M. R. Rajagopal

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M. R. Rajagopal
Dr. M. R Rajagopal.jpg
Born (1947-09-23) 23 September 1947 (age 76)
Trivandrum, Kerala, India
Years active1994–present
Known forPioneer in palliative medicine in India
Medical career
ProfessionPhysician
Field Palliative Medicine
Institutions
  • Medical College, Trivandrum
  • Medical College, Calicut
  • Pain and Palliative Care Society, Calicut
  • Trivandrum Institute of Palliative Sciences
Awards Padma Shri (2018)

M. R. Rajagopal (born 23 September 1947) is an Indian palliative care physician (anesthesiologist) and professor referred to as the 'father of palliative care in India' [1] [2] in honour of his significant contribution to the palliative care scene in India. [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

Contents

Rajagopal is the Founder Chairman of Pallium India, a palliative care non-governmental organisation formed in 2003 and based in Kerala, India. [8] [9]

Rajagopal was the prime mover in the creation of the National Program for Palliative Care (NPPC) by the Ministry of Health of Government of India.

His advocacy has contributed to amendment of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act of India in 2014 and in its implementation—a critical step in reducing needless suffering and allowing millions to access pain relief. [10]

A documentary film based on Rajagopal's life, titled 'Hippocratic: 18 Experiments in Gently Shaking the World' [11] was released by Moonshine Agency, Australia, on World Palliative Care Day, 14 October 2017. [12] [13] [14] [15]

In 2018, the Indian Government honoured Rajagopal with the Padma Shri award, "one of the highest civilian awards" [16] instituted in India for distinguished service. [17] [18] He was nominated in 2018 and 2023 for the Nobel Peace Prize. [19] [20]

He published his memoir 'Walk with the Weary' [21] in 2022, where he shares lessons he learned while walking along the road of life limiting illness with people who changed his outlook on what matters the most when living with a critical illness, and also at the end of life. [22] [23] [24]

Rajagopal has co-authored many Lancet Commission reports and was one of the authors of the report on 'Value of Death' published in 2022.

Positions held

Rajagopal holds the following positions:

Rajagopal is on the editorial board of several international journals and has authored/edited two textbooks, several book chapters (including Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine) and more than 30 publications in scientific journals.

Current involvement with scientific journals:

Achievements

Rajagopal is one of the founders of Pain and Palliative Care Society (PPCS) in Medical College, Calicut, Kerala in 1993. [32] In 1995, PPCS was recognized as a model demonstration project by the World Health Organization for community based palliative care activities. It set up an Institute of Palliative Medicine (IPM), with numerous link centres.

Since 1996, Rajagopal has been working with the WHO Collaborating Center at Madison-Wisconsin and with Government of India to improve opioid availability in India.[ citation needed ]

In 2003, he with colleagues created Pallium India, a registered charitable trust with the intention of spreading palliative care to areas in India where they did not exist, and for palliative care advocacy. By 2016, the organization reached 15 of India's 29 states. In 2006, Pallium India created the Trivandrum Institute of Palliative Sciences (TIPS) as its training, research and clinical demonstration unit. In 2012, TIPS was declared a WHO Collaborating Centre.[ citation needed ]

He was elected as Lifetime International Association for Hospice and Palliative Care (IAHPC) Board Advisor in 2012. [33]

Rajagopal is one of the five lead authors of the Lancet Commission report published in October 2017, [34] which pointed out that more than 61 million people live in pain and suffering worldwide every year without access to palliative care. The report describes a possible global strategy for correction in this huge inequity in care and suggests and a low-cost essential package which could remedy the situation. [35] [36] [37]

Rajagopal's contribution has been significant in bringing the Parliament of India to amend the draconian Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act of 1985. The Amendment was passed in 2014 Feb. [38] [39] [40]

In 2014, Rajagopal was honored by Human Rights Watch with Alison Des Forges Award for Extraordinary Activism, [41] in recognition of his efforts to defend the right of patients to live and die with dignity.

In 2017, Rajagopal was named one of the 30 most influential leaders in hospice and palliative medicine by American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine (AAHPM). [42]

The Government of India, in 2018, honoured Rajagopal with the Padma Shri award, "one of the highest civilian awards" [16] for distinguished service in healthcare. [17] [18]

Rajagopal published his memoir 'Walk with the Weary' [21] in 2022, sharing his journey as a palliative care advocate and practitioner. [22] [23] [24]

Rajagopal co-authored many Lancet Commission reports including the 'Value of Death' report published in 2022.

Awards and honours

Related Research Articles

Palliative care is an interdisciplinary medical caregiving approach aimed at optimizing quality of life and mitigating suffering among people with serious, complex, and often terminal illnesses. Within the published literature, many definitions of palliative care exist. The World Health Organization (WHO) describes palliative care as "an approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problems associated with life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain, illnesses including other problems whether physical, psychosocial, and spiritual". In the past, palliative care was a disease specific approach, but today the WHO takes a broader patient-centered approach that suggests that the principles of palliative care should be applied as early as possible to any chronic and ultimately fatal illness. This shift was important because if a disease-oriented approach is followed, the needs and preferences of the patient are not fully met and aspects of care, such as pain, quality of life, and social support, as well as spiritual and emotional needs, fail to be addressed. Rather, a patient-centered model prioritizes relief of suffering and tailors care to increase the quality of life for terminally ill patients.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Government Medical College, Kozhikode</span> Medical school in Kerala, India

Government Medical College, Kozhikode, also known as Calicut Medical College (CMC), is a school of medicine in Kozhikode in the Indian state of Kerala. The college was established in 1957 as the second medical college in Kerala by DR.A.AR.MENON MBBS, FRCH, Minister for Health, EMS ministry. With over 3025 beds, it is currently the largest hospital in India and tenth largest in the world. It is also one of India's largest hospitals by area, covering more than 270 acres of land in the outskirts of Kozhikode city. Formerly affiliated to the University of Calicut, the college is now attached to the Kerala University of Health Sciences (KUHS). Calicut Medical College is the most preferred medical college of Kerala during both All India as well as state counsellings for MBBS admission.

Terminal illness or end-stage disease is a disease that cannot be cured or adequately treated and is expected to result in the death of the patient. This term is more commonly used for progressive diseases such as cancer, dementia or advanced heart disease than for injury. In popular use, it indicates a disease that will progress until death with near absolute certainty, regardless of treatment. A patient who has such an illness may be referred to as a terminal patient, terminally ill or simply as being terminal. There is no standardized life expectancy for a patient to be considered terminal, although it is generally months or less. Life expectancy for terminal patients is a rough estimate given by the physician based on previous data and does not always reflect true longevity. An illness which is lifelong but not fatal is a chronic condition.

The Institute of Palliative Medicine is an education, training and research centre for palliative care located in Kozhikode, India. The institute trains health care professionals in palliative care and related medical disciplines. Through its connection with Calicut Medical College and other clinics in the state of Kerala, the institute supports between 4,500 and 5,000 patients per week. This institute is an organ of Pain and Palliative Care Society, Medical College, Calicut, which was founded in 1993.

M. Krishnan Nair was an Indian oncologist. He was the founding director of the Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, a director of the S.U.T. Institute of Oncology, and Trivandrum Cancer Center(TCC), part of SUT Royal Hospital in Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum) and a professor at the Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research in Kochi. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian award of the Padma Shri in 2001 for his contributions in the cancer care field.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ira Byock</span> American physician and author

Ira Robert Byock is an American physician, author, and advocate for palliative care. He is founder and chief medical officer of the Providence St. Joseph Health Institute for Human Caring in Torrance, California, and holds appointments as active emeritus professor of medicine and professor of community health and family medicine at the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College. He was director of palliative medicine at Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center, from 2003–14, and associate director for patient and family-centered care at the affiliated Norris-Cotton Cancer Center.

William S. Breitbart, FAPM, is an American psychiatrist in Psychosomatic Medicine, Psycho-oncology, and Palliative Care. He is the Jimmie C Holland Chair in Psychiatric Oncology, and the Chief of the Psychiatry Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, He is a Professor of Clinical Psychiatry at Weill Medical College of Cornell University. He was president of the Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine, and the Editor-in-Chief of Palliative and Supportive Care.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hospice</span> Organization that cares for the dying or the incurably ill

Hospice care is a type of health care that focuses on the palliation of a terminally ill patient's pain and symptoms and attending to their emotional and spiritual needs at the end of life. Hospice care prioritizes comfort and quality of life by reducing pain and suffering. Hospice care provides an alternative to therapies focused on life-prolonging measures that may be arduous, likely to cause more symptoms, or are not aligned with a person's goals.

Diane E. Meier, an American geriatrician and palliative care specialist. In 1999, Dr. Meier founded the Center to Advance Palliative Care, a national organization devoted to increasing access to quality health care in the United States for people living with serious illness. She continues to serve as CAPC's Director Emerita and Strategic Medical Advisor. Meier is also Vice-Chair for Public Policy, Professor of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine and Catherine Gaisman Professor of Medical Ethics at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City. Meier was founder and Director of the Hertzberg Palliative Care Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine in New York City from 1997 to 2011.

Robert Twycross is a retired British physician and writer. He was a pioneer of the hospice movement during the 1970s, when he helped palliative care gain recognition as an accepted field of modern medicine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">K. Srinath Reddy</span>

K. Srinath Reddy is an Indian physician and the Former President of the Public Health Foundation of India and formerly headed the Department of Cardiology at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS).

In 2006, hospice and palliative medicine was officially recognized by the American Board of Medical Specialties, and is co-sponsored by the American Boards of

Anne Merriman, MBE, MCommH, FRCPI, FRCP is a British doctor, known for her pioneering work and influential research into palliative care in developing countries in Africa. She has campaigned to make affordable oral morphine widely available.

Pallium India is a national registered charitable trust formed in 2003 aimed at providing quality palliative care and effective pain relief for patients in India. Dr. M. R. Rajagopal is the founder and chairman of Pallium India. The organization works with national and international organisations to improve the accessibility and affordability of pain relief drugs (opioids) and other low-cost medicines, to ensure the availability of palliative care services in India and to improve the quality of palliative care services provided by the healthcare and allied health care professionals. In February 2016, Pallium India was accredited by Social Justice Department of Government of Kerala.

Rajendra Achyut Badwe, is an Indian medical doctor and surgical oncologist. He was honoured by the Government of India, in 2013, by bestowing on him the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award, for his contributions to the field of medicine. He is currently the Director of Tata Memorial Centre.

Dr. Jitendra Kumar Singh is an Indian oncologist, the ex director of Mahavir Cancer Institute & Research Centre and the president of Cancer Care India, the apex body for cancer support organisations in India. He was honoured by the Government of India, in 2012, with the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stephen Connor (psychologist)</span>

Stephen Robert Connor is an American licensed clinical health psychologist, researcher, author, executive and palliative care consultant. He is the executive director of the Worldwide Hospice Palliative Care Alliance (WHPCA), formerly called the Worldwide Palliative Care Alliance (WPCA). From 1998 to 2008 he served as Vice President of Research and Development at the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization (NHPCO). He has promoted global initiatives for hospice and end-of-life care programs through the World Health Assembly. He has also addressed the UN General Assembly on the need for greater pain management in palliative care.

References

  1. ↑ McNeil, Donald G. Jr (11 September 2007). "In India, a Quest to Ease the Pain of the Dying". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  2. ↑ "The father of palliative care: Dr Raj". ABC Radio Perth. 23 October 2017. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
  3. ↑ "On Dying Happy, On Dying Well". Saritorial.com. Archived from the original on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  4. ↑ "M. R. Rajagopal, MD". International Palliative Care Resource Centre. Archived from the original on 19 December 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  5. ↑ "A Visit with The Father of Palliative Care in India". Global Health Immersion Programs. Archived from the original on 1 July 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  6. ↑ "MR Rajagopal: The man who spearheaded efforts to improve access to morphine". The Economic Times. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  7. ↑ "M. R. Rajagopal". International Association for Hospice & Palliative Care (IAHPC). Archived from the original on 3 July 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  8. ↑ "Caring for the Terminally Ill and Those in Pain, This Man Has Helped Thousands". The Better India. Archived from the original on 13 April 2017. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
  9. ↑ "The extraordinary doctor who makes a difference". Rediff.com. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
  10. ↑ "A Push for Balanced Drug Policy Is Transforming Pain Relief in India". Open Society Foundations. Archived from the original on 4 April 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
  11. ↑ "Hippocratic". Hippocratic Film. Archived from the original on 16 October 2017. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
  12. ↑ "Man on a mission to reduce unnecessary suffering". Palliative Care Australia. Archived from the original on 28 October 2017. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  13. ↑ "Film review: Hippocratic – 18 Experiments in Gently Shaking the World". eHospice International. Archived from the original on 1 June 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  14. ↑ "India's father of palliative care gently shakes Australia with his insights and wisdom". Palliative Care Australia. Archived from the original on 28 October 2017. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  15. ↑ "The Hippocratic Oath". ehospice Kenya. Archived from the original on 23 March 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  16. 1 2 "Padma Awards". www.padmaawards.gov.in. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  17. 1 2 3 "Government announces recipients of 2018 Padma awards". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 January 2018.
  18. 1 2 "Padma awards for 'unsung heroes'". The Hindu Business Line. 25 January 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
  19. ↑ "Indian Palliative Care Doctor Nominated for Nobel Peace Prize". Hospice Palliative Care Association of South Africa. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  20. ↑ "India's 'father of palliative care' brings message of community compassion to B.C." CBC. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  21. 1 2 "Death without suffering".
  22. 1 2 "Tharoor: Memoir by Pallium India Founder Released | Thiruvananthapuram News - Times of India". The Times of India .
  23. 1 2 "M. R. Rajagopal". www.amazon.in. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
  24. 1 2 "M. R. Rajagopal".
  25. ↑ "Kerala, a role model in palliative care". The Hindu. 14 July 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2016.
  26. ↑ "TIPS declared as a WHO Collaborating Centre". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  27. ↑ "Elisabeth Kubler-Ross Foundation Board". Elisabeth Kubler-Ross Foundation. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  28. ↑ "Indian Journal of Palliative Care Editorial Board". Indian Journal of Palliative Care. Retrieved 20 March 2016.
  29. ↑ "Journal of Pain and Symptom Management Editorial Board". Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. Retrieved 20 March 2016.
  30. ↑ "Palliative Care: Research and Treatment". LA Press. Retrieved 20 March 2016.
  31. ↑ "PAIN: Clinical Updates". International Association for the Study of Pain. Retrieved 20 March 2016.
  32. ↑ "Doctor Who Takes Pain Out of Terminal Ailments". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 20 March 2016.
  33. ↑ "M.R. Rajagopal - International Association for Hospice & Palliative Care". hospicecare.com. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  34. ↑ "Alleviating the access abyss in palliative care and pain relief—an imperative of universal health coverage: the Lancet Commission report". The Lancet. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  35. ↑ "Study rues inequity in access to pain relief". The Hindu. 13 October 2017. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  36. ↑ "World Palliative Care Day: 'Palliative care inadequate'". Deccan Chronicle. 13 October 2017. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  37. ↑ "Study puts a count to suffering people in need of palliative care". The Indian Express. 13 October 2017. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  38. ↑ "A fight for life and death with dignity". The Indian Express. 30 October 2009. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  39. ↑ Maya, C. (22 February 2014). "Passing of NDPS Act Amendment Bill will make morphine more accessible". The Hindu. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  40. ↑ "Why cancer patients are cheering a recent change in the narcotics law". ScrollIn News. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  41. ↑ "Rights Activists Honored". Human Rights Watch. 16 September 2014. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
  42. ↑ "Visionaries in Hospice and Palliative Medicine". American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  43. ↑ "US honour for Pallium India founder". The Hindu. 16 March 2018. Retrieved 17 March 2018.
  44. ↑ "Honoured". The Hindu. 30 March 2017. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
  45. ↑ "Apollo Hospitals in partnership with Network18 celebrate the 'Healers of India' at a gala event in New Delhi". Appollo Hospitals. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
  46. ↑ "Network18 and Apollo Hospitals Felicitate the Champions of Rural Healthcare with 'Healers of India' Awards". Country and Politics. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
  47. ↑ "Dr M.R.Rajagopal receives Navjeevan Inspiration of the Year award". Pallium India. 24 March 2017. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
  48. ↑ "TNG Award". Asianet News TV. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
  49. ↑ "Dr MR Rajagopal wins TNG award". The Times of India. 26 January 2017. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
  50. ↑ "TNG award for palliative care physician Dr M R Rajagopal". Business Standard. Press Trust of India. 25 January 2017. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
  51. ↑ "Pallium India receives award for excellence and leadership in palliative care". ehospice. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  52. ↑ "People Doctors Awards Declared". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
  53. ↑ "Alison Des Forges Award". Human Rights Watch. 16 September 2014. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
  54. ↑ "Dr Palpu Award". The Hindu. 30 September 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  55. ↑ "IASP's award for Excellence in Pain Research and Management". The Hindu . 20 September 2010. Archived from the original on 8 June 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  56. ↑ "IASP award for Excellence in Pain Management and Research in Developing Countries". IASP. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  57. ↑ "Marie Nyswander award". Reuters. Archived from the original on 8 June 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  58. ↑ "Care and Share Humanitarian Award". Care and Share. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
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