1794 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania

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United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania, 1794
Flag of Pennsylvania.svg
  1792 October 14, 1794 1796  

All 13 Pennsylvania seats to the United States House of Representatives
 Majority partyMinority party
 
Party Democratic-Republican Federalist
Last election85
Seats won94
Seat changeIncrease2.svg 1Decrease2.svg 1

Results of the United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania, 1794.svg
Results:
  Democratic-Republican
  Federalist

Elections to the House of Representatives were held in Pennsylvania on October 14, 1794, for the Fourth Congress.

Contents

Background

Thirteen Representatives, 8 Anti-Administration (Democratic-Republican) and 5 Pro-Administration (Federalist), had been elected in the previous election on an at-large basis, the last time that Pennsylvania elected all of its representatives at-large. Ten incumbents (6 Anti-Administration and 4 Pro-Administration) ran for re-election.

Congressional districts

For the 1794 elections, Pennsylvania divided itself into 12 districts, one of which (the 4th ) was a plural district, with 2 Representatives. These districts remained in use until redistricting after the census of 1800.

The counties that made up the 5th district did not border each other. That district was therefore made up of two separate pieces rather than being a single contiguous entity

Note: Many of these counties covered much larger areas in 1794 than they do today, having since been divided into numerous counties

Election returns

Ten incumbents (6 Democratic-Republicans and 4 Federalists) ran for re-election. The incumbents James Armstrong (F), from the 9th district, William Montgomery (DR) from the 11th district, and John Smilie (DR) from the 12th district did not run for re-election. [1] Smilie would later return to the House in 1798, where he would remain until his death in 1812. Of the ten who ran for re-election, 6 (4 Democratic-Republicans and 2 Federalists) were re-elected. A total of 9 Democratic-Republicans and 4 Federalists were elected, a net gain of one seat for the Democratic-Republicans over the previous election.

Election results are unavailable from the 5th, 7th, 8th, and 11th districts, and are incomplete for the 9th.

1794 United States House election results
District Democratic-Republican Federalist Other candidates
1st John Swanwick 1,24051.2% Thomas Fitzsimons (I)1,18248.8%
2nd Frederick Muhlenberg (I)65656.3% Samuel Miles 51043.7%
3rd Thomas Ross57131.8% Richard Thomas 1,22268.2%
4th
2 seats
James Morris1,648 [2] 20.2% Samuel Sitgreaves 2,59436.2%James Barclay (party unknown)1952.4%
John Richards [2] 1,63520.0%
Robert Lollar1,07213.1%
Peter Muhlenberg (I)6618.1%
5th Daniel Hiester (I)
6th Samuel Maclay 1,88246.0%John Carson43810.7%
John A. Hanna 1,72243.3%
7th John W. Kittera (I)
8th Thomas Hartley (I)
9th Andrew Gregg (I)James Wallace
William Irvine (I)
10th David Bard 1,80852.9%James Chambers51915.2%
James McLane1,09031.9%
11th William Findley (I)
12th Albert Gallatin 76933.1% Thomas Scott (I)64327.7%
Daniel Hamilton37716.2%Isaac Tichenor25611.0%
Hugh H. Brackenridge 1406.0% John Woods 1975.9%

In the 4th district , John Richards (DR) disputed the official returns (shown above) which showed himself in 3rd place and James Morris (DR) in 2nd. The Governor of Pennsylvania only issued certification for Samuel Sitgreaves (F). On July 10, 1795, before the House could act on the dispute, Morris died. The House voted Richards the legitimate winner of 2nd place, with the revised vote totals being 1,791 for Richards and 1,688 for Morris

Special elections

Daniel Hiester (DR), re-elected to the 5th district, resigned on July 1, 1796. A special election was held on October 11, 1796 (the same day as the 1796 general elections) to fill the resulting vacancy. Hiester would later be elected to Maryland's 4th congressional district in 1800

1796 Special election
District Democratic-Republican Federalist
5th Joseph Hiester 1,55343.2% George Ege 2,03956.8%

Joseph Hiester was a cousin of Daniel.

See also

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References

  1. District assignments based on residence information given in the 1792 returns
  2. 1 2 A dispute arose over whether James Morris or John Richards was in second place, see below for more details