1800 United States census

Last updated

1800 United States census

  1790 August 4, 1800 (1800-08-04) 1810  

Seal of the United States Marshals Service.svg
Seal of the United States Marshals Service, which administered the census
General information
CountryUnited States
Authority Office of the United States Marshal
Results
Total population5,308,483 (Increase2.svg 35.1%)
Most populous state Virginia
886,149
Least populous state Delaware
64,273

The 1800 United States census was the second census conducted in the United States. It was conducted on August 4, 1800. It showed that 5,308,483 people were living in the United States, of whom 893,602 were slaves. The 1800 census included the new District of Columbia. The census for the following states were lost: Georgia, Kentucky, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Virginia.

Contents

Census questions

The 1800 census asks the following information in columns, left to right: [1]

ColumnTitle
1Name of the head
2Number of free white males under age 10
3Number of free white males of age 10 and under 16
4Number of free white males of age 16 and under 26
5Number of free white males of age 26 and under 45
6Number of free white males of age 45 and over.
7Number of free white females under age 10
8Number of free white females of age 10 and under 16
9Number of free white females of age 16 and under 26
10Number of free white females of age 26 and under 45
11Number of free white females of age 45 and over.
12Number of all other free persons
13Number of slaves

This census is one of the several for which some of the original data are no longer available. Original census returns for Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Virginia were lost over the years. [2]

Data availability

No microdata from the 1800 population census are available, but aggregate data for small areas, together with compatible cartographic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System.

State and regional populations

DistrictFree white males under age 10,Free white males age 10–16Free white males age 16–26Free white males age 26–45Free white males over age 45Free white females under age 10Free white females age 10–16Free white females age 16–26Free white females age 26–45Free white females over age 45All other free personsSlavesTotal
New Hampshire 30,69414,88116,37917,58911,71529,87114,19317,15318,38112,1428528183,858
Massachusetts 63,64632,50737,90539,72931,34860,92030,67440,49143,83335,3406,4520422,845
Maine 27,97012,30512,90015,3188,33926,89911,33813,29514,4968,0418180151,719
Connecticut 37,94619,40821,68323,18018,97635,73618,21823,56125,18620,8275,330951251,002
Vermont 29,42012,04613,24216,5448,07628,27211,36612,60615,2877,0495570154,465
Rhode Island 9,9455,3525,8895,7854,8879,5245,0266,4636,9195,6483,30438069,122
New York (excluding Duchess, Ulster, Orange counties)83,16136,95340,04552,45425,49779,15432,82239,08647,71023,1618,57315,602484,065
New York (Duchess, Ulster, Orange counties)16,9367,3209,2309,1406,35816,3196,6499,0308,7015,4901,8015,011101,985
New Jersey 33,90015,85916,30119,95612,62932,62214,82717,01819,53311,6004,40212,422211,149
Pennsylvania (eastern district)52,76724,43829,39333,86420,82451,17623,42729,87930,89219,32911,253557327,979
Pennsylvania (western district)50,45921,62324,86925,46917,76148,44820,36224,09522,95414,0663,3111,149274,566
Delaware 8,2504,4375,1215,0122,2137,6284,2775,5434,9812,3908,2686,15364,273
Maryland (including Washington County in the District of Columbia [a] , but excluding parts of Baltimore County)33,52016,58120,56022,16912,61732,46315,71821,50620,36311,24018,646102,465317,348
Maryland (additional return for Baltimore County)567226318343249517222375318199418474,276
Virginia (eastern district)57,83725,99832,44434,58819,08754,59725,46934,80732,64118,82113,194322,199676,682
Virginia (western district)34,60114,50216,26415,67411,13432,72613,36615,9233,63215,1691,93023,597203,518
Virginia (Alexandria and part of Fairfax County in the District of Columbia [a] )8893204835572216703134794731893831,1725,949
North Carolina 63,11827,07331,56031,20918,68859,07425,87432,98930,66517,5147,043133,296478,103
South Carolina 37,41116,15617,76119,34410,24434,66415,85718,14517,2369,4373,185146,151345,591
Georgia 19,8418,4699,78710,9144,95718,4077,9149,2438,8353,8941,91959,699162,686
Kentucky 37,27414,04515,70517,6999,23834,94913,43315,52414,9347,07574140,343220,959
Northwest Territory 9,3623,6474,6364,8331,9558,6443,3533,8613,3421,395337045,365
Indiana Territory 8543474666452627912804243931151631355,641 [b]
Mississippi Territory 9993564827802909533763524621651823,4898,850
DistrictFree white males under age 10Free white males age 10–16Free white males age 16–26Free white males age 26–45Free white males over age 45Free white females under age 10Free white females age 10–16Free white females age 16–26Free white females age 26–45Free white females over age 45All other free personsSlavesTotal
Uncorrected Total741,367334,849383,423422,795257,526705,024315,354391,848392,167250,296102,685875,6265,172,312
Tennessee [c] 19,2277,1948,2828,3524,12518,4507,0428,5546,9923,49130913,584105,602
Maryland corrected [d] 36,75117,74321,92923,55313,71234,70316,78722,91521,72512,18019,987107,707349,692
Corrected Total763,288359,792392,765432,979262,497725,197323,243401,436400,203254,524104,294893,6055,305,982

^  a: At the time of the 1800 census, the territory donated to form the District of Columbia was still being administered by the states of Maryland and Virginia. The state of Maryland included the population of the District under its control within its own return. The population of the District of Columbia within Maryland was 8,144 persons, including 5,672 whites, 400 free blacks, and 2,472 enslaved persons. [3]

^  b: Persons 766 added to the particular items of this return.

^  c: This return has been received since the communication of the above Aggregate to Congress.

^  d: This return has also been since received, and is stated by the Marshal to be more correct than the first. [4]

City populations

RankCityStatePopulation [5] [6] Region (2016) [7]
01 New York New York 60,515 Northeast
02 Philadelphia Pennsylvania 41,220 Northeast
03 Baltimore Maryland 26,514 South
04 Boston Massachusetts 24,937 Northeast
05 Charleston South Carolina 18,824 South
06 Northern Liberties Pennsylvania 10,718 Northeast
07 Southwark Pennsylvania 9,621 Northeast
08 Salem Massachusetts 9,457 Northeast
09 Providence Rhode Island 7,614 Northeast
10 Livingston New York 7,405 Northeast
11 Norfolk Virginia 6,926 South
12 Newport Rhode Island 6,739 Northeast
13 Cambridge New York 6,187 Northeast
14 Fishkill New York 6,168 Northeast
15 Newburyport Massachusetts 5,946 Northeast
16 Richmond Virginia 5,737 South
17 Nantucket Massachusetts 5,617 Northeast
18 Stonington Connecticut 5,437 Northeast
19 Portsmouth New Hampshire 5,339 Northeast
20 Gloucester Massachusetts 5,313 Northeast
21 Albany New York 5,289 Northeast
21 Schenectady New York 5,289 Northeast
23 Marblehead Massachusetts 5,211 Northeast
24 Clinton New York 5,208 Northeast
25 Bridgewater Massachusetts 5,200 Northeast
26 Canaan New York 5,157 Northeast
27 New London Connecticut 5,150 Northeast
28 Norwalk Connecticut 5,146 Northeast
28 Savannah Georgia 5,146 South
30 Middletown Connecticut 5,001 Northeast
31 Watervliet New York 4,992 Northeast
32 Alexandria District of Columbia [8] 4,971 South
33 Stephentown New York 4,968 Northeast
34 Troy New York 4,926 Northeast
35 Hartford Connecticut 4,802 Northeast
36 Rehoboth Massachusetts 4,743 Northeast
37 Paris New York 4,721 Northeast
38 Hillsdale New York 4,702 Northeast
39 Coxsackie New York 4,676 Northeast
40 Kingston New York 4,615 Northeast
41 Argyle New York 4,597 Northeast
42 Rensselaerville New York 4,560 Northeast
43 Oyster Bay New York 4,548 Northeast
44 Middleborough Massachusetts 4,458 Northeast
45 Claverack New York 4,414 Northeast
46 Petersburgh New York 4,412 Northeast
47 Lyme Connecticut 4,380 Northeast
48 New Bedford Massachusetts 4,361 Northeast
49 Kinderhook New York 4,348 Northeast
50 Groton Connecticut 4,302 Northeast
51 Lancaster Pennsylvania 4,292 Northeast
52 Litchfield Connecticut 4,285 Northeast
53 Pawling New York 4,269 Northeast
54 Otsego New York 4,224 Northeast
55 Whitestown New York 4,212 Northeast
56 South Hempstead New York 4,141 Northeast
57 Montgomery New York 4,106 Northeast
58 Newbury Massachusetts 4,076 Northeast
59 New Haven Connecticut 4,049 Northeast
60 Brookhaven New York 4,022 Northeast
60 Rhinebeck New York 4,022 Northeast
62 Glocester Rhode Island 4,009 Northeast
63 Wethersfield Connecticut 3,992 Northeast
64 Johnstown New York 3,932 Northeast
65 Huntington New York 3,894 Northeast
66 Beverly Massachusetts 3,881 Northeast
67 Taunton Massachusetts 3,860 Northeast
68 Halfmoon New York 3,851 Northeast
69 Warwick New York 3,816 Northeast
70 Freehold New York 3,812 Northeast
71 Beekman New York 3,756 Northeast
72 Gilmanton New Hampshire 3,752 Northeast
73 Fairfield Connecticut 3,735 Northeast
74 Bethlehem New York 3,733 Northeast
75 Chatham New York 3,716 Northeast
76 Portland Massachusetts [9] 3,704 Northeast
77 Wells Massachusetts [9] 3,692 Northeast
78 Schodack New York 3,688 Northeast
79 Southampton New York 3,670 Northeast
80 Earl Pennsylvania 3,669 Northeast
81 Hudson New York 3,664 Northeast
82 Lebanon Connecticut 3,652 Northeast
83 Guilford Connecticut 3,597 Northeast
84 Wallkill New York 3,592 Northeast
85 Minisink New York 3,584 Northeast
86 Milton New York 3,553 Northeast
87 Plymouth Massachusetts 3,524 Northeast
88 Petersburg Virginia 3,521 South
89 Palatine New York 3,512 Northeast
90 Berne New York 3,486 Northeast
91 Pittstown New York 3,483 Northeast
92 Norwich Connecticut 3,476 Northeast
93 Greenbush New York 3,472 Northeast
94 Preston Connecticut 3,440 Northeast
95 South Kingstown Rhode Island 3,438 Northeast
96 Falmouth Massachusetts [9] 3,422 Northeast
97 Evesham New Jersey 3,381 Northeast
98 Saybrook Connecticut 3,363 Northeast
99 Aurelius New York 3,312 Northeast
100 Ipswich Massachusetts 3,305 Northeast

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References

  1. "1800 Census Questions". Archived from the original on April 27, 2010. Retrieved May 3, 2010.
  2. Dollarhide, William (2001). The Census Book: A Genealogists Guide to Federal Census Facts, Schedules and Indexes. North Salt Lake, Utah: HeritageQuest. p. 8.
  3. "District of Columbia – Race and Hispanic Origin: 1800 to 1990" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. September 13, 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 4, 2011. Retrieved November 1, 2011.
  4. "Enumeration of Persons in the several districts of The United States" (PDF). 1800. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 11, 2010. Retrieved May 10, 2010.
  5. Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, U.S. Census Bureau, 1998
  6. "Population of Connecticut Towns 1756-1820". Connecticut Secretary of the State. State of Connecticut. Archived from the original on January 13, 2017. Retrieved April 13, 2020.
  7. "Regions and Divisions". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
  8. In present day Virginia.
  9. 1 2 3 In present day Maine.