Douglas County, Oregon

Douglas County
County
Douglas County Courthouse in Roseburg
Location within the U.S. state of Oregon
Oregon's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 43°17′N123°11′W / 43.29°N 123.18°W / 43.29; -123.18
Country	United States
State	Oregon
Founded	January 7, 1852
Named for	Stephen A. Douglas
Seat	Roseburg
Largest city	Roseburg
Area
• Total	5,134 sq mi (13,300 km2)
• Land	5,036 sq mi (13,040 km2)
• Water	98 sq mi (250 km2)  1.9%
Population  (2020)
• Total	111,201
• Estimate  (2023)	112,435
• Density	21/sq mi (8/km2)
Time zone	UTC−8 (Pacific)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−7 (PDT)
Congressional districts	2nd, 4th
Website	douglascountyor.gov

Map of Douglas County

The county, looking east from west of Roseburg

A gold "needle" from the Bohemia District in Douglas County

Douglas County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 111,201. ^[1] The county seat is Roseburg. ^[2] The county is named after Stephen A. Douglas, an American politician who supported Oregon statehood. Douglas County comprises the Roseburg, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area. In regards to area, Douglas County is the largest county west of the Oregon Cascades.

History

The area originally was inhabited by the Umpqua Indians, a grouping of natives who spoke a variety of Penutian and Athabaskan languages. Following the Rogue River Indian War in 1856, most of the remaining natives were moved by the government to the Grand Ronde Indian Reservation. However, seven families of Umpqua hid in the hills, eluding capture for many decades. They are now federally recognized as the Cow Creek Band of Umpqua Tribe of Indians. The tribe manages a small reservation in Canyonville, Oregon, and has a Casino/Hotel named Seven Feathers to represent the seven families who refused forced removal to the Grand Ronde Reservation.

Douglas County was created on January 7, 1852, from the portion of Umpqua County which lay east of the Coast Range summit. In 1856 the Camas Valley was annexed to Douglas County from Coos County. In 1862, the rest of Umpqua county was absorbed into Douglas County, some say due to the loss of population following the end of the early gold boom, while others attribute the absorption to politics. Further boundary adjustments were made with Jackson and Lane Counties in 1915. The borders of Douglas County are largely defined by the Umpqua River watershed.

In 2017, after the defeat of a referendum, the Douglas County Library System ceased operations and all public libraries in the county were closed. ^[3] Subsequently, 10 of the cities reopened their libraries to continue serving their communities.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 5,134 square miles (13,300 km²), of which 5,036 square miles (13,040 km²) is land and 98 square miles (250 km²) (1.9%) is water. ^[4] It is the fifth-largest county in Oregon by area. A portion of the Umpqua National Forest is in Douglas County. Douglas County is one of two Oregon counties that extend from the Pacific Ocean to the Cascade Range. (The other is Lane County.)

National protected areas

• Crater Lake National Park (part)
• Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest (part)
• Siuslaw National Forest (part)
• Umpqua National Forest (part)
• Willamette National Forest (part)

Adjacent counties

• Lane County (north)
• Klamath County (east)
• Jackson County (south)
• Josephine County (south)
• Curry County (southwest)
• Coos County (west)

Demographics

An aerial view of the county

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1860	3,203		—
1870	6,066		89.4%
1880	9,596		58.2%
1890	11,864		23.6%
1900	14,565		22.8%
1910	19,674		35.1%
1920	21,332		8.4%
1930	21,965		3.0%
1940	25,728		17.1%
1950	54,549		112.0%
1960	68,458		25.5%
1970	71,743		4.8%
1980	93,748		30.7%
1990	94,649		1.0%
2000	100,399		6.1%
2010	107,667		7.2%
2020	111,201		3.3%
2023 (est.)	112,435	[5]	1.1%
U.S. Decennial Census [6] 1790–1960 [7] 1900–1990 [8] 1990–2000 [9] 2010–2020 [1]

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, there were 111,201 people residing in the county. ^[1]

2010 census

As of the 2010 census, there were 107,667 people, 44,581 households, and 29,839 families living in the county. ^[10] The population density was 21.4 inhabitants per square mile (8.3 inhabitants/km²). There were 48,915 housing units at an average density of 9.7 units per square mile (3.7 units/km²). ^[11] The racial makeup of the county was 92.4% white, 1.8% American Indian, 1.0% Asian, 0.3% black or African American, 0.1% Pacific islander, 1.2% from other races, and 3.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 4.7% of the population. ^[10] In terms of ancestry, 25.6% were German, 16.7% were Irish, 15.8% were English, and 5.7% were American. ^[12]

Of the 44,581 households, 26.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.2% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.1% were non-families, and 26.6% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.82. The median age was 46.1 years. ^[10]

The median income for a household in the county was $39,711 and the median income for a family was $48,729. Males had a median income of $39,308 versus $28,176 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,342. About 10.6% of families and 15.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.1% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over. ^[13]

2000 census

As of the 2000 census, there were 100,399 people, 39,821 households, and 28,233 families living in the county. The population density was 20 people per square mile (7.7 people/km²). There were 43,284 housing units at an average density of 9 units per square mile (3.5/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 93.86% White, 0.18% Black or African American, 1.52% Native American, 0.63% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 1.02% from other races, and 2.70% from two or more races. 3.27% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 18.4% were of German, 13.2% American, 12.6% English and 10.2% Irish ancestry. 96.5% spoke English and 2.2% Spanish as their first language.

There were 39,821 households, out of which 29.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.2% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.1% were non-families. 23.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.9.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 24% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $33,223, and the median income for a family was $39,364. Males had a median income of $32,512 versus $22,349 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,581. About 9.6% of families and 13.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.6% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.

Communities

Cities

• Canyonville
• Drain
• Elkton
• Glendale
• Myrtle Creek
• Oakland
• Reedsport
• Riddle
• Roseburg (county seat)
• Sutherlin
• Winston
• Yoncalla

Census-designated places

• Days Creek
• Dillard
• Fair Oaks
• Gardiner
• Glide
• Green
• Lookingglass
• Melrose
• Roseburg North
• Tri-City
• Winchester Bay

Unincorporated communities

• Anlauf
• Ash
• Azalea
• Brockway
• Camas Valley
• Clearwater
• Cleveland
• Curtin
• Diamond Lake
• Dixonville
• Drew
• Edenbower
• Elkhead
• Idleyld Park
• Leona
• Milo
• Nonpareil
• Peel
• Rice Hill
• Round Prairie
• Scottsburg
• Shady
• Steamboat
• Sulphur Springs
• Tenmile
• Tiller
• Toketee Falls
• Tyee
• Umpqua
• Union Gap
• Wilbur
• Winchester

Transportation

Roads

Oregon Route 99 runs through Azalea, Tri-City, Myrtle Creek, Canyonville, Green, Roseburg, Winchester, Sutherlin, Rice Hill, Drain, and Anlauf.

Interstate 5 provides access to the communities of Tri-City, Myrtle Creek, Canyonville, Green, Roseburg, Sutherlin, and Rice Hill.

Oregon Route 138 runs northwest from Roseburg to Elkton, Oregon, and generally east from Roseburg to its terminus at a junction with U.S. Route 97, just east of Diamond Lake and Crater Lake.

Buses

The communities of Douglas county are regionally served by U-Trans (formerly Umpqua Transit), the local bus service. In 2017, these services were significantly expanded to include locations such as Oakland, Oregon and Tenmile

Greyhound Lines provide the community of Roseburg with more distant transportation.

Airports

There are two public airports in Roseburg, Marion E. Carl Memorial Field at the north end of town and George Felt Airport to the west.

Politics

In contrast to the Willamette Valley, Douglas County is powerfully conservative and Republican, being akin to Josephine County to the south, or to Eastern Oregon. No Democratic presidential nominee has carried Douglas County since Lyndon Johnson's landslide win in 1964: indeed the last Democrat to crack forty percent of the county's vote was Michael Dukakis in 1988 during an election influenced by a major drought. Historically, the county, like all of Western Oregon north of the Rogue Valley, also leaned strongly Republican: before 1964 the only other Democrats to carry Douglas County had been John F. Kennedy in 1960, Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1936 and 1932, Woodrow Wilson in 1912 and William Jennings Bryan in 1896. ^[14]

Douglas County is split between the heavily Republican 2nd congressional district, represented by Cliff Bentz, and the liberal-leaning 4th district, which includes the liberal stronghold of Eugene and has been represented by Democrat Val Hoyle since 2023. Within the Oregon House of Representatives, Douglas County is split between four districts. The coastal part, including Reedsport, lies within the 9th District represented by Republican Boomer Wright. A belt from Roseburg south lies in the 4th District, which extends into Jackson and Josephine counties, is represented by Republican Christine Goodwin. The far southwest adjacent to Curry and Coos counties is within the 1st District represented by Republican David Brock Smith, and the bulk of the county, centered on the northeastern half, lies in the 2nd District represented by Republican Virgle Osborne.

In the Oregon State Senate, Douglas County is split between three districts. The coastal part (9th House of Representatives District) lies within the 5th Senate District represented by Republican Dick Anderson. The two southwestern State House Districts (1st and 2nd) are part of the 1st Senate District represented by Republican David Brock Smith. The southernmost portion of Douglas County exists within the state's 2nd Senate District, represented by Republican Art Robinson.

Despite its conservative reputation, Douglas County voters rejected a secessionist proposal to join the Greater Idaho coalition in May of 2022.

United States presidential election results for Douglas County, Oregon ^{[15] [16]}

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	43,298	67.29%	19,160	29.78%	1,891	2.94%
2016	34,582	64.61%	14,096	26.34%	4,843	9.05%
2012	30,776	61.80%	17,145	34.43%	1,882	3.78%
2008	30,919	58.41%	20,298	38.34%	1,720	3.25%
2004	35,956	65.39%	18,089	32.90%	939	1.71%
2000	30,294	64.16%	14,193	30.06%	2,733	5.79%
1996	21,855	51.10%	15,250	35.66%	5,664	13.24%
1992	19,011	41.45%	14,137	30.83%	12,712	27.72%
1988	20,120	52.38%	17,255	44.92%	1,040	2.71%
1984	25,243	63.11%	14,609	36.53%	144	0.36%
1980	23,101	58.46%	12,564	31.79%	3,851	9.75%
1976	16,500	50.04%	14,965	45.39%	1,508	4.57%
1972	15,881	57.73%	9,009	32.75%	2,618	9.52%
1968	13,410	51.40%	9,186	35.21%	3,496	13.40%
1964	9,806	38.13%	15,909	61.86%	2	0.01%
1960	12,493	48.39%	13,322	51.61%	0	0.00%
1956	13,837	53.92%	11,825	46.08%	0	0.00%
1952	14,109	64.11%	7,837	35.61%	63	0.29%
1948	7,671	56.35%	5,500	40.41%	441	3.24%
1944	6,134	56.59%	4,563	42.09%	143	1.32%
1940	5,991	55.63%	4,707	43.70%	72	0.67%
1936	4,254	42.08%	4,893	48.40%	963	9.53%
1932	4,046	44.69%	4,638	51.23%	370	4.09%
1928	5,609	70.52%	2,191	27.55%	154	1.94%
1924	4,219	53.75%	1,666	21.23%	1,964	25.02%
1920	4,402	60.18%	2,428	33.19%	485	6.63%
1916	3,922	48.16%	3,679	45.18%	542	6.66%
1912	1,267	26.04%	1,601	32.90%	1,998	41.06%
1908	2,092	53.81%	1,359	34.95%	437	11.24%
1904	2,443	63.21%	908	23.49%	514	13.30%
1900	1,910	51.94%	1,624	44.17%	143	3.89%
1896	1,917	47.66%	2,059	51.19%	46	1.14%
1892	1,329	44.27%	529	17.62%	1,144	38.11%
1888	1,305	51.72%	1,117	44.27%	101	4.00%
1884	1,216	51.20%	1,125	47.37%	34	1.43%
1880	1,256	52.80%	1,105	46.45%	18	0.76%

Economy

Almost the entire watershed of the Umpqua River lies within the boundaries of Douglas County. The heavily timbered county contains nearly 1.8 million acres (7,300 km²) of commercial forest lands and one of the oldest stands of old growth timber in the world. Approximately 25–30% of the labor force is employed in the forest products industry. Agriculture, mainly field crops, orchards, and livestock (particularly sheep ranching), is also important to the economy of the county. The land of Douglas County is roughly half-publicly and half-privately owned. ^[17]

The post-Prohibition wine industry in Oregon began with Richard Somer planting Hillcrest Vineyard at the south end of the Umpqua Valley in 1961. The Umpqua Valley wine appellation lies entirely within Douglas county.

Nickel has been refined at Riddle since 1954. There is a significant federal presence in the region; the Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management administer more than 50% of the county's land.

As of 2015, the top ten private employers in the county were: ^[18]

#	Employer	# of Employees
1	Roseburg Forest Products	1,885
2	Mercy Medical Center	1,092
3	Swanson Group Aviation	682
4	TMS Call Center	615
5	Seven Feathers Hotel & Casino Resort	606
6	First Call Resolution	424
7	Umpqua Bank	331
8	Orenco Systems	266
9	A&M Transport, Inc.	200
10	Douglas County Forest Products	160

Media

• Douglas County News
• The News-Review
• The Umpqua Post

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Douglas County, Oregon

References

1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
3. "Anti-Tax Fervor Closed Their Libraries. Now Residents Are Trying to Go It Alone". MSN . Retrieved October 20, 2018.
4. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved February 25, 2015.
5. "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
6. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 25, 2015.
7. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved February 25, 2015.
8. Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 25, 2015.
9. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 26, 2015. Retrieved February 25, 2015.
10. "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2016.
11. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2016.
12. "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2016.
13. "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2016.
14. Menendez, Albert J.; The Geography of Presidential Elections in the United States, 1868-2004, pp. 284-286 ISBN   0786422173
15. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
16. "Our Campaigns - U.S. President" . Retrieved January 22, 2021.
17. "Douglas County Case Study". Darkwing.uoregon.edu. Retrieved June 16, 2013.
18. "2015 Douglas County Largest Employers (private sector)" (PDF). Umpqua Economic Development Partnership. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 1, 2015. Retrieved March 11, 2015.

Further reading

• Stephen Dow Beckham, Land of the Umpqua: A History of Douglas County, Oregon. Roseburg, OR: Douglas County Commissioners, 1986.
• Harold Edgar Cooper, Douglas County Tales. Monmouth, OR: Harold Edgar Cooper, 1982.
• John M. Cornutt, Cow Creek Valley Memories: Riddle Pioneers Remembered in John M. Cornutt's Autobiography. Eugene, OR: Industrial Publishing Co., 1971.
• Douglas County Historical Society, Historic Douglas County, Oregon, 1982. Roseburg, OR: Douglas County Historical Society, 1982.
• Douglas County Museum, Land of Umpqua. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub., 2011.
• Ron Curry, Place Names and Locations in Douglas County, Oregon. Roseburg, OR: Genealogical Society of Douglas County, 2003.
• R.J. Guyler, Douglas County Chronicles: History from the Land of One Hundred Valleys. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2013.
• Fred Reenstjerna and Jena Mitchell, "Life in Douglas County, Oregon: The Western Experience. Roseburg, OR: Douglas County Museum, 1993.
• Turnbull, George S. (1939). "Douglas County"  . History of Oregon Newspapers  . Binfords & Mort.
• Barbara Amy Breitmayer Vatter, A Forest History of Douglas County, Oregon, to 1900: A Microcosmic Study of Imperialism. New York: Garland Publishing, 1985.
• Albert G Walling, History of Southern Oregon: Comprising Jackson, Josephine, Douglas, Curry and Coos Counties. Portland, OR: A.G. Walling, 1884.

43°17′N123°11′W / 43.29°N 123.18°W / 43.29; -123.18