprotei.
Acidilobus is a genus of archaea in the family Acidilobaceae.
Thermoanaerobacter is a genus in the phylum Bacillota (Bacteria). Members of this genus are thermophilic and anaerobic, several of them were previously described as Clostridium species and members of the now obsolete genera Acetogenium and Thermobacteroides
Desulfurella kamchatkensis is a thermophilic sulfur-reducing eubacterium. It is Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile, with a single polar flagellum and type strain K-119T.
Caldanaerobacter is a Gram-positive or negative and strictly anaerobic genus of bacteria from the family of Thermoanaerobacteraceae.
Caldimicrobium is a genus of bacteria from the family of Thermodesulfobacteriaceae.
Caldimicrobium rimae is an extremely thermophilic, strictly anaerobic and facultatively chemolithoautotrophic bacterium from the genus of Caldimicrobium which has been isolated from the Treshchinnyi Spring from Uzon Caldera in Russia.
Caldanaerobius is a moderately thermophilic and anaerobic genus of bacteria from the family of Thermoanaerobacteraceae with one known species.
Coprothermobacterota is a phylum of nonmotile, rod-shaped bacteria.
Bdellovibrionota is a phylum of bacteria.
The Ignavibacteriales are an order of obligately anaerobic, non-photosynthetic bacteria that are closely related to the green sulfur bacteria.
The Kiritimatiellota are a phylum of bacteria.
References
- ↑ Oren A, Garrity GM (2021). "Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 71 (10): 5056. doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005056 . PMID 34694987. S2CID 239887308.
- 1 2 3 Kublanov IV, Sigalova OM, Gavrilov SN, Lebedinsky AV, Rinke C, Kovaleva O, Chernyh NA, Ivanova N, Daum C, Reddy TBK, Klenk H-P, Spring S, Göker M, Reva ON, Miroschnichenko ML, Kyrpides NC, Woyke T, Gelfand MS, Bonch-Osmolovskaya EA. (2017). "Genomic Analysis of Caldithrix abyssi, the Thermophilic Anaerobic Bacterium of the Novel Bacterial Phylum Calditrichaeota". Front Microbiol. 8: 195. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00195 . PMC 5317091 . PMID 28265262.
- 1 2 Oren A, Garrity GM. (2020). "Validation list no. 193. List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 70 (5): 2960–2966. doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004156 . PMID 32471528. S2CID 219103834.
- 1 2 Miroshnichenko ML, Kostrikina NA, Chernyh NA, Pimenov NV, Tourova TP, Antipov AN, Spring S, Stackebrandt E, Bonch-Osmolovskaya EA. (2003). "Caldithrix abyssi gen. nov., sp. nov., a nitrate-reducing, thermophilic, anaerobic bacterium isolated from a Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal vent, represents a novel bacterial lineage". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 53 (Pt 1): 323–329. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.02390-0 . PMID 12656191.
- ↑ Parte, A.C. "Caldithrix". LPSN .