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Massacre of the Telal occurred in 1517 when Ottoman Turks fully took control of Syria at the end of the Ottoman-Mamluk war. The massacre began when the Ottoman Sultan Selim I summoned some Sunnite religious leaders and obtained from them a fatwa to fight "infidel" Alawis. The ensuing massacre resulted in the deaths of 9,400 Shiite men assembled in Aleppo.
References
- ↑ The Solomon Goldman lectures. Spertus College of Judaica Press. 1999. p. 56. ISBN 978-0935982572.
The Turks' conquest of the city in 1517, was marked by a violent pogrom of murder, rape, and plunder of Jewish homes. The surviving Jews fled to Beirut, not to return until 1533.
- ↑ Extremist Shiites: The Ghulat Sects. Syracuse University Press. 1987. p. 275. ISBN 0-8156-2411-5.
Sultan Selim I summoned some Sunnite religious men and obtained from them a fatwa (juristic opinion) to fight the "infidel Alawis," or Shiites. It is estimated that 9,400 Shiite men assembled in Aleppo; all were maliciously murdered by the order of the Ottoman Sultan on the sanction of the Sunnite religious leader
- ↑ "Ottoman Empire massacre against Alawites". Syrian Center for Studies. 9 May 2017. Archived from the original on 23 April 2019. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ↑ Moses ben Mordecai Bassola; Avraham Daṿid (31 December 1999). In Zion and Jerusalem: the itinerary of Rabbi Moses Basola (1521–1523). C. G. Foundation Jerusalem Project Publications of the Martin (Szusz) Department of Land of Israel Studies of Bar-Ilan University. p. 62. ISBN 978-9652229267.
The demographic data noted here must also be examined against the background of outbreaks of anti-Jewish violence shortly after the Ottoman conquest that caused many of Safed's Jews to flee the city in early 1517.
- ↑ A Military History of Modern Egypt: From the Ottoman Conquest to the Ramadan War, Andrew James McGregor, p. 44, 2006
- ↑ Sherman Lieber (1992). Mystics and missionaries: the Jews in Palestine, 1799–1840 . University of Utah Press. p. 217. ISBN 978-0874803914.
During a ferocious onslaught of three hours, Ibrahim Pasha allowed his troops to slaughter Muslims, plunder the population, and defile the women. When Muslims sought safety in the Jewish quarter of Hebron, the soldiers pursued them, indiscriminately killing and looting all in their path.
- ↑ Martin Sicker (1999). Reshaping Palestine: from Muhammad Ali to the British Mandate, 1831–1922. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 13. ISBN 978-0275966393.
However, the insurrection soon lost its original purpose and turned into bloody rioting and excesses directed against the Jewish population. Arab villagers joined with the townspeople to attack the Jews, raping, looting and destroying synagogues. The rioting was most severe in Safed, where assaults and vandalism forced many Jews to flee to safety amount the friendly Arabs of the nearby village of Ein Zetim. Others were afraid to remain in the remote area and decided to relocate to Jerusalem. During the course of the disturbances, some 500 Torah scrolls were destroyed in Safed alone. The rioting continued for thirty-three days, until a contingent of Druse troops from Ibrahim's army arrived to restore order. The governor of Safed and thirteen of the ringleaders were taken captive, summarily tried, and put to death.
- ↑ Eldem, Edhem; Goffman, Daniel; Masters, Bruce (1999). The Ottoman City between East and West: Aleppo, Izmir, and Istanbul. Cambridge University Press. p. 71. ISBN 978-0521643047 . Retrieved 15 October 2012.
- ↑ Shaw, Ezel Kural. History of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey, Volume 2, Cambridge University Press, 1977
